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The Pahlavi dynasty was an important period in the history of Iran, before the establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty, Iran was oppressed and invaded by external forces for a long time, such as Mongolia, the Arab Empire, Greece, Turkey, etc.
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Under the rule of these forces, Iran's culture and national identity were severely damaged, and the Iranians began to awaken their national consciousness under difficult circumstances.
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Since the second half of the 19th century, Iran has embarked on domestic political, economic, and cultural reforms, which have gradually strengthened Iranian nationalism.
After the establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi vigorously promoted modernization and Westernization reforms, which further deepened the ideology of Iranian nationalism.
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Islam has always been the dominant religion in Iran, and Islam emphasizes national unity and equality, which has an important impact on Iran's national construction.
In addition, the opposition between Shia Islam and Sunni Islam in Iran has also become an important factor in the awakening of Iran's national consciousness.
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After the establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty, in the process of national modernization, Iran began to come into contact with Western ideas and cultures, which made Iranians begin to think about their own country and nation, so that they had a clearer national consciousness.
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Therefore, the historical motives of the Pahlavi nation's construction mainly include external pressure, internal reform, religious factors, and Western ideology.
The interaction of these factors has promoted the formation and development of Iranian nationalism and promoted the process of Iranian national construction.
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Traditional Ethnic Structure and Ethnic Relations in Iran.
Iran's traditional ethnic structure is complex, with the Persians being the largest ethnic group in Iran, living throughout the country.
Their ancestors were inhabitants of the ancient Persian Empire and were mainly Sunni or Shia Islamists. The Persians played an important role in Iranian history and culture.
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Azerbaijanis live in the northern and northwestern regions of Iran and are predominantly Shia Islamist.
Azerbaijanis are the second largest ethnic group in Iran, and they also hold an important place in Iranian history and culture.
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Kurds live in the Kurdish regions of northwestern and western Iran and are predominantly Sunni Islam.
They also have an important place in Iranian history and culture.
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The Barzans live in the Barzan region of northeastern Iran and practice Sunni Islam predominantly.
They also have a certain place in Iranian history and culture.
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Arabs live mainly in southwestern and southern Iran and are predominantly Sunni Islam.
They also have a certain influence in Iranian history and culture.
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Pakistanis are an ethnic minority in Iran, mainly found in the Jam region in the east.
Most of them are Sunni Islam.
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These are the common ethnic groups in Iran, but in addition to them, there are also ethnic groups such as Armenian, Jewish, Turkmen, Mongolian, Uzbek, Tajik, Kyrgyz, Assam, and Balon.
These groups are all closely related to Iranian history and culture and have contributed to the development and construction of Iran.
Interethnic relations during the Qajar dynasty.
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During the Qajar Dynasty (1389-1497 AD), the caste system of the Indian subcontinent was gradually formed, and as the division of labor in Indian society became more and more detailed, there were more and more exchanges between the various castes.
The development of the Qajar dynasty in the political, cultural, economic and other fields also further promoted the interaction between various ethnic groups.
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Which caste did the rulers of the Qajar dynasty belong to?
Although the Qajars did not explicitly declare themselves to belong to any caste, since their ruling area was located in the Ganges cultural region of the Ravelput region, it can be assumed that they belonged to a high caste, such as Brahmin or verbosity.
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What was the relationship between the various ethnic groups during the Qajar dynasty?
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The Qajar dynasty ruled over six or even seven Hindu sects in North India at that time, namely Brahmanism, Jainism, Jainism, Shivaism, Vishnu, early Hinduism and Islam, as well as various local religions.
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These religions and castes were mixed and blended, and the Qajar dynasty attempted to integrate and unify these diverse elements, and also adopted marriages and the appointment of high-ranking castes in order to maintain stable relations between the various ethnic groups.
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What was the relationship between social classes during the Qajar period?
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During the Qajar dynasty, different castes formed different strata of Indian society, with marked differences in status and power.
The wordy were an important caste under the rule of the Qajar dynasty, they made up the vast majority of the local area, and were the closest caste to the royal family and aristocracy of the Qajar dynasty, and their power and status were very important.
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In fact, the office of any governor and minister is held by wordy people.
However, other castes, such as merchants, peasants, etc., also played an important role, and they contributed to the economic development of the Qajar dynasty.
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In general, during the Qajar period, although there was a caste system in Indian society, there was no isolation between the various ethnic groups.
The Qajar dynasty tried to integrate and unify various elements and maintain relations between people of different castes and their social classes in various ways to ensure the stable development of society.
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Early Persian traditional culture.
