In addition to assisting in the necessary swallowing function training, cancer patients who choke on eating or drinking also need to make dietary choices and adjustments.
Pay attention to eating posture: Patients with choking cough often have physical weakness, insufficient muscle strength, and uncoordinated chewing and swallowing. For patients with extreme weakness, comfortable pillows need to be given at the back of the neck when in the semi-recumbent position to avoid neck muscle tension inducing swallowing and coughing during eating. Patients need to slow down as much as possible when eating, observe the amplitude of their thyroid cartilage sliding up and down significantly, and continue eating after completing the swallowing action.
Pay attention to the temperature of food: patients who are prone to choking cough have poor coordination between chewing and swallowing, and if the food temperature is too high, it is easy to cause oral muscle conditioning, causing tension and sudden choking. According to the patient's gastrointestinal tolerance, warm (lower than body temperature) food, such as jelly and yogurt, should be given appropriately to stimulate oral nerve reflexes and better accept food.
Pay attention to the texture of the food: For patients with severe coughing, a nasogastric tube is recommended for supplemental drinking and food. After the patient's choking has resolved, tentative feeding is used, but nasogastric supplementation is still recommended. For patients with mild cough, if they drink directly by mouth, they should pay attention to the moderate temperature of the water, and the head position should not be too low when drinking water, so as to avoid compressing the throat and inducing cough. The texture of the food in patients with choking should be contraindicated from irritating, containing powdered foods or small particles that are easily aspirated. You can choose lotus root soup, thin sesame paste, chicken soup jelly, jelly, yogurt, tofu brain, rotten noodles, rice porridge, egg and green vegetable gnocchi soup, small noodles, soft wontons and other foods. You can also eat softer bread, steamed buns, and light vegetable and meat buns.
Pay attention to salt and sugar intake: If the salt content in food is too high, it will not only taste salty, but also cause dryness, swelling and pain of the throat mucosa and increase water intake due to excessive sodium intake, which may induce the risk of choking. The high sugar content in sweets will also cause stickiness in the mouth and increase water intake, so the patient's food should be light and less salty, and no spicy and sweet seasonings.
Pay attention to eating small and frequent meals: patients with choking cough should not eat too long at a time because of difficulty swallowing, so it is recommended to eat small and frequent meals, and eat once every 2 hours or about or add an additional meal between three main meals. It is not necessary to force the patient to eat more at each meal, and to avoid fatigue in eating.
When the diet of a patient with choking is not enough to obtain sufficient calories and nutrients, enteral nutrition preparations need to be supplemented, and the patient should be patient and must not be rushed.
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