1. The biggest mistake in Liu Bei's life was to establish himself as the king of Hanzhong.
Those who study the history of the Three Kingdoms know that in May of the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an, Liu Bei won the Battle of Hanzhong, and Cao Cao withdrew his troops from Chang'an. Then Liu Bei sent Liu Feng Mengda to take the age of the house. By this time, Liu Bei already owned the three counties of Xichuan, Hanzhong, Shangyong, Fangling and Jiangling, Lingling, and Wuling in Jingzhou, and his power had reached its peak.
In July, Liu Bei, with the support of the group, established himself as the king of Hanzhong. In the same month, Guan Yu of Jingzhou sent troops to Xiangfan, and in August, Guan Yu flooded the Seventh Army, captured Yu Ban, killed Pang De, and shocked China. But the good times did not last long, in October, Lü Meng of Eastern Wu crossed the river in white clothes and attacked Jingzhou, and in November, Guan Yu was lonely and poor, and he was captured and killed in Maicheng. Jingzhou was lost, and Guan Yu's entire army was annihilated. Shu Han suffered a huge blow and has since gone downhill.
Flooded Seventh Army. Investigating the reasons for its failure, Liu Bei's self-reliance as the king of Hanzhong is a reason that cannot be ignored. It can be said that Liu Bei's self-establishment as king of Hanzhong was the biggest mistake he made, which brought him irreparable political, economic and military losses.
2. Liu Bei's political and economic losses in establishing himself as the king of Hanzhong.
First of all, Liu Bei established himself as the king of Hanzhong, and his name was not right, and he was morally disadvantaged. Liu Bei's official official titles and titles in the Han Dynasty at that time were General Zuo and Marquis of Yicheng Pavilion. This official title and title were approved and conferred by Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and were official. And Liu Bei established himself as the king of Hanzhong, which was not approved by Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and was illegal. Cao Cao was also a king, but his throne was approved by Emperor Xian of Han and was legitimate. In comparison, it is clear which is right and which is wrong.
Second, he became the king and tore off the veil of Liu Bei Kuang's support for the Han family. As a courtier, when Emperor Han Xian was still there, you had to strictly abide by the way of a courtier. What's more, Liu Bei is under the banner of supporting the Han family, so he must respect the Han family even more. Standing himself as the king and returning the seal ribbon was simply not based on the opinion of Emperor Han Xian, and he went to the opposite side of the Han family. was caught by his opponents and hyped up, Liu Bei's political image plummeted, and he became no different from those warlords who were divided, and became the son of a disobedient man, which made many people loyal to the Han family lose trust in Liu Bei.
Third, it destroyed the alliance relationship with Soochow and allowed Soochow to let go of the psychological burden of defeating the alliance. Liu Bei established himself as king, first of all, it sounded the alarm for Sun Quan of Eastern Wu. Liu Bei began to blatantly disclose his ambition to compete for the world, which made Sun Quan shudder. Coupled with the upstream position of Liu Bei's group, Sun Quan was a huge threat. In this way, on the side of Eastern Wu, the contradiction with Liu Bei rose to the first place. For its own safety, Soochow must occupy Jingzhou. At the same time, Liu Bei became the king on his own, which also allowed Sun Quan to let go of the moral burden of the defeated alliance. Through communication with Cao Cao, under the banner of the Han family, he served the Son of Heaven to beg for disobedience. got the righteous name of attacking Guan Yu and corrupting the alliance.
Fourth, the eagerness to claim the throne and the immaturity of the conditions caused the opinions of Liu Bei's subordinates to be unified, and buried the hidden danger of disputes. At that time, Liu Bei's subordinates had the main book Yongmao and Xicao Peng Liu Ba to admonish, and the historical records said that "it was the time when the people in the middle of Xia were not the same, and they were prepared in Shu, and the Quartet extended their necks." And Bei Rui's intention is true, Ba thinks that this shows that the world is not wide, and he wants to slow it down. Liu Bei not only did not take their advice, but also used other things to kill the master book Yongmao, and the history books said that "from far away, people will not return". And Liu Ba was afraid of disaster, and from then on until he died, he no longer said anything other than business. In order to be in a hurry to become king, Liu Bei lost the hearts of many people.
