Policy Background
Seven departments: further promote the construction of computing infrastructure and other forward-looking layout of 6G, satellite Internet, mobile phone direct connection to satellite and other key technology research
According to the news of the Financial Associated Press on January 29, recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other 7 departments jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Innovation and Development of Future Industries". Strengthening new infrastructure. We will further promote the construction of 5G, computing infrastructure, industrial Internet, Internet of Things, Internet of Vehicles, and gigabit optical networksForward-looking layout of key technology research such as 6G, satellite Internet, and mobile phone direct connection to satelliteto build a new digital infrastructure that is high-speed, ubiquitous, integrated, interconnected, intelligent, green, safe and efficient. Guide major scientific and technological infrastructure to serve future industries, deepen the sharing of facilities, equipment and data, and accelerate the transformation and application of cutting-edge technologies. Promote the integration and empowerment of a new generation of information technology to traditional infrastructure such as transportation, energy, and water conservancy.
The development of satellite Internet
The development and exploration of satellite Internet began in the late 80s of the 20th century, and has gone through many iterative upgrades in technology. Nowadays, low-orbit satellite communication has changed from low-speed narrowband Internet of Things to high-speed broadband Internet of Things.
Booster: 1. The mobile phone is directly connected to the satellite
In addition to the technological innovation of the satellite industry, the development of terrestrial networks and the application requirements of mobile intelligent terminals are also becoming a new driving force for the deployment of satellite Internet constellations.
August 2023Huawei releaseThe Mate60Pro mobile phone has become the first smart flagship produced by a mainstream mobile phone manufacturer to support the function of direct satellite connection of mobile phonesMachine. In January 2024, China's leading smartphone manufactureroppofind x7 ultraYesOPPO's first satelliteFor the first time, the communication mobile phone brings the functions of handset and hands-free dual-mode satellite call to the smartphone through the satellite antenna pattern control technologyGloryThe mobile phone Magic6 Pro is equipped with Hongyan satellite communicationSupport two-way voice and peer-to-peer SMS functionIt has become a mobile phone brand and terminal model that supports satellite communication function, and has the advantages of faster satellite connection, lower power consumption, and longer call duration than previous satellite communication solutions. Xiaomi's first satellite communication mobile phoneThe Xiaomi 14 Ultra will be available in March of this yearA platform is the latestThe new revelations also said that the machine will be equipped with satellite communication as standard in the whole system, and will not be divided into ordinary version and satellite like OPPOversion, which is the same as the Huawei Mate 60 series in this respect.
The direct connection of mobile phones to satellites is becoming a new demand pull point for the satellite communication industry。The Academy of Information and Communications Technology predictsThe global satellite communications terminal market is expected to reach $10.9 billion by 2027.
Booster G deploys 6G nurturing
In the global communications ecosystem,Satellite communications are an important part of 5G-Advanced and 6G。The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has conducted research on the integration of satellites with 5G New Radio (NR) technology, which it has named a "Non-terrestrial Network" (NTN).
In the face of the menacing challenge of Starlink in the United States, the layout of China's Internet satellite industry has also appeared in a pattern dominated by state-owned enterprises, with the participation of private enterprises and blossoming in many places. The following is an introduction to several low-orbit satellite Internet constellations that have been planned and under construction.
1. GW Constellation Project:That is, the State Grid Constellation Program--- which is expected to be registered in 2021 in Xiong'an China Satellite Network Group*** and led to launch an Internet low-earth orbit satellite plan.
In September 2020, a Chinese company, codenamed "GW", submitted a spectrum allocation file to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). In the file are two broadband constellation programs named GW-A59 and GW-2, whichThe total number of satellites planned to be launched reached 12,992 units。The "GW" constellation contains a total of 2 subconstellations, and the orbital altitude is also divided into two groups (see figure below). The satellites of the GW-A59 subconstellation are distributed in extremely low orbits below 500 km, and the satellites of the GW-2 subconstellation are distributed in low earth orbits of 1145 km. The orbital inclination of the two groups of satellites is distributed between 30°-85°. Compared with other similar projects such as SpaceX's Starlink, the GW constellation has certain differences in orbital altitude, satellite communication frequency band, and bandwidth. Be that as it may,The GW constellation may be added to the direct satellite communication mode of mobile phones at some point in the future, thus gaining a place in the competition with SpaceX.
According to previous reports, Huawei, as a leading technology company in China, has also participated in the activities related to the GW constellation. At ACP2023, Huawei released a report on the architecture and technology evolution of optical communication systems, and officially presented this exciting report"Space Broadband" program. The program will enable high-speed data transmission at speeds of more than 100Gbps by leveraging advanced space satellite network technology, far beyond the limits of traditional communication networks. Users will be able to enjoy a fast and stable network connection no matter where they are, which will greatly improve the communication experience. “The Space Broadband Program is expected to be officially launched in 2030
2. G60 constellation:G60 Starlink, China's second constellation of low-orbit satellites, is supported by the city of Shanghai** and aims to provide broadband internet services, and began production in Shanghai on December 30, 2023, competing with SpaceX's Starlink.
