On March 5, 1420, Tang Sai'er launched the Tang Sai'er Rebellion in Yidu (now Qingzhou), also known as the Tang Sai'er Uprising, which was a popular rebellion in Shandong in the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420) of the Ming Dynasty under the banner of the White Lotus Sect. Tang Sai'er was a young woman who knew a little about martial arts and the art of war, and she followed the example of the Red Turban Army at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, took the White Lotus Sect as the program, and actively contacted the local people, calling herself the "Buddha Mother".
The background of Tang Sai'er's uprising was the war and famine during the Jianwen period of the early Ming Dynasty, and Zhu Di launched the Jingyan Campaign in order to seize the throne, which caused the people in Shandong to suffer great suffering. After Zhu Di ascended the throne, he implemented the policy of transferring grain from the south to the north, and requisitioned a large number of people, which increased the burden on the people. In addition, natural disasters are frequent, and life is difficult.
Tang Sai'er's uprising began at the beginning of the eighteenth year of Yongle, when she led more than 500 people into the southwest mountainous area of Yidu and established the Shuai Mansion in the unloading stone shed. Under the leadership of Tang Sai'er, the rebel army launched an uprising with the red and white flags, and successively killed the officers and soldiers who came to suppress it, and the momentum was huge. The rebel army grew rapidly, with the support of the nearby prefecture of Kyushu, forming a size of tens of thousands of people.
After Zhu Di learned of the uprising, he sent Liu Sheng as the chief soldier and Liu Zhong as the deputy chief soldier to lead the army to Pingding. Liu Sheng surrounded the unloading stone shed, but under Tang Sai'er's strategy, the Ming army was frustrated. Tang Sai'er took advantage of Liu Sheng's arrogant weakness and sent people to surrender to him, claiming that the rebel army would take the road from Dongzhai Gate to find water and escape, and deceived Liu Sheng to send heavy troops to guard outside Dongzhai Gate to wait for battle. On the night of March 13, Tang Sai'er ordered people to drive sheep to disguise the rebel army to go down the mountain at Dongzhai Gate, attract the main force of the Ming army, and led the people to break through from the weak point of the Ming army, attacked and killed Liu Zhong, and finally succeeded in breaking through.
Under the command of Tang Sai'er, Bin Hong and others captured Anqiu, but were eventually defeated by the Ming army. Although Tang Sai'er and others were not arrested, after Duan Min took up the post of Shandong Zuo to participate in politics, he arrested and investigated local monks, nuns and monastic women, and put down the popular rebellion.
Although the scale of the Tang Sai'er Rebellion was not large, it had a certain shock to the rule of the Ming Dynasty during the prosperous period of Yongle at that time. Zhu Di took a series of measures to appease the people, and at the same time severely punished the ** who failed to pacify the chaos.
Although the White Lotus Sect film and television clip describes Tang Sai'er as a "demon woman" in the "History of the Ming Dynasty", she is regarded as a heroic figure in the folk, and the legend of Tang Sai'er is still praised in Qingzhou and Binzhou. The Qing Dynasty literati Lu Xiong even endowed Tang Sai'er with a mythological color, believing that she was the embodiment of the moon palace Chang'e.
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