Yang Kaihui's father, Mr. Yang Changji, the mentor of **, died in 1920 in the hospital bed of Hunan No. 1 Normal School. As a well-known educator, ethicist and promoter of the New Culture Movement in China's modern history, Mr. Yang Changji's life was full of patriotism and deep concern for the people, and his influence was far-reaching and extensive.
When he was young, Yang Changji studied in Britain and Japan, and devoted his life to exploring the way to save the country and the people, and his greatest wish was to see the country move from war to stability and prosperity.
However, at the last moment of his life, the land of China was still in the midst of warlord warfare, and the country's prospects were bleak, which made Yang Changji deeply regret. Still, two of his students, *** and Cai Hesen, gave him some comfort.
Before he died, he left his last words: "The two sons are the pillars of the country, and their future is immeasurable." If you can't save the country, then you must pay attention to these two people first. ”
Among them, ** is the founder of New China, leading the road of revolution, and his classmate Cai Hesen, although he is low-key, is also an important historical figure.
This can't help but make people wonder, why did Yang Changji juxtapose the two at the last moment of his life? What's the secret behind their story?
Hunan No. 1 Normal is the alma mater of *** and Cai Hesen, which is a unique university. Unlike other universities, Hunan No. 1 Normal School does not charge any tuition and fees, and graduates can directly teach in primary schools.
Although the admission requirements are strict and they need to write essays to score, *** and Cai Hesen successfully entered the school with the good results they obtained in the "On Primary Education" exam, respectively, and began their fate.
Under the leadership of Professor Yang Changji, students not only learn how to become primary school teachers, but also have an in-depth understanding of China's future path.
This laid the foundation for *** to contact Cai Hesen and study Marxism-Leninism.
Cai Hesen's mother, Ge Jianhao, is an independent woman who dares to pursue her self-worth. At the beginning of the last century, in order to oppose her husband's drug addiction, she resolutely decided to divorce and run away from home with her children.
This spirit of challenging tradition and defying difficulties was quite valuable for women at that time. Although her family of origin disowned her because of her aberration, she insisted on providing a good education for her children and encouraging them to broaden their horizons and serve their country through reading.
Therefore, her open-mindedness and selflessness have won the love of *** and many classmates, and her small home has become a gathering place for them to carry out patriotic ***.
Cai Hesen: The founder of the Communist Party of China Cai Hesen, a great name, he is the founder of the Communist Party of China. At that time, although many students had already come into contact with and understood Marxism-Leninism, not a single left-wing party had yet been formed.
However, in a letter in 1918, Cai Hesen expressed his desire to establish a Communist Party: "Mozi advocated this spirit only for the general interests and regardless of personal gains and losses, and Lenin in Russia has done a good job recently, and I am willing to follow their example." ”
He published articles in progressive newspapers and periodicals with *** and others, and got acquainted with Chen Duxiu and others, and with Chen Duxiu's influence, he put forward the proposal of establishing the Communist Party of China, and also became the earliest core member of the Communist Party of China.
**The friendship with Cai Hesen is like solid steel, the difference between the two personalities is like fire and water, ** as hot as fire, dare to innovate, dare to practice, while Cai Hesen is as gentle as hot spring water, humble and polite, calm and calm.
However, this seemingly irreconcilable personality difference does not hinder the friendship between them, but rather forms a perfect complement. Whenever Cai Hesen expressed his opinions, ** always expressed his approval and was willing to listen to his opinions, which was rare in ***'s youth.
As a result, Cai Hesen became the only student who could give his opinion. In 1918, Beiyang ** called on students from all over the country to go to France for work-study, and Cai Hesen was among them.
Every member of the Cai family is extraordinary. In 1919, Cai Hesen's mother, Ge Jianhao, became the first Chinese woman to study in Europe, and at the age of 54, she was the oldest among the students.
The news of her study abroad was widely reported at the time. Cai Hesen not only went by himself, but even his sister Cai Chang became a member of the 1,600 students in that phase.
After arriving in France, Cai Hesen entered the Mondani Boys' High School and brought the Xinmin Society to the French students. The goal of the society is to "transform China and the world".
After the founding of the Communist Party of China, Cai Hesen returned to Beijing to engage in theoretical propaganda work, and was elected as the first executive member of the first ** executive committee, and participated in the formulation of the party's program. He has made significant contributions to the party, and he is basically present in the establishment of the party's early rules and regulations and framework.
Cai Hesen's efforts have enabled the Communist Party of China (CPC) to stand out from the crowd and become a modern, logical, and functioning political party, which has gradually grown and grown.
In 1923, Sun Yat-sen put forward the slogan of "uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party, and helping workers and peasants", which was inseparable from Cai Hesen's efforts. Cai Hesen is one of the important founders of the Communist Party of China, and his theoretical guidance has had a profound impact on the Communist Party of China.
His academic achievements are also extremely outstanding, especially his book "The History of Social Evolution", which is the first work in China to depict the development process of human society with historical materialism, which has had a profound impact on later sociological research.
Cai Hesen was a typical literati, gentle as jade, humble and gentlemanly, but he was not afraid of struggle. In the 20s of the last century, the working class was the lowest group in society, suffering from the double oppression of Beiyang** and foreign capitalists.
On May 15, 1925, the incident at the No. 7 Foreign Cotton Factory in Shanghai sparked the outrage of the whole society, and Cai Hesen actively participated in the struggle to fight for the rights and interests of the Chinese working class.
During this period, Cai Hesen and his students took to the streets, setting off a May Day Movement that shocked the world. Demonstrations were held by workers, students, and industrial and commercial groups in major cities across the country, which quickly developed into an anti-imperialist patriotic movement on a national scale, further expanding the influence of the Communist Party of China and deepening the communist ideology in the hearts of the people.
In the early days of the CCP, international support played a key role. Therefore, in 1925, Cai Hesen was appointed as the representative of the Chinese Communist Party to the Comintern and went to Moscow to attend the Comintern Conference.
Cai Hesen has excellent academic performance and outstanding language talent, he has mastered five foreign languages in his lifetime and can use them proficiently. During his time in Moscow, he was valued by the Soviet Union because of his profound knowledge, and he was specially invited to Sun Yat-sen University to give a lecture on "The Development of the History of the Communist Party of China".
Speaking of socialist development in the birthplace of socialism, Cai Hesen is undoubtedly the first person in history. This has undoubtedly left a strong mark in the history of the development of international communism.
Cai Hesen was a far-sighted revolutionary, he always paid attention to the actual revolutionary line of the Communist Party of China, and even took the lead in putting forward the strategic policy of supporting *** in 1927.
At that time, the Chinese Communist Party was facing an unprecedented crisis, and there were voices within the party advocating "surrendering guns in exchange for survival". However, Cai Hesen resolutely voted for his "elders" and chose to adhere to the line of armed struggle.
Where does this road lead in the future? Is it perdition or victory? No one knew at the time. But Cai Hesen stood on the right path with firm belief, even if the road ahead was full of difficulties and obstacles.
In April 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched a big campaign against the Communist Party in Shanghai, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was completely defeated, and the armed struggle was about to begin.
In that special period, Cai Hesen, the first commissioner of the Communist Party of China, shouldered the heavy responsibility of the leadership of the Northern Bureau, and had to be separated from his beloved wife Xiang Jingyu. Xiang Jingyu, an outstanding student of Hunan Zhounan Girls' School, has a deep revolutionary friendship with Cai Hesen, ** and others, and even followed Cai Hesen to study in France.
On the road of revolution, they knew and loved each other and fought together for the revolutionary cause. Xiang Jingyu's contribution has even been highly praised: "Xiang Jingyu is the only female founder of the Communist Party of China. ”
In the years of the White Terror, Xiang Jingyu stuck to the Hubei Provincial Party Committee and was unswerving. In March 1928, she was betrayed by a traitor. Under the harsh coerced confession of the Kuomintang, she resolutely kept her mouth shut and did not reveal any party secrets.
On May 1 of the same year, she walked fearlessly to the execution ground. Along the way, she was still giving speeches to the masses, and in order to silence her, the Kuomintang military police actually stuffed sand and gravel into her mouth and tied her fiercely with a belt.
Despite the blood in her mouth, she still didn't give in. In the end, Xiang Jingyu died heroically at the Kongping Execution Ground in Yujili, Wuhan, at the age of 33.
The grief of losing his wife did not deter Cai Hesen, but inspired him to revolutionize. At the beginning of 1931, he co-led the work of the whole party with ***, but this was also their last moment of coexistence.
In March of that year, he was reappointed as secretary of the Liangguang Provincial Party Committee, responsible for leading the local work in Guangdong and Guangxi. Guangdong and Guangxi were the places where the Kuomintang was most powerful and full of dangers, but Cai Hesen was undaunted and resolutely carried out the party's tasks.
However, after only three months in office, he suffered the same fate as his wife, Xiang Gongyu: betrayed by a traitor and imprisoned.
After Cai Hesen was extradited back to Guangzhou after Hong Kong**, the Kuomintang agents thought they had caught an important target and tried to obtain information about the Communist Party from him. However, no matter what means they used and how cruel the punishment was, they could not get Cai Hesen to reveal a word.
This emaciated young man seemed to possess a determination and spiritual strength beyond mortals, and the punishment of the Kuomintang agents was no longer of any use to him. After two months of intense interrogation, the Kuomintang agents found that they could not get any clues from Cai Hesen, and finally chose to kill him.
This year, Cai Hesen was only 36 years old.
**Evaluation of Cai Hesen: "Comrade Hesen has done it, and a Communist Party member should do it." ”