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Traditional Persian culture has a long history, dating back to 550 BC with the Achaemenid dynasty in Iran.
After this, Persian culture developed and changed accordingly during the Hellenistic period, the Islamic traditional period, and the modern period. Here are some of the characteristics of the early Persian traditional culture.
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Old Persian is one of the earliest languages in Persian culture, having begun to be written in the 8th century BC.
Here great works appeared, such as "The Biography of Gulev", "Zhannisba Shachname" and "The Integration of Books". Persian poetry has a long history and has played an important role from ancient times to the present day. The themes of Persian poetry are mainly love, nature, religion, etc., and the styles are diverse, expressing emotions and thoughts through beautiful language and rhetorical devices.
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Persia has a wide range of religious beliefs throughout its history, including nomadic religions, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Sikhism, ** religion, Judaism, and Islam.
In the pre-Islamic period, Persian religious beliefs had begun to merge with Greek and Roman civilizations, and after the introduction of Islam, Persia became one of the important centers of Islamic culture.
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Persia is also one of the world's famous art centers, and early Persian art is mainly reflected in architecture, painting, sculpture and textile making.
In these areas, the Persians showed a keen and unique artistic talent, embodying a unique sense of beauty in their works.
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Persian literature has continued to evolve since its emergence in the 8th century AD.
From the 11th century onwards, Persian literature entered its leading period, with many important literary works such as Rumi's Poems of Misso and Sufa and Hafez's Poems of Wine were born here. These works not only have an important place in the history of Persian literature, but also have had a profound impact on Western literature and its development.
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In general, the early Persian traditional culture had a strong religious atmosphere, attached importance to poetry and literature, and at the same time embarked on its own unique development path in terms of art. These characteristics also played a corresponding role in the development of Persian culture later.
From the Traditional State to the Nation-State: The Dilemma of Iran's Historical Shift and Identity.
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Iran is a country with a long history, once the center of the Persian Empire and the Sassanid Empire.
In the early 20th century, a series of political, economic, and social changes took place in Iran, which led to a historical turn and a dilemma of identity.
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Iran underwent a modernization process in the early 20th century.
During this period, King Mohdi Reza Pahlavi carried out a series of reforms, including the development of agriculture, industry, education, and infrastructure, which had a great impact on the middle class and intellectuals in the cities, in particular.
At the same time, a general nationalist movement began in Iran, where Iranians began to emphasize their Iranian identity rather than religious one. This prompted a historical turn in Iran, transforming from a traditional state to a nation-state.
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However, in the mid-20th century, Iran once again underwent political and social changes.
Iran's leader, Sadat Hussein Mousavi, sought to introduce a series of reforms to Iran, including land reform, nationalization of industries, and the promotion of women's and labor rights.
However, these reforms met with opposition from Islamic conservatives and culminated in the Islamic Revolution of 1979. The revolution overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established the Islamic Republic. This event redefined Iran's historical turn and identity.
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Now, Iran is still in a dilemma of identity.
The Islamic Republic promotes Islamic values, but Iran's youth and middle class prefer to attribute their identity to Iran's national identity.
At the same time, there are political contradictions in the country, and the differences between conservatives and reformers have led to political tensions. These problems have left Iran in a state of confusion and instability.
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Challenges to the nation-building of the Pahlavi dynasty.
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The Pahlavi dynasty undertook a series of modernization reforms in the early 20th century, hoping to transform Iran into a modern state and establish an identity as a nation-state.
However, it faces many challenges in terms of national construction.
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The first challenge is the influence of Islam.
Iran is one of the most important Shia Muslim countries in the world, and Iran** uses Islam as the basis of its national identity.
This made it necessary for the Pahlavi dynasty to strike a balance between Islam and Iran's national identity as they tried to construct a nation-state identity.
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The second challenge is cultural diversity.
Iran is a multi-ethnic country that includes dozens of ethnic groups such as Persians, Kurds, Azerbaijans, Arabs, and others.
These peoples have unique cultures and languages, so it is necessary to consider how to balance the rights and identities of each ethnic group when conducting nation-building.
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The third challenge is the influence of traditional culture.
The Pahlavi dynasty was founded on the historical Persian and Islamic cultures. There is a conflict between these traditional cultures and modern values, and it is important to consider how to balance them when building a nation.
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Finally, there are external challenges, such as the influence of Westernization and the introduction of new cultures.
These challenges have led some young people and intellectuals in Iranian society to begin to question the significance of traditional culture and religion and seek their own identity and identity. Therefore, the Pahlavi dynasty had to face both internal and external challenges in its nation-building.
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