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In October 1997, the famous red ** Guo Rugui passed away, completing his magnificent life.
In the revolutionary years, our party lurked a large number of people within the enemy, stuck to the hidden front for a long time, and made outstanding contributions to the smooth construction of new China by our party.
Among these people is very famous: Qian Zhuangfei. Xiong Xianghui. Hudi. Guo Rugui and others. Unknown red** is even more numerous. But both are red**, but personal development and destiny are very different.
In particular, Guo Rugui, as a big man who served as a lieutenant general of the Kuomintang Ministry of Defense before the uprising, has been idle for a long time in New China and has suffered many shocks.
Why is Guo Rugui not reused by our party? How has he contributed in the past?
Click to pay attention and learn about the story of the red ** Guo Rugui together.
Guo Rugui was born in 1907. The Guo family is a scholarly family located in Tongliang County, Sichuan, and the Guo family also raised people during the Daoguang period. This person has served as a teacher in the surrounding counties and cities of Tongliang and is very prestigious in the local area. Although when Guo Rugui was born, the family road had already fallen. But the Guo family is also regarded as a "skinny camel bigger than a horse" in the local area, and it is a rare famous family.
Guo Rugui's father is named Guo Langxi, and he is very talented, and according to the normal trajectory of life development, Guo Langxi is likely to regain the glory of his ancestors. But he encountered an era of sudden change.
In September 1905, the Qing Dynasty announced that it would abolish the township examination in various places in the following year. Guo Langxi thus lost the opportunity to gain fame and soar.
Because of his failure to gain fame, Guo Langxi attaches great importance to his son. He hoped to inherit his ambition, so he named his son "Rugui" to express his good wishes and hopes that the child could "win the palace and win the laurel".
In addition to choosing a good name for the child, Guo Langxi also has a far-reaching impact on the child's education. This is also one of the major reasons why Guo Rugui finally embarked on the revolutionary road.
When he was young, Guo's father often begged in front of Ru Gui for the shortcomings of the country, and this old boy saw it clearly. At this time, the Qing Dynasty had already collapsed, and Beiyang ** was in charge of China. Under the rule of warlords, China was in turmoil everywhere, and people's livelihood was in ruins.
Guo's father's criticism of society had a huge impact on Ru Gui's young mind. He never imagined that outside the antique study, in the invisible world, so many people were suffering. From an early age, he was very sympathetic to the people at the bottom of the society who lived in poverty, and guided him to the revolutionary road in the future.
In 1919, Guo Rugui went to Chengdu with his father to study. Guo Rugui studied at the Affiliated Primary School of Chengdu Higher Normal School and the United High School. As Western-style schools established in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, these schools disseminated quite advanced ideas and teachings. Among them, there are also many advanced teachers who have revolutionary ideals in mind, and Guo Rugui's teacher Hu Zilin is one of them.
Under the guidance and leadership of his teacher Hu Zilin, Guo Rugui's already very progressive ideas gradually moved towards the revolutionary camp. It was in 1919 that the "May Fourth Movement" broke out, and a wave of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal frenzy was set off across the country.
Under the leadership of Hu Zilin, Guo Rugui actively participated in the movement and served as the first representative. In the process, Guo Rugui inevitably came into contact with the relevant content of socialist theory and became interested in it.
In 1925, Guo Rugui graduated from high school. Facing the road ahead, Guo's father suggested that his son be admitted to Tongji University in Shanghai to study medicine. However, under the influence of revolutionary ideology, Guo Rugui hoped to study engineering. At this time, his cousin Guo Rudong gave him important advice.
Guo Rudong joined the League at an early age and became a revolutionary cadre. At that time, he had already served as a division commander in the Sichuan Army, and he had a clearer view of China's development prospects. Guo Rudong suggested to his cousin: "Guangzhou is running the Whampoa Military Academy, you should go and study!" So the 18-year-old boy rushed to Shanghai, from Shanghai to Guangzhou.
After arriving in Shanghai, Guo Rugui's heart swayed again. Fortunately, at this time, the fellow middle school member and his classmates persuaded him: "When the country is in danger, medicine and science are just empty talk, and only the revolution has a future!" ”
Under their persuasion, Guo Rugui finally strengthened his determination to go south to Guangzhou. Guo Rugui was then admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy with his fellow Communist Party member Yuan Jingming and became a student of the sixth phase of Whampoa.
At that time, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were still in the stage of cooperation, and there were still a large number of Communist Party instructors and students in the Whampoa Military Academy. Guo Rugui, who was renamed by Guo Rugui, gradually fell to communism under the influence of Communist Party members.
Guo Rugui even proposed to his Communist Party classmate Yuan Jingming in school, hoping to join the party organization. But because of Guo Rudong's identity as the commander of the Sichuan Army, Guo Rugui finally failed to do so.
Guo Rugui had a communist heart, but was prevented from joining the party because of her cousin's status. How did he, who devoted himself wholeheartedly to communism, become a "spy" hidden in the Kuomintang by our party in the future?
