The sluggish situation of foreign trade in 2023 has been improved, and the total import and export volume increased by 8 in the first two months of this year7%, of whichExports increased by 103%Even in dollar terms, the total value of imports and exports increased by 55%, and its ** mouth increased by 71%, the data shows that foreign trade is picking up, so what is the most imported and exported goods?
There is a reason why the United States has a dead hand to contain China in the field of chips, not only because this is the core component of intelligent manufacturing and artificial intelligence, but also because this is the commodity that our country imports the most, in the first two months of this year, our country imported 78.5 billion integrated circuits, a year-on-year increase of 168%, and the import amount is as high as 388.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19%, which is only two months, and nearly 25 trillion yuan of integrated circuits.
The application of chips is extremely extensive, and now there are chips behind products with screens, and China is the world's largest manufacturing country, is the world's main exporter of mechanical and electrical products, blocking the production capacity and upgrading capacity of our chips, then basically blocking our upside in the field of science and technology.
However, our country not only imports chips, but also has a certain production capacity, and can also carry out certain exports, exporting 39.4 billion integrated circuits in the first two months, a year-on-year increase of 63%, with an import value of 160.7 billion yuanA significant increase of 28 year-on-year6%, integrated circuits**Deficit of 228 billion, a year-on-year increase of 13%, the growth rate is significantly smaller than the growth rate of exports, according to this situation, a few years later, perhaps in the field of integrated circuits in the first deficit will stop growing, or even narrow.
China's second largest import commodity is:In the first two months, the import value was 364.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 62%, the import amount is more than 20 billion less than integrated circuits, ** belongs to energy, is a raw material level, China's industrial structure is more dependent on imports in terms of raw materials and energy, good at manufacturing and processing, and then export finished products, earning the added value in the middle, so we and Russia, the Middle East and other major energy exporters have a good relationship, the industries of both sides are highly complementary.
The third largest import commodity is:Iron ore and its concentratesThe total import value in the first two months was 195.2 billion, a year-on-year increase of 266%, but the growth rate of imports is only 81%, indicating that the price has risen, Australia is our main iron ore importer, and now our country's iron ore imports have increased significantly, which also shows that the relationship with Australia is improving, which we can also feel from the public opinion on the Internet, there has been no negative news about Australia in recent months.
The fourth largest import commodity is natural gas, with an import value of 80.1 billion yuan in the first two months, down 25%, but the number of imports increased by 236%, which shows that it is much cheaper, and our natural gas imports are mainly from Russia and Middle Eastern countries, and energy is cheaper, which is beneficial to us.
The fifth largest import commodity is:Copper ore and its concentrates, the import value was 71.7 billion, a year-on-year increase of 02%, imports** basically flat; The sixth largest import commodity is:Coal and lignite, the import value was 56.4 billion, down 2 percent year-on-year7%, but *** about 25%; The seventh largest import commodityAutomatic data processing equipment and its components, the import value was 55.8 billion, a significant increase of 73% year-on-year; The eighth largest import commodity is:Unwrought copper and copper products, a year-on-year increase of 33%, *Flat; The ninth largest import commodity is soybeans, with an import value of 52.8 billion yuan, down 20% year-on-year, down more than 10%.
Among the grains, our biggest imports are actually soybeans, edible oil and animal feed are from here, the importing countries are mainly the United States and Brazil, although the United States wants to get stuck in our necks in the field of science and technology, and does not want to sell to us, but soybeans are chasing us to buy, and a round of agreements signed when Trump was in office is to buy more soybeans.
From the types of imported goods, we can see that the main ones are energy, such as **, natural gas and coal; followed by minerals, such as iron and copper; There is also grain, which belongs to raw materials, in addition, in the field of science and technology, there are two pieces of integrated circuits and automatic data processing equipment, and other scientific and technological products cannot be squeezed into the top ten of the import amount.
Conquering chips can not only save a lot of foreign exchange, not only can break the US blockade of our science and technology, but also create countless high-paying jobs for our own country, after all, the scale is too large, and with the development of artificial intelligence, the demand for chips will only increase, and this industry will be bigger than cars, 2The import amount of 5 trillion yuan, calculated according to 100,000 yuan**, is equivalent to 25 million cars, and it is still growing rapidly.
Our country's manufacturing industry started from the manufacture of clothes and shoes, and then gradually developed the most valuable mechanical and electrical products, which can be known from our export catalog.