The name of the G60 constellation is the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor in Shanghai, which is a high-tech-led industrial cluster covering Shanghai and eight surrounding cities, forming a 300-kilometer-long innovation belt, including the Aerospace Information Industrial Park, which is the main production base of G60 Starlink. The goal of the G60 constellation is in:At least 108 satellites will be launched and operational in 2024 to provide initial commercial servicesBy 2027, we will build a complete industrial chain that can compete globally, producing 300 satellites per yearThe total number has reached 12,000, covering the world's broadband network needs
, Hong Kong Space StarlinkIn order to further leverage Hong Kong's unique advantages and build Hong Kong's space industry in an all-round way, from 2024 to 2029, Hong Kong will strive to build the "Hong Kong Space Starlink" composed of 720 satellites, so as to achieve the space satellite network service capability "based in Hong Kong and radiating to the world". It is solving the communication problems of more than 3 billion people in relatively backward countries and regions in the world, and at the same time solving the needs of direct connection of mobile phones to satellites in developed countries and regions around the world.
Part of the plan, which will run until 2029, has a total investment of up to HK$29 billion, equivalent to about 27.1 billion yuan. It is estimated that a total of 720 satellites will be launched, of which 360 will be connected satellites through remote communication, which will form the "Dragon Group Plan", and the remaining 360 will be low-orbit communication satellites, which will form the "Phoenix Group Plan". ”
4. Wild Goose Constellation:Hongyan Global Satellite Constellation Communication System is a project that China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation plans to build in 2020. The system will be composed of 300 low-orbit small satellites and a global data business processing center, with all-weather, full-time and real-time two-way communication capabilities under complex terrain conditions, and can provide users with global real-time data communication and integrated information services.
The Hongyan constellation will integrate a number of satellite application functions
Hongyan satellite data collection function can realize large-scale information collection, meet the monitoring data information transmission needs in the fields of ocean, meteorology, transportation, environmental protection, geology, disaster prevention and mitigation, and provide global asset status supervision, personnel positioning, emergency rescue and communication services for large energy enterprises and engineering enterprises. Its satellite data exchange function can provide two-way, real-time data transmission around the world, as well as short message, audio, and other data services.
In December 2023, Honor officially announced that the Magic 6 series mobile phones will be equipped with Hongyan satellite communication technology to support calls and text messages.
5. Hongyun project: It is one of the five major commercial aerospace projects of China's aerospace science and industry. It is planned to launch 156 satellites, which will be networked and operated in orbits 1,000 kilometers above the ground, and strive to build a spaceborne broadband global mobile Internet network.
As early as March 2018, Zhang Zhongyang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and president of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, said that it is expected to launch and carry out demonstration, verification and application demonstration of low-orbit broadband communication by the end of 2018. After the completion of the constellation deployment in 2022,Hongyun Engineering will be able to provide broadband mobile communication services with seamless global coverage, and build a comprehensive information platform integrating "communication, guidance and remote communication" for all kinds of users
6. Milky Way Galaxy ConstellationGalaxy Aerospace was established in 2018 and Lei Jun participated in the investment of Galaxy Aerospace launched Galaxy Galaxy, planning to deploy 650 small satellites in low orbit.
In January 2020, China successfully launched the first low-orbit broadband communication satellite with a communication capacity of 16Gbps, the first satellite of Galaxy Space. As of March 2022, seven satellites are in orbit.
Geely Future Travel Constellation:Li Shufu, chairman of Geely Holding Group, has said that it plans to launch 72 satellites in three years to form a low-orbit small satellite constellation called "Geely Future Mobility Constellation".
On June 2, 2022, Zhejiang Shikong Daoyu Technology, a subsidiary of Geely Holding Group, successfully launched the first batch of small satellites, a total of 9 satellites, all of which successfully entered the scheduled orbit. Geely's Future Mobility Constellation focuses on providing centimeter-level high-precision positioning, with automotive and autonomous driving navigation being the primary applications, and the Starlink plan focusing on providing broadband Internet access services;
8. Xiangyun Satellite Constellation:In 2014, Wang Yang, who is currently the CEO of Spacetime Daoyu, founded Ouke Micro and launched the Xiangyun constellation, planning to deploy more than 28 small satellites in low orbit.
In November 2018, the "Jiading-1" satellite independently developed by Shanghai Ouke Micro Aerospace was successfully launched by the Long March-2D rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. "Jiading-1" is China's first high-performance microsatellite independently developed and manufactured by a commercial aerospace company, and is also the first satellite of China's first space-based IoT detection system "Xiangyun" satellite constellation.
9. Apocalypse Constellation:The Apocalypse Constellation is China's first narrowband IoT constellation system that provides low-orbit satellite data communication services, and the constellation includes 38 low-orbit small satellites.
The Tianqi Satellite Internet of Things system is composed of a constellation, a satellite ground station, a satellite tracking and control center, a Tianqi operation support platform, a Tianqi Internet of Things application platform, a satellite terminal, etc., and is a complete satellite Internet of Things application system. In September 2023, the exclusive launch of "One Arrow and Four Satellites" was successful, and the number of satellites in orbit of the Apocalypse constellation reached 21, and it is expected that all 38 satellites will be networked in the first half of 2024.
**10,000 Fans Incentive Plan