In ".XunziIn the 13th chapter of the "Minister's Way".XunziFour different types of courtiers were proposed, namely the sycophantic type, the usurper type, the meritorious type, and the sage type. He pointed out that flattering courtiers were the worst, because they were not only unable to unify the population, but also to defend themselves against invasion. Instead, they use rhetoric to get itSovereignof favor, and eventually destroy the country. And the usurper courtiers, although capable, are used in the wrong direction, and they are good at deceiving the peopleSovereign, the pursuit of personal interests and power. Meritorious courtiers can unify the people, resist external hardships, and be loyalSovereignand love the people. And the best courtiers are those who are both respectfulSovereignHe is also a sage-type courtier who cares for the people, is able to carry out policies and decrees, educates and reforms, copes with various difficulties and changes, and conforms to etiquette and law. XunziIt is believed that the appointment of sage courtiers can be the king of the world, the appointment of meritorious courtiers can lead to the hegemony of the princes, and the appointment of courtiers who usurp the monarchy is dangerous, and the appointment of sycophantic courtiers will lead to the demise of the state.
In the 14th chapter of the "Letters,".XunziThe qualities that a true Magi should possess are discussed. He emphasized that the Magi must follow morality and not follow itSovereignThey should have independent thinking and acting principles. XunziIt is pointed out that the Magi will not listen to those who praise each other, nor will they accept those who slander and offend the virtuous, and they will not approach those who are suspicious and bury the virtuous, nor will they accept bribes. He also warned that the Magi should be cautious about unfounded rumors, doctrines, events, schemes, reputations, and complaints, and that they should be verified through official channels, and that rewards and punishments should be given according to the results.
Finally,XunziFour criteria for being a teacher are mentioned: dignity, prestige, self-denial, and preaching. He stresses that erudition is not a necessary condition to become a teacher. Teachers can be made by those who are dignified and awe-inspiring, who are old and prestigious, who read and interpret the scriptures and strictly follow their behavior, and who are well-versed in subtle truths and can explain them clearly. In ".XunziIt seems that a true teacher must not only have a wide range of knowledge, but more importantly, be able to impart knowledge and answer doubts.
In summary,XunziThere are clear standards and requirements for the description of courtiers and Magi. He emphasized loyaltyEthicsand the importance of principles, rather than just treating loyalty as blind obedience and obedienceSovereign。Requirements for becoming a teacher,XunziDignity, prestige, self-denial, and preaching were considered more important than erudition. These ideas are still instructive to us today, and we can adopt themXunziThinking and borrowing from ideas to better understand and apply to real-life educational and leadership roles.