In 2023, onshore wind power and centralized photovoltaic power stations will begin to participate in market-oriented transactions on a large scale. Recently, with the release of the 2024 electricity market-based trading policies of various provinces, the electricity price policies of large-scale wind power and photovoltaic power in 2024 in various provinces have also become clear. This article collates the electricity price trading policies of 8 provinces in 2024.
Table: Documents related to electricity prices in 2024 for 8 provinces and autonomous regions
Table: Summary of relevant provisions on new energy electricity prices in 8 provinces and autonomous regions in 2024
The detailed electricity price policies of each province are as follows.
On December 7, Ningxia issued the "Notice on Matters Related to Medium and Long-term Electricity Transactions in 2024", according to the document, in 2024, Ningxia's photovoltaic projects are expected to participate in market-based transactions of about 87% of the electricity, and the implementation of 018,165 yuan kWh, about 13% of the electricity implementation benchmark price 02595 yuan kWh, the comprehensive electricity price is about 01918 yuan. For details, see "In 2024, Ningxia's ordinary photovoltaic electricity price is expected to be lower than 0."2 yuan! 》1. Priority electricity consumption and power generation: 12.5 billion kWh, settled according to the benchmark price of coal powerThe "Notice" divides the power generation capacity of power generation enterprises into:Two parts:Priority is given to the amount of electricity generated by the planwithMarket-based trading of electricity。Among them,Priority electricity consumption: In 2024, all the electricity needs of residents and agriculture will be included in the priority electricity consumption plan, and the priority electricity consumption will be about 12.5 billion kWh. Priority power generation: 12.5 billion kWh, divided into six parts, namely:
1) Biomass, etc.: 46.7 billion kWh. 2) Low-cost guaranteed power supply Qingtongxia Hydropower, Shapotou Hydropower and Lijiaxia Hydropower: 234.8 billion kWh. 3) Hanas Thermal Power Plant (East and West) Gas Generating Units: 2.2 billion kWh; 4) Poverty alleviation photovoltaic power stations, distributed photovoltaic projects: 1 billion kWh, distributed wind power: 800 million kWh. 5) 7 non-subsidized power stations such as Silver Star Energy, full guaranteed purchase: about 1500 million kWh. 6) Ordinary wind power and photovoltaic projects: 553.5 billion kilowatt hours of electricity entered the market except for priority power generation and priority power consumption plansIt is estimated that the scale of market-based transactions in the region will be about 92.5 billion kWh in 2024. In 2023, the total power generation capacity of wind power and photovoltaic projects in Ningxia will be 29.4 billion kWh and 28.2 billion kWh, respectively, taking into account 748.5 billion kWh, then about 50 billion kWh will be involved in the transaction, i.e87% of the electricity should be traded in the market2. The division of market-based electricity price periodsFurther optimize the trading hours, increase the peak and deep valley hours, realize the time-based organization, time-based measurement, and time-based settlement, and guide users to take the initiative to cut the peak and fill the valley with the time period trading**, give full play to the market role, and promote the efficient consumption of new energy. Peak hours: 7:00, 9:00, 17:00-23:00;Valley time: 9:00-17:00;Weekdays: 0:00-7:00, 23:00 0:00. In order to promote the healthy development of the photovoltaic industry, comprehensively consider the cost of photovoltaic investment, and further widen the peak-to-valley price difference, and increase the floating ratio of new energy to 30%, that is, the application price of the user and the new energy flat section does not exceed the benchmark electricity price, the peak section transaction price is not less than 130% of the flat section, and the valley section transaction price does not exceed 70% of the flat section. The benchmark price of coal-fired power generation in Ningxia is 02595 yuan kWh, according to the above ratio, the transaction of new energy in the peak section is not less than 033,735 yuan kWh, while the transaction in the valley section is no more than 018165 yuan kWh. Photovoltaic power generation is mainly concentrated in the valley hours (9:00-17:00), therefore, almost all electricity trading prices will not exceed 018165 yuan kWh.
