Bond, also expressed as bail, translates as "a sum of money that is paid as bail". Bail refers to the system in which an arrested person is released if he or she provides a guarantee or accepts certain conditions. Bail bonds are called security deposits in China. The payment of a guarantee deposit cannot be said to be an exchange of money for the personal liberty of a criminal suspect or defendant, but rather requires him to use money as a guarantee to prevent him from evading investigation, prosecution, and trial, and if the criminal suspect or defendant cooperates with the work of the relevant organs to bring the case into the case normally, the guarantee deposit is to be returned.
Non-surety bond and surety bond:
non-surety bond： where the defendant's signature alone guarantees the amount of bond and the defendant is not required to post any property or retain the services of a professional bail bondsperson as collateral.b) promise to appear.
Surety Bond: The court requires cash, real estate or a professional bail bondpersons signature as collateral before rel easing the defendant back into the community
There are two forms of bail: unconditional bail and conditional bail. The initial bail was for the suspect to be released on a bond as security, followed by a guarantor's guarantee.
U.S. laws dealing with bail bonds have their roots in English common law. The original model was that when a person was suspected of a crime**, he could be released and awaiting trial outside of prison if someone in his community vouched for his or her trial as scheduled. If he escapes, the guarantor will be punished. Later, this practice of guaranteeing human life and liberty was replaced by the practice of using property as collateral. Today, monetary guarantees have become a major form of bail bond system.
The two theoretical foundations on which the bail system was born and developed are:
1. Every citizen has the right to personal liberty. Personal liberty is a fundamental right of citizens, and even if there is a suspicion of a crime, the freedom of citizens as a member of social life should still be guaranteed as much as possible.
2. The principle of presumption of innocence. Based on the principle of presumption of innocence, any person is innocent until convicted of a crime in accordance with the law, and therefore has the right to freedom while awaiting a court hearing.
There are three exceptions to bail, i.e., denial of bail:
1) There is sufficient reason to believe that the bail requirement will not be met in court. For example, there is a record of absconding after bail without a reasonable explanation, etc.
2) There are sufficient grounds to believe that further offence is likely to be committed. This is based on factors such as the previous experience of the suspect and defendant and the nature of the crime.
3) There are sufficient grounds to believe that it will threaten, interfere with, or harm witnesses, or obstruct the normal conduct of judicial proceedings.
Refer to bilingual example sentences:
the new constitution (ratified on 7 august 2008) guarantees civil and political rights and fundamental freedoms including, inter alia: the right to life; right to nondiscrimination; right to fair and public trials; protection from arbitrary detention; right to bail; freedom from forced confession; right to legal aid; prohibition of torture or degrading treatment; right to appeal; access to compensation for unlawful arrest or detention; right to vote (voting age reduced to 18) and to hold public office; freedom of opinion and expression; right to privacy; right to information; freedom of association; freedom of assembly; freedom of movement; and provision of special protection to vulnerable groups, including children, adolescents, elders, and people with special needs.
The new Constitution, ratified on 7 August 2008, guarantees civil, political and fundamental freedoms. These include, inter alia: the right to life; the right not to be discriminated against; the right to a fair and public trial; the right not to be arbitrarily detained; the right to bail; the right to be free from forced confession; the right to legal aid; prohibition of torture or degrading treatment; the right to appeal; the right to compensation for unlawful arrest or detention; the right to vote (the voting age has been lowered to 18) and to hold public office; freedom of opinion and expression; Privacy; the right to be informed; Freedom of association; freedom of assembly; freedom of movement; and special protection for vulnerable groups, including children, adolescents, older persons and persons with special needs.
freedom of the press is guaranteed by the constitution, implying, inter alia, the freedom of expression and creativity of journalists and other staff, as well as the freedom of journalists to take part in determining the editorial policy of the media body in question, s**e when it is doctrinal or denominational in nature; the right of journalists to h**e access to sources of information and to the protection of professional independence and secrecy, as well as their right to elect editorial boards, in accordance with the law; and the right to create news***s and any other publications, regardless of any prior administrative authorisation, bond or qualification (art. 38 (1) crp).
The Constitution guarantees freedom of the press, which means freedom of expression and creativity of journalists and other functionaries, as well as the freedom of journalists to participate in determining the editorial policy of the relevant ** body, unless it is of a doctrinal or denominational nature; Journalists have the right to information** and professional independence and confidentiality, and the right to elect editorial boards in accordance with the law; and the right to create newspapers and any other publications, regardless of previous administrative authorizations, agreements or restrictions (article 38(1) of the Constitution).