Urban sewage treatment process is an important part of urban environmental governance, which is related to the ecological environment of the city and the quality of life of residents. With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of urban sewage generated is increasing, and how to effectively treat this sewage to prevent it from causing harm to the environment and human health has become an important issue in front of us.
First, the significance of urban sewage treatment.
The significance of urban sewage treatment is significant. First of all, sewage treatment is a necessary means to protect the water environment and improve water quality. Urban sewage contains a large amount of nutrients such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as harmful substances such as heavy metals, viruses, bacteria, etc., which will seriously damage the water ecological balance and affect water quality safety if it is not directly discharged into the natural water body after treatment. Secondly, sewage treatment is an inevitable requirement for sustainable urban development. With the advancement of urbanization, urban water consumption is increasing, and the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is becoming increasingly prominent. Sewage treatment can realize the recycling of water resources, alleviate the pressure of water shortage, and provide a guarantee for the sustainable development of cities.
Second, the main process of urban sewage treatment.
The municipal sewage treatment process mainly includes three methods: physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment.
1.Physical processing.
Physical treatment is the first step in sewage treatment, which mainly includes process links such as grid, grit remover and primary sedimentation tank. The grid is used to remove large impurities and suspended solids in the sewage, the grit tank removes the sand and inorganic particles in the sewage through sedimentation, and the primary sedimentation tank further removes the suspended solids and colloidal substances in the sewage. The main purpose of physical treatment is to reduce the burden and improve the efficiency of subsequent biological treatment.
2.Chemical treatment.
Chemical treatment is a process that converts harmful substances in sewage into harmless or low-toxic substances by adding chemical agents to sewage on the basis of physical treatment. Common chemical treatment methods include neutralization, precipitation, oxidation, reduction, etc. Chemical treatment can effectively remove harmful substances such as heavy metals, phosphorus, and nitrogen in sewage, and improve the water quality of sewage.
3.Biological treatment.
Biological treatment is the core link of sewage treatment, which mainly uses the metabolic action of microorganisms to decompose the organic matter in the sewage into inorganic matter to achieve the purification of sewage. Biological treatment mainly includes activated sludge method, biofilm method, anaerobic treatment and other processes. Activated sludge method is a widely used biological treatment method, by cultivating a large number of microorganisms in the sludge, so that the sludge is in full contact with the sewage, and the degradation of microorganisms is used to remove organic matter in the sewage. The biofilm method is to use the microorganisms on the biofilm to degrade the organic matter in the sewage, and the common biofilm methods include biological filters, biological turntables, etc. Anaerobic treatment is the use of anaerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter in sewage into methane and carbon dioxide and other gases under anaerobic conditions to achieve sewage purification.
3. Optimization and innovation of urban sewage treatment process.
With the continuous progress of science and technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the urban sewage treatment process is also constantly optimized and innovated. On the one hand, by improving the sewage treatment process, the treatment efficiency and water quality standards are improved. For example, high-efficiency sedimentation tanks, advanced treatment and other technologies are used to further improve the treatment effect of sewage. On the other hand, we are actively exploring new wastewater treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors (MBR) and constructed wetlands, to achieve more efficient and environmentally friendly sewage treatment. In addition, the intelligent management of sewage treatment facilities should be strengthened, the operation efficiency should be improved, energy consumption and drug consumption should be reduced, and the sustainable development of sewage treatment should be realized.
4 Challenges and prospects of urban sewage treatment process.
While significant progress has been made in municipal wastewater treatment processes, many challenges remain. First of all, the construction and operating costs of sewage treatment facilities are high, which limits their popularity and application. Secondly, secondary pollutants such as sludge and exhaust gas generated in the sewage treatment process also need to be effectively treated. In addition, with the rapid development of urbanization, the demand for wastewater treatment is also increasing, which puts forward higher requirements for sewage treatment processes.
Looking to the future, the municipal wastewater treatment process will develop in the direction of being more efficient, more environmentally friendly and smarter. On the one hand, through technological innovation and process optimization, the efficiency and water quality standards of sewage treatment are improved; On the other hand, we should actively explore new sewage treatment technologies and models, such as distributed sewage treatment and ecological sewage treatment, to meet the needs of urban development. At the same time, the construction and operation management of sewage treatment facilities should be strengthened, and the operational efficiency and stability of the facilities should be improved, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of the city.
In short, the urban sewage treatment process is an important part of urban environmental governance, which is of great significance for protecting the water environment, improving water quality, and promoting sustainable urban development.
Domestic sewage treatment equipment