The floating proportion of the peak section of new energy is not higher than the proportion of the floating of the valley section. Considering the different upper limits of transactions between high-energy-consuming users and non-high-energy-consuming users, the application for transactions between users and new energy peaks shall not exceed 1 of the benchmark electricity price5 times. In a single transaction, the declared electricity of the three sections of wind power peak, flat and valley shall not be less than 20% of the total declared electricity。 According to the above, 87% of the electricity is traded in the market, and the execution is 018165 yuan kWh, 13% of the electricity implementation benchmark price 02595 yuan kWh, the comprehensive electricity price is about 01918 yuan. 3. More than 40% of the electricity of new energy participates in the annual transactionAccording to the expected target value of the weight of non-hydro renewable electricity consumption responsibility in Ningxia in 2024, new energy will be temporarily followedNot less than 40% of the on-grid electricity of the previous yearParticipate in annual deals。In the middle of the year, new grid-connected new energy units can complete the 40% electricity ratio requirement through multi-month, monthly and ten-month transactions. 4. Green electricity trading
1) New energy sources participating in green electricity trading must enter the white list for green certificate issuance and have the qualification for green certificate issuance. 2) Users and new energy to carry out green electricity trading should be respectively clarified electric energy** and environment**, electric energy** in accordance with the new energy and users time-based trading mechanism**, environmental ** determined by both parties through negotiation. 3) Green electricity trading is tentatively followedAnnual, monthlyOrganize and carry out green electricity trading within the month in a timely manner, and encourage market entities to carry out multi-year green electricity trading。 4) On the premise of completing the weight index of renewable energy consumption responsibility, the amount of green electricity traded and converted by purchasing green certificates that users have consumed in excess of the quota shall not be included in the dual control index of energy consumption。 5. Deviation settlement**:If there is no daily convergence transaction in a certain period of the day** or the transaction amount of electricity traded by the user's power generation enterprise (the actual amount of electricity executed for inter-provincial transactions) is less than 80% of the actual electricity consumption of the month, the user's positive deviation of the electricity in each period is k1 times of the benchmark electricity price (k1 is temporarily taken 2.).0), the positive deviation of the power generation enterprise in each period of the implementation of the benchmark electricity price K2 times (K2 temporarily take 0.).5) The negative deviation of electricity shall be settled according to the average price of direct electricity trading in the corresponding period of the year and month. Yindong, Lingshao and Ningxiang DC supporting new energy will not implement the 80% ratio requirement for the time being, and all deviation electricity will be settled according to the weighted price of the daily fusion transaction in the corresponding period, and will be adjusted in a timely manner according to the market situation. On December 8, 2023, Heilongjiang Province issued the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Electricity Market Transactions in Heilongjiang Province in 2024", proposing:1. Market transaction sizeTo implement the state's requirements for orderly promoting all industrial and commercial users to enter the electricity market, the total scale of electricity market transactions in the province is expected to be 59 billion kWh in 2024. 2. Access to market entities(1) Power generation enterprises1.In accordance with the principle of "using to determine the issuance", all kinds of generating units focus on ensuring the safety of the power grid and the electricity demand of residents, agriculture and other public welfare, give priority to ensuring the balance of power supply and demand in the province, and all other electricity is obtained through the market. 2.Coal-fired back-pressure units or coal-fired power generation units, hydropower units, biomass (including waste-to-energy) units, distributed power sources, and demonstration experimental power generation projects that only operate during the heating period are temporarily excluded from market transactions. 3.In principle, the on-grid electricity of coal-fired power generation units in the province (except for coal-fired back-pressure units or coal-fired power generation units that only operate during the heating period) should all enter the market for trading, and priority should be given to ensuring the electricity demand of users in the province. 