Nano cuprous oxide is an important nanomaterial with a wide range of application prospects. There are a variety of preparation methods, and several of the commonly used preparation methods will be described in detail below.
1. Physical Law.
Physical methods mainly include vacuum evaporation method, sputtering method, laser pulse method, etc. These methods often need to be carried out under high temperature, high vacuum, or high energy conditions, so the equipment is expensive and difficult to operate. However, the nanoparticles of cuprous oxide prepared by physical method have high purity, good crystallinity, and narrow particle size distribution.
Taking the vacuum evaporation method as an example, copper sheets are placed in a vacuum evaporator and heated to evaporation temperature, so that copper atoms evaporate and oxidize into cuprous oxide nanoparticles. By controlling the evaporation temperature and evaporation rate, the particle size and morphology of nanoparticles can be adjusted.
2. Chemical method.
The chemical method is one of the most commonly used methods for the preparation of cuprous oxide nanometers. The methods mainly include solution method, precipitation method, hydrothermal method, etc. The chemical method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and easy large-scale production, so it has been widely used in practical applications.
The preparation process of the solution method is as follows: a copper salt solution is mixed with a reducing agent so that copper ions are reduced to copper atoms and simultaneously oxidized to cuprous oxide nanoparticles. By controlling the reaction conditions, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, solution concentration, etc., the particle size, morphology and purity of nanoparticles can be controlled.
3. Biological law.
Biomethod is an emerging method for the preparation of nanomaterials, which uses biological resources such as microorganisms or plant extracts as reducing agents or templates to prepare nano-cuprous oxide by biocatalysis or biosynthesis. The biological method has the advantages of environmental protection and sustainability, but it is still in the research stage and there is still a certain distance from practical application.
The microbial method uses certain microorganisms with reducing ability, such as some bacteria or yeast, to reduce copper ions to copper atoms and simultaneously oxidize them to cuprous oxide nanoparticles. By regulating the growth conditions and reaction conditions of microorganisms, the particle size and morphology of nanoparticles can be controlled.
In addition to the above three methods, there are some other preparation methods, such as gas phase method, sol-gel method, etc. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, and in practical applications, it needs to be selected on a case-by-case basis.