South Korea moved its capital, and Sejong City was lonely
The capital of South Korea is Seoul, and the administrative capital is located in Sejong Special Self-Governing City, south of Seoul. Seoul once held an important place in Korean history and was known as Seoul until 2005.
In 1388, Yi Sung-gye took power in Goryeo, and in 1392 he established the Joseon Dynasty. He found that Kaijing lacked "royal spirit" and decided to move the capital to Hanyang.
Why is Kaesong located in Hanyang? On the one hand, Hanyang is located in the core area of the Korean Peninsula and has obvious geographical advantages; On the other hand, the environment of Hanyang is also very good, surrounded by mountains, with Bukakak Mountain and North Hansan Mountain to the north, Gwanaksan Mountain and Namsan Mountain to the south, and Inwangsan Mountain and Naksan Mountain to the west, forming a basin in the middle, and the Han River passes from east to west.
Hanyang was the capital of the Goryeo Dynasty and later moved back to Kaegyeong. In 1394, Yi Sung-gye set the capital in Hanyang, and the city was officially named Seoul.
In 1948, Korea declared its independence, and Seoul became the capital of the new Korea. However, the changes on the Korean Peninsula have not stopped. In 1961, South Korean Army Major General Park Chung-hee staged a military coup d'état and succeeded in seizing power.
Under his leadership, the Korean state experienced a period of stability from 1961 to 1979. After consolidating power, Park Chung-hee made economic development his top priority.
South Korea's geographical location is not advantageous, with mountains taking up most of the country's land and plains being small, with only about one-fifth of the total area of arable land.
However, South Korea has a long coastline and some deep-water harbors along the coast, which is a unique advantage. During his administration, South Korea vigorously developed industry and import and export**, creating an economic miracle"Miracle of the Han River", so that South Korea gradually became an industrial country from a backward agricultural country.
During the industrialization of South Korea, the southern topography of the Korean Peninsula had a significant impact on the development of Seoul. Many people flock to Seoul from all over South Korea in search of job opportunities.
This process has driven Seoul's population and city size to expand. In 1974, the opening of the Seoul subway further led to the development of the area around Seoul.
The Han River divides Seoul into two large natural areas, Gangbuk and Gangnam. In the 80s of the 20th century, Seoul** decided to relocate some institutions to the Gangnam area, which led to the rapid development of the Gangnam area.
In 1986, Seoul successfully hosted the Asian Games. Four years later, in 1988, the 24th Summer Olympics were held in Seoul. In 2002, Seoul was honored to host the opening ceremony of the 2002 FIFA World Cup.
In 2005, South Korea** officially changed the Chinese name of Seoul to Seoul.
Seoul: The Considerations Behind South Korea's Capital Relocation In the 70s of the 20th century, there was a voice in South Korea to move the capital. Although Seoul has an important place in Korean history and modernity, however, with the development of South Korea, Seoul's"Bloated"The problem is becoming more and more apparent.
With an area of only about 605 square kilometers and a population of about 9.9 million in 2020, Seoul accounts for about one-fifth of South Korea's economy. Therefore, moving the capital became a possible solution.
Seoul is the capital of South Korea and the heart of its capital's economic circle. According to the data, Seoul and its surrounding areas have a population of about 24 million people, and the size of this economic circle is close to half of the total population of South Korea.
Seoul has an abundant educational resources, a large car market, and a dense population, but it also faces problems such as transportation, pollution, and prices.
The problem of uneven administrative divisions and economic development in South Korea. Seoul and Busan, the two largest metropolitan areas in South Korea, are located in the north and south of the country respectively, and have strong economic power and population size.
However, this economic centralization has led to a massive flow of resources and talent from other regions to Seoul and Busan, resulting in a long-term restriction of the development of the central region of South Korea and sparking discontent in the central region.
In addition, Seoul is adjacent to the 38th parallel, the military demarcation line of North Korea, and the two countries have been in a state of hostility for a long time, which also brings challenges to South Korea.
The relocation of the capital of Seoul actually brought about the separation of the two capitals. Although Sejong City is set as the administrative capital, Seoul is still the most important political center, and key national departments such as the government, the National Assembly, the Ministry, the Ministry of Defense, and the government are still located in Seoul.
Although Sejong City has accepted the relocation of several ** departments, its popularity has not reached the height of Seoul, therefore, Sejong City is more like the companion capital of Seoul, highlighting the lonely status of Seoul.
Some countries have done a clean job of moving their capitals, such as Brazil and Pakistan. Brazil began construction of Brasilia in 1956, and by the time it was completed in 1960, all the ** institutions had moved from Rio de Janeiro to the new capital.
Pakistan also began to build Islamabad in 1960, and then temporarily moved the capital to Rawalpindi, which is very close to Islamabad, in 1965, and officially moved the capital to Islamabad in 1967.
The relocation of the capital of these countries is very simple, unlike South Korea, which retains the accompanying capital after moving the capital.
Learn about the history of the relocation of the capital of Korea. In 2002, Roh Moo-hyun, the candidate of the New Millennium Democratic Party, proposed a plan to relocate the capital to the central part of the country, which was supported by many voters in the central part of the country.
After Roh Moo-hyun was elected, he fulfilled his promise. The National Assembly of the Republic of Korea passed the Special Law on Balanced National Development and the Special Law on Decentralization to balance the relationship between Seoul, the new administrative capital and the economic capital.
In December 2003, the National Assembly passed the Special Law on the New Administrative Capital, but this decision was opposed by the Seoul City Council, as many Seoul "vested interests" also opposed the relocation of the capital.
In 2004, South Korea** announced four candidate locations, and in the end, the location on the border between Yeongi-gun, Chungcheongnam-do and Gongju was selected as the administrative capital for its highest rating.
Then, there was an open call for the name of the administrative capital, and "Sejong" was finally selected from more than 2,000 names. The name Sejong is taken from the Korean Dynasty's *** monarch Yi Yan, who was a monarch who was both civil and military, and who also founded the Korean national script - Hunmin Jeongyin.
Sejong is a city located more than 100 kilometers south of Seoul, covering an area of about 465 square kilometers, and has been under construction since 2007. On the issue of moving the capital, there have always been two very different voices.
In 2004, the Constitutional Court of South Korea found that the relocation of the capital was unconstitutional, and Roh Moo-hyun** made Sejong the administrative center of the city through the administrative relocation of the capital, which means that the relocation of the capital of South Korea will lead to the coexistence of two capitals.
In 2009, Lee Myung-bak and Chung Won-chan planned to revise Sejong's original plan, believing that the relocation of the capital would be a waste of administrative resources, which caused a strong reaction, especially among many people in central China.
The relocation of the capital in South Korea has not only led to antagonism between the ruling and opposition parties, but also differences and controversies within the same political party.
Seoul is the historical capital of South Korea, with deep power and a unique geographical location, sitting in the heart of the Korean Peninsula, so its position as the capital of South Korea is hard to shake.
However, the Special Self-Governing City of Sejong, established in 2012, has also become the administrative capital of South Korea, although it may still be relatively unknown to many people.