4.The guaranteed hours of wind power and photovoltaic power generation at parity (including low price) are temporarily determined at 1950 hours and 1300 hours respectively, and all remaining electricity will enter the market for trading, and all other wind power and photovoltaic power generation will enter the market for trading. The scale of guaranteed electricity (including special subsidy items) of each generating unit shall be determined in the annual power balance plan issued by our commission, and all the guaranteed electricity shall be traded in the market. 5.Generating units can only participate in market transactions after obtaining the approval or filing documents of power generation projects in accordance with the law, and obtaining or exempting the power business license (power generation) in accordance with the law. Transactions**(1) Set the upper and lower limits of market transactions in accordance with the requirements of the market-oriented mechanism of "benchmark price fluctuations", and the market transactions of high-energy-consuming users are not subject to the 20% limit. (2) The transaction of the full power of the first-class user (electricity sales company) and the coal-fired generating unit** shall not be higher than the average transaction volume of direct transaction on the user side in 2023**, and each business entity shall freely carry out the transaction within the upper and lower limits. On December 14, 2023, the Yunnan Provincial Energy Bureau of Yunnan Province jointly issued the "Notice on Further Improving the New Energy Feed-in Tariff Policy" (Yun Fa Gai** 2023 No. 1264), clarifying the electricity price of wind power and photovoltaic projects in Yunnan Province in 2024The proportion of settlement based on the "coal-fired power benchmark price" will be reduced！For details, see "Yunnan: Wind and photovoltaic price policies are clear in 2024, and the settlement ratio of "coal power benchmark price" will decrease! 》1）January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023For projects connected to the grid at full capacity, the 2023 feed-in tariff mechanism will continue to be implemented. 2）January 1 - June 30, 2024From December 1 to December 31, 55% of the monthly on-grid electricity of full-capacity grid-connected PV projects will be compensated to the benchmark price of coal-fired power generation in Yunnan Province on the basis of the average transaction price in the clean energy market。 3）January 1 - June 30, 2024From December 1 to December 31, 45% of the monthly on-grid electricity of full-capacity grid-connected wind power projects will be compensated to the benchmark price of coal-fired power generation in Yunnan Province on the basis of the average transaction price in the clean energy market。 2023 The proportion of on-grid electricity of wind power and photovoltaic projects connected to the grid in 2024 will be settled at the benchmark price of coal-fired power as shown in the table below。 
In fact, ordinary wind power and photovoltaic projects in Yunnan Province have all participated in market-based transactions, and the settlement price of electricity is much lower than the benchmark price of coal power. Therefore, the feed-in tariff connected to the grid at the "benchmark price of coal power" is guaranteedThe part exceeding the average market price of clean energy needs to be shared by all industrial and commercial users according to the proportion of electricity consumptionSince Yunnan Province has carried out a comprehensive market good transaction, and the installed capacity in the province is dominated by hydropower, the electricity price of electricity market-based trading is based on the transaction price of hydropower. In November 2017, the Yunnan Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology and the ** Energy Bureau jointly issued Article 22 of the "2018 Yunnan Electricity Market-oriented Trading Implementation Plan": wind farms and photovoltaic power plants guarantee the amount of electricity substituted by residents, and the amount of electricity required by residential electric energy substitution is balanced throughout the year. Among them, in December and May of the next year, wind power and photovoltaic projects will not be arranged to ensure that residential electricity is substituted for electricity, and market-oriented transactions are required, and 6 In November, all on-grid electricity of wind power and photovoltaic power plants will be arranged to ensure the replacement of residential electricity and will not participate in market-oriented transactions. Therefore, the electricity prices of ordinary wind power and photovoltaic projects are shown in the table below. 
In December 2023, the average of clean energy transactions in Yunnan Province was 027,612 yuan.
On December 26, 2023, the Qinghai Provincial Energy Bureau issued the "Notice on Matters Related to Carrying out Electricity Trading in 2024" (Qingneng Run No. 2023 No. 134), which proposed:
The annual trading volume of new energy shall not be less than 80% of the total market-oriented volume; Valley electricity price (11:00-16:00, 5 hours) is formed by not less than 20% on the basis of the flat electricity price.
