Summary:China is the world's largest soybean consumer, with the development of China's economy in recent years, the demand for soybeans in feed, soybean products, edible oil and other downstream fields continues to grow. In terms of output, driven by the support of China's relevant policies, the continuous improvement of the level of agricultural mechanization, and the increase in soybean planting area and yield, China's soybean output has continued to grow in recent years. Data shows that China's soybean production in 2022 will be about 405700 million catties, equivalent to 202850,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 237%；Consumption is about 11124360,000 tons, down 1 percent year-on-year2%。
OneDefinitions and Classification
Soybean, known as soybean in ancient China, is a legume whose seeds are rich in protein. Soybeans are oval-shaped and spherical in shape, and are most commonly used to make various soy products, pressed soybean oil, soy sauce refining and protein refining. Okara or soybeans ground into a coarse meal are also commonly used in livestock feed. According to the seed color and grain shape of soybean, it can be divided into five categories: yellow soybean, green soybean, black soybean, feed bean and other soybean.
II. II. II, industry policy
As a major consumer of soybeans in the world, China's domestic soybean ** is very limited, and its dependence on imports is more serious. In recent years, in order to promote the development of domestic soybeans and alleviate the pressure on soybean imports, relevant state departments have successively issued a series of relevant policies to promote soybean production capacity from soybean planting and related agricultural machinery. As pointed out in the "Implementation Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Implementing the Key Work Deployment of Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalization in 2023" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in February 2023, the yield improvement project of major grain and oil crops will be launched with soybeans and corn as the focus; Reasonably set the subsidy standards for corn and soybean producers, implement the pilot project of soybean full cost insurance and planting income insurance, vigorously promote grain and bean rotation in Northeast China, and moderately carry out rice to bean. Stabilize the implementation scale of soybean and corn strip composite planting in Northwest China, and expand the promotion area in Southwest China, Huanghuaihai and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Promote cotton-bean rotation and develop wheat-soybean rotation in alternate years in the second-best cotton area of Xinjiang. Steadily develop saline-alkali land and remediate abandoned land to plant soybeans. Accelerate the breeding of special varieties for soybean and corn strip compound planting and the transformation and promotion of supporting agricultural machinery.
Three, development history
China is the homeland of soybeans, and China is still the fourth largest producer of soybeans in the world. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, China's demand for meat, eggs, milk and edible vegetable oil has been increasing in recent years, and the demand for soybeans in China has increased year by year. Restricted by the small increase in domestic soybean production, imported soybeans have increased sharply, China has rapidly transformed from a net exporter of soybeans in the 90s of the 20th century to the world's largest soybean importer, since the reform and opening up, the development process of China's soybean industry can be roughly divided into four stages.
Four, industry barriers
Technical barriers
The technical barriers of the soybean industry are mainly reflected in planting, processing, research and development. In terms of planting, it is necessary to master advanced planting techniques, such as precision sowing, fertilization, irrigation, etc., to improve the yield and quality of soybeans. In terms of processing, it is necessary to master advanced processing technologies, such as soybean protein extraction, soybean oil processing, etc., to improve the added value and quality of products. In terms of research and development, it is necessary to invest a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to carry out the breeding of new varieties and the research and development of planting technology to meet market demand and promote the development of the industry.
Talent barriers
The talent barriers in the soybean industry are mainly reflected in planting, processing, and sales. In terms of planting, it is necessary to have professional planting technology and management capabilities, and be able to formulate reasonable planting plans and management measures according to factors such as market demand and climatic conditions. In terms of processing, it is necessary to have professional processing technology and quality control capabilities to ensure the quality and safety of products. In terms of sales, it is necessary to have market development and sales capabilities, be able to sell products to domestic and foreign markets, and establish stable sales channels.
Financial barriers
The financial barriers in the soybean industry are mainly reflected in investment and operation. In terms of investment, a large amount of money needs to be invested in the purchase of equipment, leasing land, and purchasing seeds and fertilizers to support the cultivation and processing of soybeans. On the operational side, it is necessary to maintain stable cash flow and financial position to cope with market fluctuations and operational risks.
R&D barriers
R&D barriers in the soybean industry are mainly reflected in the development of new products and technologies. It is necessary to invest a lot of R&D funds and human resources to carry out new variety breeding, planting technology research and development, processing technology research and development, etc., so as to promote the innovation and development of the soybean industry. At the same time, it is also necessary to establish a sound R&D system and intellectual property protection mechanism to protect the core technology and intellectual property rights of enterprises.
Five, industrial chain
The upstream of the soybean industry chain is mainly seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural machinery and other industries; The midstream is the planting and processing of soybeans; The downstream is the application market, which is mainly used in food, feed, edible oil, industry and other fields.
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