During the War of Liberation, the configuration of our army's five major field armies was luxurious.
The most critical military and political commanders: the commanders and political commissars of the five armies are all at the level of the founding marshal: General Peng of the first field who served as the commander, *** marshal of the second field, ** marshal of the third field, General Lin of the fourth field and *** marshal of the North China Military Region.
The political commissar candidates of the five major field armies are also at the marshal level: the first field is concurrently served by General Peng, the political commissar of the second field is Deng Gong, the third field is concurrently served by Chen Shuai, and the fourth field political commissar is the founding marshal *** The North China Military Region is concurrently served by Nie Shuai.
Only in the position of deputy commander, the configuration of the five major field armies is somewhat special.
Yiye (Xiye) has the smallest troops, less than 160,000 people, but it is equipped with 2 deputy commanders, that is, Zhang Zongxun, who was born in Hongyi, and Zhao Shoushan, who revolted on the battlefield; Nino (Nakano) had 280,000 troops, but there was no deputy commander; Sanye (Huaye) has an army of 830,000, and the deputy commander is only Su Yu.
The strength of the four fields (east fields) is the strongest of the five field armies, with more than one million field troops, but Lin Zong is also not equipped with a deputy commander; The North China Military Region, which has only 250,000 people, is equipped with 3 deputy commanders, Teng Daiyuan and Xiao Ke.
Why are the same field armies, the second field *** and the fourth field Lin total not equipped with deputy commanders?
First of all, field armies and military districts are two concepts, and the two exist in parallel.
Throughout the five major military regions during the Liberation War (the Southwest Military Region was established after the founding of New China), the post of deputy commander was basically allocated. However, at the level of the field army within the military district, the configuration is different.
Under normal circumstances, the field army is subordinate to the military region, except for the first field (West field).
Yiye (Xiye) grew up in the Northwest Military Region, but the head of Yiye, Mr. Peng, was higher in rank than the head of the Northwest Military Region, Mr. He, because Peng was always the deputy commander-in-chief of our army and the commander and political commissar of Yiye, so Yiye had no affiliation with the Northwest Military Region.
The main reason for this special phenomenon is the position relationship between Mr. Peng and Mr. He.
Since Hu Zongnan marched into northern Shaanxi, in order to defend Yan'an, the field troops of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region and the Jinsui Military Region had to form a fist, which was the predecessor of Yiye, the Northwest Field Corps and the Northwest Field Army, with General Peng as commander and political commissar.
The deputy general of our army personally went into battle, which was forced by the situation. Therefore, Mr. He, who had been in charge of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningjin-Sui Joint Defense Army and the Jinsui Field Army, retreated to the second line for the sake of the overall situation and served as the commander of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningjin-Sui Military Region and the Northwest Military Region.
After the establishment of Xiye, Zhang Zongxun, who served as Mr. He's deputy in the Jinsui Field Army, became Mr. Peng's deputy.
After the uprising of Zhao Shoushan, in order to balance the relationship between the rebel forces, he became the second deputy commander of Nishino (Ichino). After the reorganization of the whole army, these two deputy commanders continued to stay in their posts, participated in the war to liberate the great northwest, and made contributions to the birth of New China.
The setting of the deputy commander of Mino (Huano) is completely different from that of Ichino (Nishino).
If you say that the two deputy commanders of Yiye are completely assistants to President Peng. When it comes to Sanno (Huaye), it's a different story. In the East China Battlefield, the commander and political commissar is more of a checkpoint for overall planning, and Su Yu, as the deputy commander, is the actual military commander, which is also unique among the five major field armies.
In the East China Battlefield, the East China Military Region was formed by the merger of the New Fourth Army, the Shandong Military Region, and the Central China Military Region, with the commander being the commander of the New Fourth Army, and the political commissar and deputy commanders being Political Commissar Rao and Zhang Yunyi of the New Fourth Army respectively. As the East China Field Army under the jurisdiction of the Military Region, the commander and political commissar are also the first, but the military command mainly relies on the deputy Su Yu.
After the establishment of the Great Central Plains Military Region, he was transferred to Liu Deng's deputy, commander and acting political commissar of Su Yu.
This was a good move by the chairman to "vacate the cage for birds", to coordinate the local affairs of the Central Plains Military Region, which was short of manpower, and Su Yu was fully responsible for the command of the Huaye troops and let go of the organization of the campaign.