On October 27, 2023, the Gansu Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Gansu Province 2024 Provincial Medium and Long-term Annual Trading Organization Plan for Electric Power", proposing a new energy power generation trading mechanism
The trading benchmark of the peak, valley and flat sections of the new energy enterprise** is the coal-fired benchmark** multiplied by the peak-to-valley time-sharing coefficient (peak coefficient = 1.).5. Flat coefficient = 1, valley coefficient = 05) The trading ** of each segment does not exceed the benchmark price of the transaction. When trading between power users and new energy enterprises, the formation mechanism of new energy power generation specified by the state shall be implemented. As can be seen from the above, 1) New energy projects: each section of the transaction** transaction benchmark price 2) the transaction benchmark price = coal benchmark** peak-to-valley time-sharing coefficient Therefore, the upper limit of electricity price trading at each stage of new energy projects in Gansu Province is shown in the table below. Table: Peak and valley time divisions for industrial and commercial users and benchmark prices for new energy transactions
As a result, the upper limit of the transaction** will be 0 for most of the electricity generated by PV projects1539 yuan, as shown in the figure below.
On December 29, 2023, the Department of Industry and Information Technology of Guangxi Autonomous Region and other three departments jointly issued the "Notice on the Implementation Plan for Guangxi Electricity Market Transactions in 2023", which proposes that in 2023, the amount of wind power and photovoltaic power in Guangxi that exceeds the equivalent on-grid electricity will participate in market-based transactions, and the equivalent utilization hours of wind power generation enterprises will be tentatively determined800 hours, the equivalent utilization hours of photovoltaic power generation enterprises is 500 hours. Wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects that enjoy subsidies will continue to enjoy subsidies for the amount of electricity that participates in market-based transactions。 For details, see "Guangxi: The number of wind and light insured hours in 2024 is still hours!" 》
On January 7, 2024, the Guangxi Department of Industry and Information Technology and the Guangxi Department of Industry and Information Technology once again issued the "Notice on Matters Concerning the Clarification of the Authorization Contract for New Energy Power Generation Enterprises", which clarifies that the authorized contract for centralized wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprises is 038 kWh. When settling the price difference fee of the authorized contract, it will be temporarily executed according to the above-mentioned authorized contract, and then the authorized contract will be optimized and adjusted according to the actual situation of the electricity market transaction, combined with the cost investigation, and approved by the superior. 
On December 29, 2023, Henan Province issued the "Notice on Printing and Distributing Several Measures to Optimize Industrial Electricity Prices in Henan Province" (Yu Fa Gai Price Guan No. 2023 No. 679), which is clear:
Starting from January 2024, in addition to the photovoltaic electricity for poverty alleviation, the wind power and photovoltaic electricity in the province will participate in market transactions according to the benchmark price of coal-fired power generation in our province, and study and implement measures such as the electricity price of the noon flat (valley) section and the noon deep valley electricity price on important holidays. For details, see "Henan: In addition to photovoltaic poverty alleviation, wind and solar power shall participate in the transaction at a price not higher than the benchmark price of coal!" 》
The details are as follows:1. Promote the participation of new energy in medium and long-term transactionsFrom January 2024, in addition to the photovoltaic power for poverty alleviation, the wind power and photovoltaic power in the province will participate in market transactions at a price not higher than the benchmark price of coal-fired power generation in our province, guide industrial and commercial users to give priority to the consumption of new energy electricity, realize the optimal allocation of new energy electricity in a wider range, and reduce the cost of industrial and commercial electricity.
