What are the main reasons for crop rotation to increase production?
Crop rotation is an agricultural planting system, which refers to a planting method in which different crops are rotated in a certain order on the same piece of land. The main reasons for the increase in crop rotation are as follows:
1. Soil nutrient balance.
Different crops have different absorption and utilization of nutrients in the soil, and the absorption and utilization of soil nutrients can be adjusted through crop rotation, so that the soil nutrients can be balanced. For example, among the annual crops, wheat, peas, soybeans, etc., which require more nitrogen; those that require more phosphorus include potatoes and rape; Those that need more potassium include tobacco, potato, sweet potato, etc. Among the perennial crops, tea trees, mulberry trees, etc., which require more nitrogen; Those that need more phosphorus include peach trees, plum trees, etc.; Citrus and other companies that need more potassium are needed. Through reasonable crop rotation, soil nutrients can be balanced and soil fertility can be improved.
2. Reduce pests and diseases.
Different crop rotations can change the farmland environment and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Some crops produce some insect or antibiotics during the growth process, which can affect the growth and reproduction of pests and diseases. The rotation of different crops can change the farmland environment, making it difficult for pests and diseases to adapt to the new environment, thereby reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. At the same time, crop rotation can also reduce the accumulation of pathogens in the soil and reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.
3. Improve soil organic matter.
Crop rotation can promote the accumulation and improvement of soil organic matter. In crop rotation, the root distribution depth and characteristics of different crops are different, which can promote the vertical aeration and horizontal water flow of the soil, which is conducive to the activity and reproduction of microorganisms, thereby promoting the decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter. At the same time, stubble and defoliation of different crops can increase the content of soil organic matter and improve soil fertility.
4. Adjust soil pH.
Different crops have different adaptability to soil pH, and soil pH can be adjusted through crop rotation to maintain an appropriate range of soil pH. For example, planting acid-tolerant crops such as peas and soybeans in acidic soils can reduce soil acidity; Planting alkaline-tolerant crops such as sorghum and millet in alkaline soils can reduce soil alkalinity. At the same time, the root system of different crops has different effects on soil pH, and the pH buffering capacity of soil can be improved through reasonable crop rotation.
Fifth, improve the yield and quality.
The yield and quality of crops can be improved through proper crop rotation. On the one hand, crop rotation can improve the soil environment, improve soil fertility and aeration, and facilitate the growth and development of roots. On the other hand, crop rotation can reduce the harm of pests and diseases, reduce the use of pesticides, and contribute to the safety and quality of agricultural products. At the same time, the growth period and harvest period of different crops are different, and the yield and quality of crops can be improved by making full use of land resources and climate resources through reasonable crop rotation.
In summary, the main reasons for crop rotation to increase yield include balancing soil nutrients, reducing pests and diseases, improving soil organic matter, adjusting soil pH, and improving yield and quality. In order to give full play to the advantages of crop rotation, it is necessary to arrange the rotation sequence and crop types reasonably, and choose the appropriate crop rotation method according to the local climatic conditions and land resources.