Li Lisan was an important leader of our party in the early days, but few people know that he and *** were not only Hunan villagers, but also knew each other very early, and in the past half century, these two proletarian revolutionaries had several exchanges that were not well known, and a very special comradeship was formed between them.
In 1915, ***, who was studying at Hunan No. 1 Normal School, placed an advertisement in a newspaper in Changsha under the pseudonym of "Twenty-Eight Painting Students", hoping to make like-minded friends in various schools in Changsha. Luo Zhanglong, who was in Changsha No. 1 United Middle School, responded first and made friends with ***.
*** in youth
Not long after, Luo Zhanglong introduced his friend Li Lisan to ***. **After meeting with Li Lisan, he directly talked to him about his personal views on national affairs and self-cultivation, Li Lisan was deeply touched after hearing it, he thought that although he was only 6 years older than himself, he was already very mature, and his knowledge was far worse than him. In the end, after listening to ***'s speech, Li Lisan had nothing to say, so he hurriedly left.
Later, when he talked to an American reporter about his past friends, he said that he had made a total of "three and a half friends", one was Luo Zhanglong, the other two later became extremely reactionary youths, and the other half was Li Lisan, because Li Lisan left immediately after listening to him at that time, and his friendship with him did not develop.
After Li Lisan and *** separated, he went to France in 1919 to work and study, and joined the Communist Party of China after returning to China in November 1921. In late December 1922, Li Lisan came to Changsha to engage in revolutionary activities with a letter of introduction, and met again with ***, who was already the head of the party organization in Hunan District
Li Lisan in his youth.
** found that Li Lisan at this time was no longer the timid young man he was back then, he enthusiastically introduced the revolutionary situation in China to Li Lisan at that time, and hoped that Li Lisan would go to work in Anyuan and light the first fire of the Hunan workers' movement.
Soon after Li Lisan arrived in Anyuan, he led the famous Anyuan Road miners' strike with ***, and since then he has become famous and has become the leader of the national labor movement. After the Sixth National Congress of the Party, due to the influence of Li Lisan and the support of the Comintern, he was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo and head of the Propaganda Department, and in fact became the main leader of the Party.
At this time, *** had already opened up a revolutionary base in Jinggangshan, and he wrote a letter to Li Lisan, hoping that he could help contact his wife Yang Kaihui and children in Changsha. Later, after Yang Kaihui** died, Mao Anying and Mao Anqing brothers lived on the streets, and Li Lisan instructed the relevant departments to do everything possible to find them and try to transfer them to Moscow to study.
However, in June 1930, due to the influence of the Comintern, Li Lisan made a serious "leftist" mistake, and he formulated a national general insurrection plan centered on Wuhan, fantasizing that he could "join Wuhan" and "drink the Yangtze River".
** and others resolutely opposed Li Lisan's adventurous policy, and strongly advocated continuing to surround the city with the countryside, but at this time Li Lisan was already the superior of ***, and he sarcastically ridiculed ***'s "guerrilla warfare" as "fleeing, running, and leaving". In accordance with the organizational principle of subordinate obedience to superiors, ** had to carry out orders from **.
On September 24, 1930, under the auspices of Qu Qiubai and **, the Third Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Shanghai, which ended Li Lisan's erroneous line.
At the end of 1930, Li Lisan went to Moscow to report to the Comintern, and he stayed in the Soviet Union for 15 years. During his stay in the Soviet Union, Li Lisan profoundly realized his mistakes and made many public reviews.
In 1945, Guo Moruo visited the Soviet Union, and after Li Lisan learned about it, he specially asked him to bring a letter of his own to ***. **After seeing Li Lisan's letter, I was very appreciative of his mistakes and corrected them. Soon after, at the "Seventh National Congress" of the party, Li Lisan was elected as a member of the first committee at the suggestion of ***.
Li Lisan made a speech.
In 1946, Li Lisan finally returned to China, and under the pseudonym "Li Minran", he stayed in the Northeast to work, and successively served as a member of the Northeast Bureau of the Communist Party of China, the Minister of the Enemy Industry Department, and the Minister of Urban Industry. On one occasion, when a certain unit often asked Li Lisan to give a lecture on the history of the party, he talked about the mistakes of the "Lisan line" and analyzed the reasons for its formation and the personal responsibility of the leader. After Li Lisan finished speaking, everyone thought that his lecture was very good, but some people asked him: "How do you know what the person who made a mistake thinks?" ”
Li Lisan replied frankly: "I am Li Lisan. ”
After a brief silence, the venue burst into thunderous applause. Many people who listened to that lecture later recalled: "After listening to that lecture, I realized what the open-mindedness and self-critical spirit of the old revolutionary are. ”
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Lisan successively served as Minister of Labor and Secretary of the North China Bureau. In September 1956, at the "Eighth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China, Li Lisan once again took the initiative to conduct a profound review, and his speech embodied the serious self-criticism spirit of a Communist Party member, which won the appreciation of all the deputies. At the "Eighth National Congress", Li Lisan was re-elected as a member of the first committee.
Li Lisan and his wife.
However, on February 27, 1957, when he made a report on "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" at the Supreme State Council, Li Lisan, Wang Ming, Zhang Guotao and others were mentioned together as a typical example of "bad people" among intellectuals. Li Lisan attended this meeting, he listened to ***'s criticism of himself, very unhappy, and after returning home, he wrote a long letter to *** to complain, the letter was written like this:
Chair:Later, after seeing Li Lisan's letter, he accepted his opinion. On June 19, 1957, when the "People's **" officially published this speech, Li Lisan's name was not mentioned.After listening to your report on "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People," I was overjoyed and felt a little unpleasant. The reason why I feel a little unpleasant is that you mentioned me and Zhang Guotao and Wang Ming in the report as examples of intellectuals and bad people. To be honest, I can't figure this out.
Of course, Li Lisan's line is very bad, and it can be used as a bad example to educate party members at any time. However, as a party member, is it true that Li Lisan will always be a bad party member because he has made mistakes in the line, and can only be regarded as a bad example "teacher"?