With Chiang Kai-shek's blatant betrayal of the revolution, the Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was declared a failure. In the face of the imminent "Great Purge" of the right wing of the Kuomintang, our Party launched an active response. At that time, Wu Yuzhang, a communist who was actually in control of the power of the Whampoa Military Academy, found Guo Rugui, and he asked Guo Rugui to graduate early and return to his hometown. Wu Yuzhang hoped that Guo Rugui could persuade Guo Rudong, who already had a lot of military power in the Sichuan army.
Guo Rudong was in a state of vacillation at that time, and if he could win over our party's side under Guo Rugui's persuasion, he would be able to avoid a killing and robbery of our party. Faced with Guo Rugui, who returned to his hometown to persuade him, Guo Rudong promised not to participate on the surface, but secretly fell to Chiang Kai-shek. Soon after, Wuhan and Nanjing** within the Kuomintang merged, and the Kuomintang launched a unified campaign against the Communists. During this incident, Guo Rugui lost contact with Wu Yuzhang, who was assigned the task.
But in the process, Guo Rugui, who has always called on all sectors of society to stand together with communism, won the trust of the party organization.
In 1928, Yuan Jingming, a member of the Communist Party who had known him for a long time, became his introducer, and Guo Rugui officially joined the Communist Party of China.
Subsequently, Guo Rugui has been secretly hiding in his cousin's Sichuan army to collect information on the military operations of the Kuomintang army. However, in the face of the growing Communist Party, Chiang Kai-shek began a large-scale "purging of the party". He not only launched a large-scale investigation in his own party army, but even sent cadres to the local warlord forces to assist in the investigation of communists.
Guo Rudong had long doubted his cousin's political ideals, so this time he had to go forward and send Guo Rugui out of the army to study at the Japanese non-commissioned officer school. At this point, Guo Rugui lost contact with the party organization.
In 1931, the Japanese army launched an invasion of China, and the "918 Incident" broke out, and the three eastern provinces were quickly lost. Guo Rugui and others could not bear the joyful atmosphere of the war of aggression against China on Japanese campuses, and chose to drop out of school and return to China.
After returning to China, Guo Rugui and others were arranged to continue their studies at the Whampoa Military Academy. But Guo Rugui, who had long been resistant to the Whampoa Military Academy, chose to give up. By chance, Guo Rugui replaced his cousin's subordinates and entered the Army University to study, and then became a graduate student of the University of the Army to continue his studies.
In the Army University, Guo Rugui performed quite well, and he was the best at analyzing the situation of the war. After graduating from Lu University, Guo Rugui stayed at the school to teach as an instructor of war history, and was deeply loved by Yang Jie, the director of education.
In 1936, the Xi'an Incident was successfully resolved, and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated to resist Japan. Guo Rugui was overjoyed in her heart, thinking that her time to serve the country had come.
Under the recommendation of his classmates, Guo Rugui entered the 14th Division under Chen Cheng of the "Civil Engineering Department". After becoming Chen Cheng's subordinate, Guo Rugui's excellent battlefield awareness and war deduction ability won Chen Cheng's favor.
In 1937, the Japanese army attacked North China, and launched a military operation against Shanghai. In order to defend this "Pearl of the Orient" and an important financial revenue of the Kuomintang army, Chiang Kai-shek did not hesitate to mobilize heavy troops for defense. The Nationalist Army and a large number of local warlord troops rushed to Shanghai, and the "Battle of Songhu" broke out.
At that time, Guo Rugui was serving as the chief of staff of the 14th Division under Chen Cheng and was transferred to Tangkou, north and south of Shanghai. The commander of the 42nd Brigade of the 14th Division was greedy for life and feared death, and Guo Rugui took over the command as the civilian chief of staff. In the battle to block the Japanese army, Guo Rugui was a scholar, experienced the front line of the battlefield, and commanded the 42nd Brigade to defend against the crazy bombing of the Japanese army.
In the process of blocking the 42nd Brigade, more than 8,000 people in the brigade were beaten to less than 2,000, and Guo Rugui never retreated half a step, always stuck to the front line of the battlefield, and firmly controlled the position in the hands of the squadron.
With his outstanding performance, Guo Rugui made a name for himself in the Kuomintang army. Chen Cheng didn't expect that this weak scholar he fancied would not only be able to crisscross the map, but also scold Fang Xuan on the battlefield. Under Chen Cheng's strong recommendation, Guo Rugui was promoted to chief of staff of the 54th Army.
After that, in the Battle of Wuhan and the Battle of Changsha, Guo Rugui provided the Kuomintang army with a more sophisticated and suitable combat plan by virtue of his superb war command ability and ability to deduce and control the war. Although these battle plans failed to allow the Kuomintang army, which was absolutely weak, to defeat the Japanese army in one fell swoop. However, it did alleviate the results of the squadron, expand the results, and provide the necessary prerequisites for the country's strategy.
