Emperor Wen of Sui, Yang Jian, was an important ruler in Chinese history, and his political changes and succession struggles in his later years, as well as the policies pursued by Yang Guang, who succeeded him, had a profound impact on the history of the Sui Dynasty and later China. This article will examine the causes of the political turmoil in the later years of Emperor Wen of Sui and the measures and influence of Emperor Yang Guang of Sui during his reign.
Emperor Yang Guang of Sui and Emperor Wen of Sui were troubled by their sons in their later years, and the political turmoil during this period was mainly manifested in the management and inheritance of their heirs. In his later years, Emperor Wen of Sui demoted his eldest son, the crown prince Yang Yong, to a concubine, and renamed his second son Yang Guang as the crown prince, and then demoted his fourth son, Yang Xiu, the king of Shu, to a concubine. This sparked strife and internal strife among the princes. In the fourth year of Renshou, Emperor Wen of Sui was sick in bed, and Yang Guang intended to ascend the throne, but due to a series of misunderstandings, Emperor Wen of Sui finally deposed Yang Guang and re-established Yang Yong as the crown prince. After Yang Guang learned the news, he staged a coup d'état, forcing Emperor Wen of Sui to abdicate the throne and establish himself as emperor, that is, Emperor Yang of Sui.
In the early years of the reign of Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty, in order to consolidate the rule and development of the Sui Dynasty, a series of policy measures were adopted. The first is to build the capital Daxing City and build Tokyo Luoyang to strengthen the centralization and control. In addition, he dug the Grand Canal of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, built the Great Wall to protect the border, and further strengthened his control and rule over various regions. These measures promoted economic, cultural and people-to-people exchanges, and also laid the foundation for later economic development. The establishment of Jiangdu has become an important economic town, which has greatly promoted the exchange and commercial development between the Central Plains and the northern and southern regions.
In terms of the political system, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty carried out a series of reforms. He reformed the bureaucratic system and the system of rent adjustment, and began to establish the Jinshi Department, which eventually formed the imperial examination system. These reforms are all aimed at strengthening centralization and improving efficiency. During the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, China re-established a unified regime, the Great Wall was repaired, and the excavation of the Grand Canal of the Sui and Tang Dynasties laid the foundation for later prosperity. Under his rule, China ushered in a second glorious imperial period.
The Grand Canal in general, the political turmoil of Emperor Wen of Sui in his later years, and the actions of Emperor Yang Guang of Sui had a profound impact on Chinese history. Their reign laid the foundation of the Sui Dynasty and laid an important foundation for the development of later Chinese history. At the same time, they also faced internal and external challenges that ultimately led to the fall of the Sui Dynasty, but their political, economic, and cultural repercussions persisted for a long time and had a profound impact on later generations.
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