This is the transition of the three major battles, Huaye returned after being reorganized into Sanye, and Su Yu is still the deputy.
Next, let's analyze the situation of Liu Deng Erye and Lin Luo Siye.
There was a huge disparity in the strength of the two fields (Nakano) and the four fields (Higashino), but the chairman did not appoint them with deputy commanders. But Nino (Nakano) never had a deputy, while Shino (Higashino) had a deputy for a long time.
The predecessor of Erye (Zhongye) was the Shanxi-Hebei-Lu-Henan Field Army, mainly the 129th Division.
Chairman ***, the military chief officer of Erye, was very familiar with it as early as the Red Army period, and during the Long March, he jointly performed good dramas such as the four crossings of Chishui. During the Anti-Japanese War, although the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army had a deputy division commander, most of the time these two military strategists were in charge.
During the War of Liberation, the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Field Army strengthened the Yellow River and took the lead in launching a strategy.
In order to support Liu Deng's field army and Chen Xie Group's attack on the outside line, the chairman once again asked the first line of fire to "join" the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, while sending fresh blood to Liu Deng's army, while training 50,000 second-line troops and preparing to conquer Shanxi.
The chairman is convinced of the competence of the marshal. Therefore, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region is equipped with 3 deputies Teng Daiyuan and Wang Hongkun, and the Central Plains Military Region has deputies ***, but there has been no deputy commander at the field army level.
Siye does not have a deputy commander, but it is different from the second ** of ***.
The predecessor of Siye was Dongye, and further back to the Northeast People's Liberation Army, the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, and the Northeast People's Autonomous Army.
The Northeast People's Autonomous Army, established in October 1945, had four deputy commanders
Lu Zhengcao from Jinsui, Li Yunchang from Jireliao, Zhou Baozhong from the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation, and Xiao Jinguang from Yan'an. Among these four famous generals, Xiao Jinguang and Mr. Lin were urgently transferred to the Northeast on the way to the Shandong Military Region.
Three months later, due to Li Yunchang's return to Jinchaji, Mr. Lin's deputy was reduced to 3.
Although these three deputy commanders are still nominally General Lin's deputies, they have all gone deep into the construction and consolidation of base areas in the second-level military region, and the division of labor has gradually been refined since then. When Siye changed its name, Lu Zhengcao went to the railway department, Zhou Baozhong went to work in the local area, and Xiao Jinguang transformed into the commander of the 12th Corps of Siye's advance corps.
After the three major battles, Siye's task was to liberate the central and southern regions, and General Lin and the new chief of staff Xiao Ke commanded 500,000 troops to cross the river and go south. In view of the fact that General Lin's command style was often to command down to the division level, the chairman did not appoint a deputy commander to Siye.
Unlike the four major field armies, the North China Military Region did not form a unified field army.
In May 1948, Liu Deng, Chen Xie and other main forces of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army established the Great Central Plains Military Region. Teng Daiyuan, who stayed behind in the rear of Shanxi, Hebei, Luyu, and several columns, "joined" Jinchaji.
In this way, the Jin-Cha-Ji and the Jin-Hebei-Lu-Henan military region were transformed into the North China Military Region. The number one commander of the military region is Nie Shuai, and the three deputy commanders are Teng Daiyuan, who has recently "joined", and Xiao Ke, who has been fighting in Jinchaji.
In the previous period of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, a field army was formed three times:
The first time was after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, in order to prevent the outbreak of war, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region successively formed two field armies, which were led by Xiao Ke. However, it was not long before it was withdrawn because of peace talks and disarmament.
The second time was at the beginning of the All-Out Liberation War, when Xiao Ke served as commander and ** as political commissar. However, in the subsequent Datong Jining Battle and Zhangjiakou Defense Battle, the performance was not outstanding, and the establishment of the field army was revoked again.
The third time was in June 1947, under the personal guidance of Mr. Zhu, the Jin-Cha-Ji Field Army was formed for the third time, with Yang Dezhi as the commander and Yang Chengwu as the political commissar. After the battles of Qingfengdian and Shijiazhuang, Jinchaji and Shanxi, Hebei and Luyu were connected.
The North China Military Region is the "Imperial Forest Army" and the general reserve of the whole army, and the Corps can form the North China Field Army at any time if the battle of crossing the river does not go well. However, as the fighting on the Southern Front was progressing very well, the formation plan of the North China Field Army was put on hold.