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Nowadays, as the military strength of all countries in the world becomes more and more powerful, it is obviously unrealistic to rely solely on the air force, navy or army to balance the whole world at will.
WhileAircraft carriersWith its huge size and the strong combat effectiveness of carrier-based aircraft, no one dares to underestimate countries that have aircraft carriers when they carry out operations in the sea area.
Speed is undoubtedly an important part of measuring the performance of an aircraft carrier, but many people wonder why a new unit has emerged when describing the speed of an aircraft carrier"Section".What about it?How fast is the "festival"?
With now more and more units to measure speed,milesnautical milesand other words can vividly describe the speed of the ship, so many people feel a little confused when they see the knots, in addition to miles and seas also use knots, isn't that a superfluous move?
Yet"Section".There is an interesting story in between, if you want to say when the world's maritime industry began to develop rapidly, it must be traced back to the 16th century.
At that time, with the advancement of technology, the shipbuilding industry in Europe was booming, and in order to obtain more profits, various steamship merchants began to undertake the business of transporting goodsHow do you calculate the cost of transportation when there is no uniform unit of measurement?
At that time, there were no speedometers or voyage recorders, but it was not a problem for the clever crew, who tied a rope evenly to a number of small balls.
The crew then tied the rope to the stern of the boat, and then measured the distance traveled by each ship in a certain amount of time to get the speed of each boat, and the distance between each ball wassection
The knot is also a unit that is unified around the world, and if it is converted into a more understandable unit, then one economy is equal to one nautical mile per hour, that is1852m per hour
Knowing the length represented by each section, and seeing that the speed of some ships is only 20 knots per hour, many people inevitably feel "slow", nearly 1852m per hour, even if there are 20 knots, they can only drive one in an hour37.04 km
What is the concept of speed? Take the small battery car that everyone often sees, driving more than 30km per hour, it is also easy, as for the common car at home, 60km per hour can only be regarded as a guaranteed speed, faster, it can reach 120km per hour.
However, what many people do not know is that almost all aircraft carriers in the world do not exceed 30 knots, that is, the speed of these aircraft carriersEvery hour will not exceed 5556km, which is almost contrary to the label of the aircraft carrier as "top performer" in people's minds.
So, for what reason is the aircraft carrier not going to exceed 30 knots? Is it that our current level of technology cannot increase the speed of aircraft carriers?
In recent years, India can be said to have made a lot of jokes in the military, although he constantly wants to increase his international influence by manufacturing advanced equipment, but the technology is limited, and most of the military ** produced is a bit different.
However, if it can catch up with other countries in terms of basic "configuration", then India is never soft, such as "speed", however, India's Virat, as India's famous aircraft carrier, has a huge displacement and can be reached28700 tons
In order to be able to make its own aircraft carrier have a large volume and ultra-high speed, India has also exhausted its efforts in power designFour boilersTwo of them are parsons steam turbines, and one alone can reach 57 megawatts.
However, even with such a powerful power system, India's Virat aircraft carrier is only as fast as that28 verses, has not yet touched the threshold of 30 knots, that is, 51 per hour8km。
Many people may be a little disdainful, trying their best to build an aircraft carrier, at such a speed? Isn't that hilarious? However, India's aircraft carrier speed is only 28 knots, and it is really not to blame India for not being able to do it, and there are still many unspeakable hidden things.
The reason why aircraft carriers can have such a powerful deterrent to other countries is that of aircraft carriersCarrier-based aircraftIt occupies a large component, but it is not difficult to equip carrier-based aircraft on aircraft carriers, but how carrier-based aircraft take off has become a big problem.
After all, if the plane takes off on land, even if the speed is not enough, there is a long runway for him to continue to speed up, but the carrier-based aircraft on the aircraft carrier does not have such a good treatment, and the aircraft carrier equipped with various sophisticated instruments, even if it has worked hard to provide a runway for the carrier-based aircraft, but the general runway is also thereAbout 300m
If you want the carrier-based aircraft to reach take-off speed within a runway of 300m, then wind power is essential, so before the carrier-based aircraft takes off, the aircraft carrier will generally chooseHeadwindIn this case, the carrier-based aircraft will have a positive wind force that can soar.
In this case, the greater the speed of the aircraft carrier against the wind, the more assistance it can provide for the carrier-based aircraft to take off, so is it better to sail as fast as possible? If you ask a professional with this question, then he will definitely shake his head without hesitation.
After all, when the speed of the aircraft carrier is accelerated, it is easy for the carrier-based aircraft to take off, but the resistance faced by the aircraft carrier is multiplied, after all, the aircraft carrier is a behemoth with a displacement of tens of thousands of tons, and such a behemoth sails quickly in the waterResistance of water and airNot a small amount.
Moreover, it is not that the speed doubles, the drag only doubles, and as the speed continues to accelerate, the resistance will only increase more rapidly, which we can see from the power of the aircraft carrier when it is moving.
When the aircraft carrier is sailing at a speed of 19 knots, if the main force is one, then when the speed of the aircraft carrier reaches 30 knots, the main force will directly become 35, or even 4. The speed of the aircraft carrier has not doubled, and the power spent has reached as much as four times, which is enough to reflect the rapid increase in drag.
