As a natural fertilizer, organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, trace elements and bioactive substances, which has significant effects on improving soil fertility, promoting crop growth and improving product quality. However, for many farmers and gardening enthusiasts who are new to organic fertilizer, they may have questions: Can organic fertilizer be used directly?
First of all, we need to be clear that organic fertilizer is not a simple fertilizer that can be applied directly to the surface of the soil. Although organic fertilizers are extensive, such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, urban organic waste, etc., these raw materials often contain a large number of pathogens, insect eggs, weed seeds and other factors that are not conducive to crop growth. Therefore, before using organic fertilizer, we need to carry out a series of treatment and transformation work to ensure its safety and effectiveness.
1. Treatment and transformation of organic fertilizer.
1.Compost fermentation: Organic waste is mixed in a certain proportion and composted fermented by controlling conditions such as moisture, temperature and oxygen. In the fermentation process, unfavorable factors such as germs and insect eggs in organic waste will be killed by high temperature, and a large number of beneficial microorganisms and humus will be produced at the same time.
2.Biotransformation: The use of specific microbial agents to biotransform organic waste. This method can realize the harmless and resource utilization of organic waste in a relatively short period of time, and at the same time improve the nutritional value and biological activity of fertilizer.
Second, the application method of organic fertilizer.
1.Fertilization time: The application time of organic fertilizer should be determined according to the crop growth stage and soil fertility status. In general, basal fertilizer should be applied before sowing or transplanting, and top dressing should be supplemented according to crop growth and changes in soil fertility.
2.Fertilizer application: The amount of fertilizer applied for organic fertilizer should be determined according to factors such as crop type, growth stage, soil fertility and fertilizer quality. Too much organic fertilizer may cause the soil to be too fertile and affect crop growth; Too little organic fertilizer may not meet the nutrient needs of crops.
3.Fertilization methods: There are many ways to apply organic fertilizer, such as furrow application, hole application, sprinkling application, etc. The specific fertilization method should be selected according to factors such as crop type, soil conditions and fertilizer characteristics. For example, for crops with shallow roots, scattering can be used; For crops with deep roots, furrow application or hole application can be used.
3. Precautions for the use of organic fertilizer.
1.Avoid mixing with chemical fertilizers: Although both organic and chemical fertilizers are effective means of improving soil fertility, mixing them can lead to antagonistic effects between nutrients and reduce fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, it is recommended to apply organic and chemical fertilizers separately.
2.Pay attention to the control of the amount of fertilizer applied: While organic fertilizer has many benefits for crop growth, more is not always better. Too much organic fertilizer may cause the soil to be too fertile and affect crop growth; Therefore, when using organic fertilizer, it is necessary to reasonably control the amount of fertilizer according to the needs of crops and soil conditions.
3.Pay attention to the choice of fertilization time: The application time of organic fertilizer has a great impact on crop growth. In the early stage of crop growth, the root system is not fully developed, and the application of organic fertilizer at this time may cause damage to the root system. In the later stages of crop growth, the root system gradually ages, and the ability to absorb nutrients decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the fertilization time reasonably according to the crop growth stage and soil fertility status.
In summary, organic fertilizer is not a simple fertilizer that can be directly applied to the soil surface. Before using organic fertilizer, we need to carry out a series of treatment and transformation work to ensure its safety and effectiveness. At the same time, when applying organic fertilizer, we should pay attention to the control of factors such as fertilization time, fertilizer amount and fertilization method, so as to give full play to the advantages of organic fertilizer in promoting crop growth and improving product quality.