Liu Ba. Fifth, it consumes manpower, material and financial resources, and increases the burden on Shuzhong. When Liu Bei established himself as king of Hanzhong, the battle of Hanzhong had just ended, and Hanzhong was relocated by Cao Cao, leaving only empty cities. This is the time to rebuild. And Liu Bei established himself as the king of Hanzhong, but instead requisitioned the people, overhauled the palace, roads, and buildings. Cao Cao at that time knew about it and commented that the national strength of Shu was overwhelming.
Sixth, the focus of Liu Bei's entire group has changed, which has seriously affected the normal work order and direction. Since carrying is an important and complicated matter, there are many aspects involved. For example, the establishment of institutions, the deployment of personnel, the conduct of ceremonies and so on. It is impossible not to spend a lot of manpower and energy in this regard, which inevitably brings disruption to normal work and has a serious impact on the development of Liu Bei Group.
3. Liu Bei's military losses in establishing the king of Hanzhong.
Liu Bei established himself as the king of Hanzhong, and the direct military consequences were the defeat of Guan Yu and the loss of Jingzhou. Guan Yu marched into Xiangfan in July in the same month that Liu Bei ascended to the throne of Hanzhong. From a military point of view, the timing was just right. It can be seen that Guan Yu's outstanding military vision.
First of all, Xiangfan's military status is prominent. If Guan Yu captures Xiangfan, then Jiangling and Yizhou are connected by the Yangtze River, and Xiangfan and Shangyong are connected by the Han River. In this way, the situation of Liu Bei's group in Jingzhou has completely changed, and it is not afraid of the joint attack of Eastern Wu and Cao Wei.
Second, the timing is timely. At that time, Cao Cao had just lost the battle in Hanzhong and would not return. Meng Da and Liu Feng captured Shangyongfang Mausoleum again. Third, the Cao army at that time was empty in Xiangfan, with only about 10,000 people in total. Guan Yu attacked with 30,000 or 40,000 people, and had an advantage in troops. In addition, Guan Yu has a powerful naval army that can control the surface of the Han River. In this way, Guan Yu was able to cut off the connection between the two cities of Xiangfan and break the Cao army. Later, coupled with Guan Yu's successful use of tactics, the Seventh Army was flooded and almost won the battle.
Guan Yu was captured. But due to the defeat of the Eastern Wu Alliance, all this was in vain. Jingzhou was not only lost, but even Guan Yu's father and son were killed, and the whole army was wiped out. During the campaign of Guan Yu, he did not receive any support from Nishikawa. Xichuan was busy with a series of work after Liu Bei took the throne, and he was blindly optimistic about Guan Yu, regardless of whether he asked. It wasn't until the bad news came that he was dumbfounded. All this cannot but be said to be the evil result of Liu Bei's ascension to the king of Hanzhong.
Fourth, the lessons brought by Liu Bei's self-reliance on the king of Hanzhong.
Liu Bei was in a hurry to establish himself as the king of Hanzhong just after he had won the Battle of Hanzhong, the aftermath of the campaign had not yet been carried out, and the follow-up operations of the campaign were still ongoing. And self-establishment as the king of Hanzhong brought irreparable consequences to Liu Bei politically, economically, and militarily.
This reflects the narrow and short-sighted nature of Liu Bei and his group. Liu Bei wandered for most of his life, and when he occupied Yizhou and Hanzhong, he finally had a stable and reliable base. At this time, he couldn't wait to be the king, showing a small family spirit. How can the heroes of the world afford it.
Taoyuan three knots.
Compared with Zhu Yuanzhang at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, after listening to Zhu Sheng's suggestion of "building a high wall, accumulating grain, and slowing down the king", even if he already had the capital to be the king at that time, he did not claim the king. His low profile prevented him from becoming the target of public criticism, and he was able to reduce the resistance to the development of his own power, and finally achieve the imperial cause.
Establishing himself as the king of Hanzhong did not bring Liu Bei any substantial benefits, but opened the door to failure for him. The following battles of Jingzhou and Yiling, a series of chain reactions, completely destroyed his life's hard work, all of which began with his self-establishment as the king of Hanzhong.
When the conditions were not ripe, Liu Bei insisted on going his own way, established himself as the king, and tried to gain real trouble by making a false name, and he should not get the world.