Therefore, when sailing on an aircraft carrier, people's requirements for speed are often just enough, if they blindly pursue itHigh speedNot only is the energy consumption huge, and a lot of money will be spent to pay for energy, but it is also inevitable to face the environmental pollution caused by fuel combustion.
In addition to the problem of energy consumption, there are other reasons for the speed limitation of the aircraft carrier, in general, the speed of the aircraft carrier will reach its maximum only when the carrier aircraft is about to take off, however, when considering this speed, people inevitably need to consider the crew on the deck.
After all, the take-off of the carrier-based aircraft is not the pilot's business alone, and there are also staff members to help disassemble the fixations on the carrier-based aircraft, and staff members are needed to help command, if the speed is too large, the staff on these decks will even have problems standing and observing the environment, so how to talk about commanding the successful flight of the most expensive carrier-based aircraft?
Moreover, the sailing speed of aircraft carriers is also affected by other factors, take our country as an example, with the successive launch of aircraft carriers, various typesCorvetteIt has also sprung up, have you ever wondered what is the reason for the appearance of these frigates?
In fact, if it is divided into two categories: attack and defense, then the aircraft carrier and the carrier-based aircraft on it are undoubtedly good at attacking, and in contrast, the defense capability of the aircraft carrier is relatively weak.
It is for this reason that the country will spend a lot of money on the perimeter of the aircraft carrier to arrange the escort fleet, in general, the power of the aircraft carrier is much better than the frigate, and if the generation of aircraft carriers accelerates, then there will be a problem, the frigate cannot keep up with the speed of the aircraft carrier.
At this time, the lone aircraft carrier encountered an enemy attack, the consequences are not trivial, after all, every aircraft carrier is made by the country at a great cost, so in order to put its aircraft carrier in a safe situation in the face of enemy attack, the aircraft carrier will also slow down when moving and wait for the frigate to follow.
Moreover, in the event of a war and the situation is urgent, no matter how fast the aircraft carrier is, it will not be faster than the enemy's fighters, so the aircraft carrier will only drive at a speed of 30 knots every hour55km, which is not enough to look at in front of the fighters of many countries.
Therefore, it is safer to move at a certain speed than to let the aircraft carrier accelerate as hard as it can, which is also a lesson from the past, and Japan famously dispatched them in World War IIDaliang aircraft carrierCombat.
At the beginning, the Japanese soldiers were still very calm and kept moving at a speed of 16 knots, but with the increase of the range, these Japanese soldiers could not bear it anymore, they were afraid that their aircraft carrier would be too slow, and they would not be able to make contributions to the battlefield The war has ended, so they can not make contributions, so they raised the speed of the aircraft carrier without authorizationSection 21
With the increase in speed, the joy on the faces of the Japanese soldiers was not concealed, but they did not find that the rate of fuel consumption was also increasing several times, and when they arrived at the battlefield, the people on the aircraft carrier just wanted to act, but found that a large number of aircraft carriers had no personnel to continue to carry out the instructions.
The last reason for limiting the speed of the aircraft carrier is related to safety, you can imagine, a slow-moving car or a high-speed car, which is more likely to have an accident?
In fact, aircraft carriers will also face when they are in the seaOverturnedAfter all, the aircraft carrier is such a behemoth, the height can reach dozens of floors, and the length is also hundreds of meters, which will inevitably lead to the upward shift of the center of gravity of the aircraft carrier.
Moreover, the size of the aircraft carrier itself is huge, the weight is also very large, and it has a strong inertia in the process of traveling, if the speed is increased without authorization, then once it encounters wind and grass, such as encountering an iceberg or obstacle that needs to be turned, then the high-speed aircraft carrier with the carrier-based aircraft on it may directly turn into the water, and the loss will be great.
It is precisely for these reasons, and in order to ensure the safety of aircraft carriers and carrier-based aircraft, take the United States, which is extremely advanced in aircraft carrier research and development, for example, they have long been in the forefront of the research of aircraft carrier power, and their aircraft carriers have long been used when other countries are still using ordinary energy as aircraft carrier powerNuclear fuel
It is well known that nuclear-powered aircraft carriers do not need to be recharged frequently, and a single reload of fuel can last several years or even ten years, while the American oneUSS Nimitz nuclear-powered aircraft carrierEven if it has the ability to increase the speed of the aircraft carrier to 40 knots, the average speed is only about 12 knots.
And China's existing aircraft carriers areConventionally powered aircraft carriersEven if the fuel is full, it can only guarantee more than 40 days of "mission energy", and if the aircraft carrier is increasing its speed during the period, then the endurance of the aircraft carrier will be greatly reduced, which will most likely lead to the abandonment of the mission halfway.
Therefore, when discussing aircraft carriers, it is obviously not advisable to blindly pursue speed, but it is very necessary to hope that aircraft carriers have better power**.
If China has a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, then with nuclear power as a support, the energy of the aircraft carrier is no longer a problem of limiting the aircraft carrier, even if the speed is accelerated, the endurance of the aircraft carrier will not be reduced, and China's naval strength will be greatly improved, and it is precisely for this reason that China will increase investment in the research and development of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers.