Safety requirements for working at height
1. Job grading:
1) The working height h is divided into four sections: 2m h 5m; 5m＜h≤15m；l5m＜h≤30m；h＞30m。
2) The objective risk factors that directly cause the fall are divided into 11 types:
a) Wind gust force 5 (wind speed 80m s);
b) GB T4200 specified grade or above high temperature operation;
c) The working environment with an average temperature equal to or lower than 5;
d) Operation with contact with cold water temperature equal to or lower than 12;
e) There are ice, snow, frost, water, oil and other slippery objects in the operation site;
f) Poor lighting or visibility in the workplace;
g) The distance between the scope of operation activities and the charged body of the dangerous voltage is less than the provisions of Table 1
Table 1: The distance between the operating range and the charged body of the dangerous voltage.
h) Swinging, the foothold is not a plane or only a small plane, i.e. a rectangular plane with a diameter of less than 500mm, a circular plane with a diameter of less than 500mm, or a plane of other shapes with similar dimensions, so that the operator cannot maintain a normal posture;
i) the level or above of physical labor intensity specified in GB3869;
j) the presence of toxic gases or oxygen levels in the air less than 195 of the working environment;
k) The working environment that may cause various disasters and accidents and rescue various disasters that occur suddenly;
3) High-altitude operations without any of the objective risk factors listed in (2) shall be classified according to the Category A method specified in Table 2, and high-altitude operations with one or more objective risk factors listed in (2) shall be classified according to the Category B method specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Classification of work at height.
2. Job requirements.
1) Operators should wear safety belts that meet the requirements of GB6095.
Insulated tools or pressure equalizers should be used for live work at height.
Level height work (more than 30m) should be equipped with communication tools.
2) There should be a special person to supervise the operation at height, and the operator should not rest in the operation place.
3) According to the actual needs, it should be equipped with cages, ladders, foot guards, springboards, etc. that meet the safety requirements of GB26557 and other standards, and the erection of scaffolding should meet the relevant national standards.
4) When working on light materials such as color steel plate roofs, asbestos tiles, and corrugated boards, firm scaffolding boards should be laid and fixed, and anti-skid measures should be taken on the scaffolding.
5) When carrying out operations in places such as venting pipelines or chimneys that emit toxic and harmful gases and dust, contact the relevant personnel at the place of operation in advance to determine the contact method, and equip the operators with necessary protective equipment (such as air respirators, filtering gas masks or masks, etc.) that meet relevant national standards.
6) When working in rainy and snowy days, reliable anti-skid and cold-proof measures should be taken; In case of severe weather such as strong winds and dense fog above level 5, high-altitude operations, open-air climbing and suspended high-altitude operations should not be carried out; After a blizzard, typhoon, or rainstorm, the operation safety facilities should be inspected and the problems found should be dealt with immediately.
7) The tools, materials, and parts used in the operation should be packed into the tool bag, and the hands, and tools, materials, and other items should not be thrown when going up and down. When tools and materials that are easy to slide and roll are stacked on scaffolding, anti-fall measures should be taken.
8) When intersecting with other operations, it should go up and down according to the designated route, and should not work vertically up and down, and reliable isolation measures should be taken if vertical operation is really necessary.
9) When the safety protection facilities are temporarily dismantled or changed due to the necessity of the operation, the consent of the operation approval personnel shall be obtained, and corresponding protective measures shall be taken, and the operation shall be restored immediately.
10) If the operator finds an abnormal situation during the operation, he should send a signal in time and quickly evacuate the scene.
11) When dismantling scaffolding and protective sheds, a warning area should be set up and a special person should be assigned to supervise it, and the upper and lower parts should not be the same.
construction. 3. Management of "Safety Work at Height Certificate".
1) The "Safety Work at Height Certificate" shall be handled by the unit where the construction site is located, and effective safety measures shall be taken to clarify the safety guardian. HSE Department Management.
2) The first-level high-altitude operation and the high-altitude operation on the slope with a slope greater than 45 ° shall be reviewed by the unit where the construction site is located and submitted to the engineering department for approval. Valid for 5 days.
3) Second-level, first-class high-altitude operations and high-altitude operations in the following situations shall be reviewed by the leaders of the unit where the construction site is located, and shall be submitted to the Engineering Department for approval. Valid for 1 day.
Carry out high-altitude operations on or near lifting (hoisting) ports, pits, wells, pools, ditches, holes, etc.;
Work at height in flammable, explosive, poisoning, burn-prone areas or near rotating equipment;
Carry out high-altitude operations on chemical containers, equipment and overhead pipelines such as towers, kettles, furnaces, tanks without platforms and guardrails;
Carry out high-altitude work in towers, kettles, furnaces, tanks and other equipment;
Work at height near vent pipelines or chimneys and equipment that emit toxic and harmful gases and dust.
4) Special high-altitude operations and high-altitude operations in the following situations shall be reviewed by the engineering department and countersigned by the HSE department and submitted to the company's leaders for approval. Valid for 1 day.
Wind gust force 6 (wind speed 10.)8m s);
Work at different temperatures in high temperature (the work site has a productive heat source, and the temperature is higher than the temperature calculated by the outdoor ventilation design in the region in summer2 or more) or low temperature (the temperature is lower than 5);
When it rains; When snowfall;
Nighttime; In the maintenance of power production and power supply and electrical equipment, the operator adopts the ground (zero) potential or equivalent (same) potential operation mode, and the live body is less than 1 at a close distance of 10 kv7m, the distance from 20kV 35kv charged body is less than 20m) or live high-altitude operations on live equipment and lines under the condition of contact with live bodies;
Suspended work at height under conditions with no foothold or no firm foothold.
5) For projects with a long operation period, during the operation period, the person in charge of the operation unit should often conduct on-site inspections, find hidden dangers and rectify them in a timely manner, and make records. If there is a major change in the operating conditions, the "Safe Operation at Height Certificate" should be re-issued.
6) "Permit for Safe Operation at Height" This certificate is in triplicate, after approval: the second joint operation personnel carry it with them for future reference, the third joint is handed over to the guardians, and the first copy is retained by the engineering department (returned when receiving the new certificate).