The largest export value in the first two months wasAutomatic data processing equipment and its components, the export value was 195.5 billion, a year-on-year increase of 73%, with a surplus of 139.7 billion yuan.
The second largest export value isClothing and clothing accessories, the amount was 166.2 billion, a year-on-year increase of 163%, this is what many people did not expect, they all thought that the clothing industry chain was transferred out, but in fact, not only the absolute scale ranked in the forefront, but also the growth rate was very good, even higher than the growth rate of the first high-tech products.
The third largest export value isIntegrated circuits, the export amount is 160.3 billion, a significant increase of 28% year-on-year, China's current production capacity in the field of chips is in the forefront of the world, because there are few countries in the world in this field can do it, even the United States can't, and we have to pull a lot of allies to blockade us, to talk about the integrity of the entire chip industry chain, the United States is not comparable to us. However, what we lack is the production capacity of high-end chips, and the current favorable opportunity is that the application range of high-end chips is relatively small, and most of the current products require chip manufacturing processes below 28 nanometers.
The fourth largest export value isTextile yarns, fabrics and products thereof, the export amount is 154.3 billion, a year-on-year increase of 19%, which is a very interesting thing, the export scale of the two traditional labor-intensive manufacturing industries of textiles and clothing is very large, and the growth rate is very high, and many of the views we see on the Internet are opposite.
The fifth largest export value isMobile phones, the export amount is 137.5 billion, down 16% year-on-year, the mobile phone has declined very much in the past two years, India is rising, India has got a lot of production share, but China to break the situation is not from the terminal brand, or from the core components, because the world's top mobile phone brands in addition to Samsung and Apple, the rest are Chinese, but the value of the core components produced in China in these domestic mobile phone brands is very low, which is equivalent to our first purchase of parts from developed countries, It is then assembled and then sold worldwide. Now a good place is that the core components used by Huawei are produced by ourselves, and the rise of Huawei will greatly increase the value share of our China in the entire mobile phone industry chain.
The sixth most exported value isPlastic products, the export value was 118.3 billion, a significant increase of 27% year-on-year; The seventh most exported valueCars (including chassis)., the export value was 111.9 billion, a year-on-year increase of 16%; The eighth most exported valueAuto PartsThe export value was 104.7 billion, a year-on-year increase of 20%. The automobile industry is one of the fastest growing manufacturing industries at present, has gradually developed into the pillar industry of our exports, last year our car exports surpassed Japan to become the world's first, but many people only see our advantages in the field of new energy vehicles, in fact, in the field of traditional fuel vehicles are also making rapid progress, the export of cars are mainly fuel vehicles. The export value of automobiles and parts has exceeded 220 billion yuan, which has exceeded the export value of automatic data processing equipment and its parts.
However, the United States will not watch us soar in the automobile industry, and has announced that it will suppress it, but our advantages in the automotive field are much stronger than those in the chip field, especially in the field of new energy vehicles.
The ninth largest exporter is household appliances, with an export value$102 billionA sharp increase of 24% year-on-year, home appliances are our traditional advantage industry, the three major appliance companies are very powerful, and now there are basically no home appliance brands in Japan and South Korea. We produce the largest number of home appliances in the world, not only for our own use, but also for export in large quantities.
In addition, it is worth mentioning the shipbuilding industry, we are now also the world's first echelon, last year surpassed South Korea to become the world's largest shipbuilding country, the first two months of this year ship exports amounted to 48.3 billion yuan, a significant increase of 186% year-on-year, and the growth rate of the number of exports was only 60%, which shows that the volume of ships we produce and the first are improving, and the gold content is getting higher and higher.
Overall, our export structure has undergone significant changes, the United States suppressed the mobile phone field declined very much, but chips, automobiles, ships and other industries have grown rapidly, the United States to suppress us is to press the gourd to float the scoop, at the same time in clothing, shoes and hats, bags, toys, furniture and other labor-intensive industries have also resumed growth, the first two months of this year increased very fast, the total export value of these major products is nearly 700 billion yuan, almostIt is equal to the total export value of our high-tech products such as mobile phones, automatic data processing equipment, integrated circuits, home appliances and automobiles
The United States hopes that our country will always step on the sewing machine, do low-end industries, and do a lot of containment policies, but now a lot of Wang Ba punched down, and finally found that the sewing machine is stepping on more, but the "plane" is also made more, it is estimated that Biden is really a little big.
China has a population of 1.4 billion, not only low-end labor-intensive industries, but also high-tech industries.