There are those data about China's population, in fact, it has been "said badly", and it can be summed up in one sentence: the number of newborns continues to decrease, the proportion of the elderly is increasing year by year, and the aging of the population is intensifying.
Some people are optimistic about this, because they believe that a large part of the reason for the huge pressure on our lives is that there are too many people, and now the population is declining, which is one of the ways to reduce the pressure and reduce the burden.
China's pension system is pay-as-you-go, what does it mean? It is to use the pension insurance paid by the workers to pay pensions to those who are now retired. At this stage, we are still eating the demographic dividend, and there is still a balance of pension every year, that is to say, the amount of pension insurance paid by workers is higher than the pension issued.
But when the demographic dividend disappears, the number of working population declines (in fact, it is now declining), the proportion of the elderly rises, and at this stage, the amount of pension insurance paid is lower than the pension issued, then this "hole" needs to be filled by the finance, and the pressure is quite large.
What's worse is that at this moment, the pension ** has become more difficult, and in order to alleviate the pressure of pension, the delayed retirement that most people dislike the most may have to be accelerated.
For example, in Shandong, there is a threshold for delaying retirement, according to the content of the notice of the Shandong Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security on further regulating the extension of the retirement age of senior experts in enterprises and institutions, it can be seen that at present, it is mainly for deputy senior and above senior experts engaged in professional and technical work, and they have to apply for it themselves.
To put it simply, ordinary people are not eligible for deferred retirement, but with the surge in pension pressure, we can see that the deferred retirement policy may be adjusted, and it will no longer be for a single group, but for all workers.
Of course, the population problem not only brings pressure to the elderly, but also includes medical care, economic growth, etc., which is obviously not what the people want, let alone what the country wants, so the hard bone of childbirth must be gnawed, even if a few teeth are broken.
It's not that young people don't want to give birth, but they don't dare to give birth, they don't have the ability to give birth, and they want to ask the reason, which is nothing more than the four mountains of housing, education, medical care, and pension.
On the issue of the house, there is basically no negotiation, this is the standard for marriage, even if the parents help out with the down payment, there is still a lot of pressure to repay the loan in the future, in this case, gritting your teeth and getting married, completely hollowing out your parents and your own family, and daring to have children after marriage.
So we can also see that many young people in society obviously have a house, but their willingness to marry and have children is very low, and there is also such a phenomenon: parents make a down payment, and parents help repay the loan, but the children are still moonlight, and even have to reach out to their parents from time to time.
In terms of education and medical care, it is needless to say that in the era of serious involution, parents have to be willing to spend money on their children, otherwise they will be left behind by other people's children. At the same time, the cost of medical care has not only not decreased, but is increasing, otherwise there would not be the saying that "once you enter and exit the hospital gate, you will be gone".
As for the pension is simpler, most of the current fertility forces are only children, and they have to shoulder the burden of supporting their parents alone, and parents help their children get married, so they don't have much savings left, and they can only rely on their children to support the elderly.
This is the pressure of young people to take care of their parents, and vice versa, it is precisely because they see their parents helping them that they think of helping their children in the future, and instinctively resist childbearing.
At last year's economic work conference, it was proposed to "speed up the improvement of the birth support policy system", from the people's explanation and the answer of Yang Wenzhuang, director of the Department of Population and Family of the National Health Commission, the improvement of the policy system includes population monitoring, the development of inclusive childcare, vacation, housing tax, employment and other aspects.
In addition, Tuo Qingming, a deputy to the National People's Congress, proposed that citizens under the age of 6 and over 75 implement free medical care, and this "new plan" will be deliberated at this year's congress.
His proposal is undoubtedly to dig up the two mountains that stand in the way of childbirth, one is to raise children, and the other is to provide for the elderly, why do you say that?
First of all, for children, especially infants and young children, due to poor resistance, they are particularly prone to illness, and unlike adults, at this stage of illness, parents dare not delay, dare not let the child carry it, can only go to the hospital.
Secondly, in supporting the elderly, medical expenses account for a large proportion, the elderly have decreased physical function, poor physical fitness, and are also prone to disease, but compared with sudden diseases such as colds and fevers, the most fatal is chronic diseases that require continuous medication.
In addition, according to the news of Zhejiang, an insurance branch released an annual report on claims, from the perspective of age distribution, children under the age of 6 have the highest proportion of medical insurance, and the elderly have a particularly high proportion of major diseases, far exceeding other groups.
Although the above annual report data is from 2018, it also shows the particularity of children under the age of 6 and the elderly over 75 years old, if these two groups can really implement free medical care, then it will greatly reduce the burden of parenting and support, thereby stimulating young people to hurry up family planning.