In this process, Chen Cheng also trusted this junior more and more. Under Chen Cheng's promotion, Guo Rugui successively served as chief of staff of the army, chief of staff of the group army, and member of the National Defense Research Commission.
In addition, Chen Cheng also pulled Guo Rugui into his own power group. Guo Rugui called one of the three departments of the Kuomintang Whampoa - one of the "civil engineering department" only under the leader Chen Cheng and the four elders of the "Thirteen Taibao". It can be said that with the help of Chen Cheng's training, Guo Rugui became one of the core high-level leaders of the Kuomintang.
Guo Rugui held a high position in the Kuomintang and was highly regarded. How did he wander between the Kuomintang and take the risk of passing information on our party?
In 1945, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was coming to an end. At that time, Guo Rugui had been promoted to vice president of the National Defense Research Institute, and he was very familiar with the military deployment of the Kuomintang. Seeing that Chiang Kai-shek secretly mobilized a large army, intending to kill the Communists again. Guo Rugui was very sad in her heart, thinking that she had worked hard for half her life, and the fruits of her hard work to resist the Japanese invaders would be buried in the hands of Jiang Yi.
At that time, Guo Rugui's Whampoa classmates met him by chance. This classmate, who secretly joined the Communist Party, became Guo Rugui's communicator for our party again. He recommended his cousin Ren Lianru to serve as Guo Rugui's intermediary in contacting the party organization.
Under Ren Lianru's many inspections, he believes that although Guo Rugui has been out of the party for many years, his enthusiasm for the party is still there. In the end, Ren Lianru finally recognized Guo Rugui's loyalty and introduced him to Comrade Dong Biwu, a veteran of the party.
In the meeting with Dong Biwu, the two talked very happily. Guo Rugui applied to Dong Biwu to restore his party membership and return to the embrace of the party. Dong Biwu took into account the particularity of Guo Rugui's identity and the fact that he had been out of the party for too long, and finally failed to agree. However, since this conversation, Guo Rugui has officially become a "secret son" of our party lurking in the core of the Kuomintang reactionaries, providing our party with top-secret information about the Kuomintang.
Soon after, the heart of the Kuomintang's civil war could no longer be hidden. For the needs of the civil war, the Ministry of Defense is divided into 22 three war halls. Under Chen Cheng's re-promotion, Guo Rugui was appointed as the director of the Third Department of the Ministry of National Defense, and was soon promoted by Chiang Kai-shek to the director of the Second Department.
It was in his position as director of the National Defense Department that Guo Rugui sent a lot of crucial information to our party. After the Kuomintang army went through three major battles, the elite troops had been almost completely lost. Guo Rugui saw that the time had come, and he no longer pretended. Guo Rugui brought all the officers and soldiers of the 72nd Army, which was rebuilt by the Kuomintang, to the camp of the Communist Party. This uprising made Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to hold on to Sichuan and dominate the southwest finally failed.
Guo Rugui, who made great contributions to the Liberation War, did not gain a high status after the founding of New China. As a ** lieutenant general officer before the uprising, he held a middle-level leadership position in the marginal sector for a long time after the liberation, which rarely attracted attention.
Even a large number of captured division commander-level generals of the Kuomintang held higher positions than Guo after the surrender. In many anti-rebellion actions after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Guo Rugui was treated as a rightist of the Kuomintang.
Xiong Xianghui, who was only Hu Zongnan's secretary before liberation, rose all the way after the founding of New China and was quite important.
There are several reasons for this gap.
The first and most critical issue is Guo Rugui's departure from the party. Since he left Japan, he has left the party organization. It was not until he took up the post of deputy director of research for the Ministry of National Defense that he came into contact with the party organization. The vacuum during this period made it difficult for the party organization to believe in his belief in the party organization and communism. Especially as a worker on the hidden front, the belief in communism is more important than life.
As a figure who has lived at the heart of the reactionary faction for a long time, once he is disloyal to the party, the damage will only be greater in the future.
Second, Ren Lianru, who had served as Guo Rugui's long-term intelligence liaison with our party, died in 1953. "Espionage" jobs rely mainly on a single line of contacts to prove identity. Without this comrade, it will be difficult for Guo Rugui to prove his party spirit and the importance of his work.
Therefore, Guo Rugui has served as a "rebel general" all the year round in my country. But he never blamed the organization or the state. In his later years, he took the initiative to return to Chongqing to teach English to military cadres. The state allocated him a villa, but he voluntarily refused and insisted on living in a bungalow of only a few dozen square meters.
In 1980, Guo Rugui finally fulfilled her wish and resumed her party membership. The state also recognized Guo Rugui's great merits as a "spy" of our party and penetrating into the enemy's interior.
There is a line in the famous spy war drama "Kite": "Only by completely forgetting your identity can you survive in this special environment." Guo Rugui's red ** is because he is deeply rooted in the Kuomintang, so he "forgot" his identity, and in the eyes of outsiders, he even lost his identity.
But the contributions they have made to New China will not forget their essence, and they will not forget the red gene in their bones!
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