Dear investment friends, before trading options, we should not only focus on the advantages of options, such as high flexibility, high returns, risk control, etc., but also deeply understand the risks of options, and effectively avoid them.
So how to effectively assess the risk of options and take corresponding measures to prevent them? Next, the option gang will answer this question for you.
First of all, we should understand what are the main risks of options? Here is a summary of 6 points, let's take a look
1. Risk
In options trading, both the buyer and the seller are exposed to the risk of fluctuations in the underlying asset**.
For the buyer, the most worried is the option *** and for the seller, the most worried is that the option *** The seller's return is limited, but the risk is unlimited, so it is necessary to pay attention to the possible losses caused by **volatility.
2. Liquidity risk
In options trading, deep in-the-money and deep out-of-the-money options may sometimes be unable to close positions in time due to insufficient liquidity, especially for far-month contracts, which may also affect the efficiency of trade execution.
3. Maturity risk
All options contracts have an expiration date, at which time they must be closed or exercised immediately.
It is important to note that both at-the-money and out-of-the-money options expire with the option contract** reset to zero, while in-the-money options need to ensure that there is sufficient funds or** (ETF) before they can be settled and exercised.
4. Buyer's Risk
*Zeroing: In-the-money and out-of-the-money options will be reset to zero upon expiration, which may result in the loss of all premiums;
Narrow: In a less volatile market, buyers are at greater risk of losing money because there is less room to operate, especially for at-the-money and out-of-the-money options.
Time Value Decay: Over time, the time value of an option decreases, potentially leading to losses, especially for at-the-money and out-of-the-money options.
5. Seller's Risk
Large volatility: The seller is most worried about the large fluctuation of the underlying asset**, which may lead to the large fluctuation of the option**, resulting in floating loss, that is, gamma risk.
Margin risk: When the ** rises sharply, the margin occupied by the seller may increase sharply, which may lead to forced liquidation and increase the risk.
Increased Volatility: An increase in volatility can result in a floating loss for the seller, especially if the seller of a deep out-of-the-money option.
6. The risk of the passage of time
The passage of time causes the time value of the option to decay, and for the buyer, the longer the time, the greater the loss may be;
For the seller, the shorter the time, the more likely it is to obtain the royalty, and it is important to note that time is fair to both the buyer and the seller, and does not favor either party.
At present, there are three main methods for assessing the risk of options trading:
1. Greek alphabet
The Greek alphabet method is to measure the sensitivity of options to the underlying asset**, strike price, expiration time and market volatility by introducing Greek letters such as delta, gamma, theta, and vega.
Investors can assess the risks of options trading through the calculation and analysis of these Greek letters.
2. Historical simulation method
Historical simulation is a method of assessing the risk of options trading by simulating historical data.
The method first collects historical** data of the underlying asset, and then evaluates the possible profit and loss of options trading by calculating and analyzing the probability distribution of this data.
Historical simulation can help investors understand the performance of options trading in different market environments, so as to better grasp investment risks.
3. Monte Carlo simulation method
Monte Carlo simulation is a risk assessment method based on random sampling.
This method simulates the possible future path by constructing the stochastic process of the underlying asset, and then calculates and analyzes the profit and loss of option trading.
The Monte Carlo simulation method can fully consider various uncertainties in options trading and provide investors with a more comprehensive risk assessment.
Once you know how to estimate the risk of options, how can you prevent it? Investment friends can try the following three methods:
1. Reasonably choose the option type and exercise price
When trading options, investors should reasonably choose the type of option and the exercise price according to their own investment objectives and risk tolerance.
For investors with a strong risk tolerance, out-of-the-money options can be selected to pursue higher returns;
For investors with a weak risk tolerance, you can choose in-the-money options or at-the-money options to reduce investment risks.
2. Diversify your portfolio
Portfolio diversification is an effective strategy to reduce the risk of options trading, and investors can diversify their investment risk by investing in different types of options, options with different expiration times, and options on different underlying assets.
In addition, investors can further reduce investment risks through strategies such as cross-variety arbitrage and cross-market arbitrage.
3. Pay attention to market information
Paying attention to market information is an important means of preventing risks in options trading. Investors should pay close attention to macroeconomic data, policy changes, and market sentiment in order to adjust their investment strategies in a timely manner.
In addition, investors should also pay attention to the fundamental and technical analysis of the underlying asset in order to better grasp the risks of options trading.
In general, options, as financial derivatives, not only provide investors with a flexible trading model, but also bring high investment risks.
Therefore, when investors trade options, they need to learn to correctly assess the risks and take effective preventive strategies, so as to survive and continue to make profits in the options market!
The above is about how to evaluate the risk and return of options? And effective prevention? Answers, I am an option gang, more options knowledge, options skills, **knowledge, **skills, all in [Option Gang] I wish you all a smooth transaction