In the process of making bio-organic fertilizer fermented from cow manure, it is necessary to pay attention to multiple links to ensure the quality and effect of the final product. Here are some key considerations during the production process:
1. Raw material selection and preparation**
1.*Choose fresh cow manure**: Choose fresh, impurity-free and pollution-free cow dung as raw materials, and avoid using expired or spoiled cow dung to ensure microbial activity during the fermentation process.
2.*Add auxiliary materials**: According to the needs of the fermentation process, some auxiliary materials can be added in an appropriate amount, such as straw, rice husk, etc., to adjust the carbon and nitrogen ratio and promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms.
Second, the selection of fermentation equipment**
1.*Choose the right fermentation vessel**: The fermentation vessel should have the characteristics of good sealing, corrosion resistance, and easy cleaning, such as plastic barrels, cement pools, etc.
2.*Ensure ventilation and heat preservation**: The fermentation process requires the right amount of oxygen** and the right temperature, so the fermentation vessel should be equipped with ventilation facilities and insulation measures.
3. Fermentation process management**
1.*Control the moisture content**: The moisture content of cow manure has a great impact on the fermentation effect, and should generally be controlled between 60%-70%. Too high a moisture content will slow down the fermentation process, and too low will affect the growth of microorganisms.
2.*Adjust pH**: During fermentation, changes in pH affect the activity of microorganisms. Generally, it should be controlled at pH 60-8.0, which can be adjusted by adding substances such as lime.
3.*Temperature control and turning**: The temperature control during the fermentation process is very critical and should generally be kept between 50-60. At the same time, regular turning of the pile can ensure that the cow manure is evenly heated and ventilated, and promote the fermentation effect.
4.*Add microbial agent**: In order to improve the fermentation speed and effect, you can add an appropriate amount of microbial agent, such as compound agent, etc. These microbial agents can accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic matter and improve the quality of organic fertilizer.
Fourth, product post-processing and storage**
1.*Aging and maturation**: The fermented organic fertilizer needs to be aged and matured for a period of time to reduce its biological activity and improve its stability.
2.*Screening & Packaging**: Aged organic fertilizer needs to be screened to remove impurities and stones. It is then packaged for easy storage and transportation.
3.*Storage and transportation**: The storage location of organic fertilizer should be dry, ventilated, and protected from light, avoiding high temperature and humidity. Attention should be paid to moisture, sun protection and breakage during transportation.
5. Quality Control and Safety**
1.*Regular Inspection**: During the production process, the quality of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products should be regularly inspected to ensure that they meet the relevant standards and requirements.
2.*Prevent pollution**: Attention should be paid to prevent the entry of foreign pollutants during the production process, such as heavy metals, pesticides, etc. At the same time, avoid contact with toxic and harmful substances.
3.*Operation Specifications**: Operating procedures and safety specifications should be followed during the production process to ensure the safety and health of staff.
To sum up, there are many aspects that need to be paid attention to in the production process of bio-organic fertilizer fermented by cow manure, including the selection and preparation of raw materials, the selection of fermentation equipment, the management of fermentation process, the post-processing and storage of products, and quality control and safety. Only by doing these things well can we ensure the quality and effect of the final product and provide a high-quality source of organic fertilizer for agricultural production.