2. Improve time-of-use electricity pricesCombined with factors such as the power supply and demand situation, changes in load characteristics, and the development of new energy, the setting of peak-to-valley periods and price comparison coefficients should be optimized in a timely manner, and measures such as the electricity price in the noon flat (valley) section and the noon and deep valley electricity prices on important holidays should be studied and implemented, so as to encourage industrial enterprises to use more low-cost electricity at noon and produce continuously during holidays, so as to promote the consumption of new energy electricity. 3. New energy technological transformation and storage
Support the development of wind power and photovoltaic enterprisesTechnological transformation, reasonableConfigure energy storageto maintain a reasonable utilization rate of wind and solar and reduce the occurrence of power curtailment. 4. Carry out pilot demonstrations of source-grid-load-storage integrationEnterprises and parks are encouraged to build their own distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power, and try to consume a high proportion of renewable energy nearby to enhance economic benefits。 Carry out the action of speeding up the green power of thousands of enterprises (parks), select about 1,000 enterprises (parks), use resources such as rooftops, factories, and parks, and build comprehensive energy projects based on distributed photovoltaics, combined with distributed wind power, new energy storage, hydrogen energy, smart energy control, load management, green microgrids, etc., in accordance with the integrated model of source, grid, load and storage. On February 4, 2024, the Energy Bureau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region issued the Notice on Matters Related to Medium and Long-term Transactions in the Inner Mongolia Electric Power Multilateral Trading Market in 2024 (Nei Neng Power Zi 2024 No. 55). Inner Mongolia is a major province with wind power and photovoltaic installed capacity, and the document details the principles for wind power and photovoltaic power to participate in market-oriented transactions. For details, see "Inner Mongolia: 90% of the electricity of new energy will be implemented in the medium and long term, and distributed photovoltaic will not enter the market for the time being!" 》
1. Three types of projects that do not participate in the electricity market
1) Distributed wind power.
2) Distributed PV and poverty alleviation PV.
3) New energy projects that are not entitled to renewable energy subsidies (projects that have not been included in the subsidy list of the current year) that were put into operation before the issuance of "Zhongfa 2015 No. 9" can take the initiative to apply to participate in the electricity market and propose trading methods; Six types of market-oriented new energy projects (integration of source, grid, load and storage, integration of wind and solar hydrogen production, renewable energy substitution of coal-fired captive power plants, green power supply in parks, flexible transformation of thermal power, and full self-consumption of coal-fired power plants) are classified into electricity market transactions. As soon as possible, we should study the self-balancing dispatching and operation mechanisms of the main body of power consumption of the integration of source, grid, load and storage, the main body of green power supply projects in industrial parks, and the main body of wind and solar hydrogen production projects. 2. The number of hours of "guaranteed quantity and price" for different types of projectsAccording to the new energy approval (filing), * approval and other documents, the trading institution identifies the parity (low price), concession, leader and other projects. Among them, the "quantity and price" part of different types of projects is stipulated in the following table. Table: Provisions on the amount of electricity "guaranteed and priced" for different types of projects
If the power generation exceeds the above table, it will participate in market-based transactions.
3. "Guaranteed quantity and price.""Allocation of electricityThe power trading institution shall pre-allocate the priority power generation amount of new energy power generation stations (including the amount of electricity settled by bidding **) of new energy power generation stations by the power trading institution, and the pre-allocated electricity shall be used toMonthly listingsway to carry out,The power grid enterprises shall be listed and the new energy power generation enterprises shall be delistedThe amount of electricity that has not been delisted or not completely delisted shall be deemed to have given up the priority power generation of this part of the "guaranteed quantity and price".
4. 90% of the new energy electricity is contracted for medium and long-term new energy stationsMedium and long-term contract contracted electricityNot less than 90% of the on-grid electricity of the previous year or the power generation capacity of the declared year (whichever is greater). Power generation enterprises should determine the medium and long-term transaction curve according to the actual situation, the maximum power of the contract curve shall not exceed the installed capacity in principle, and the transaction curve period of photovoltaic power generation shall not exceed the effective photovoltaic power generation period (tentatively set at 5 a.m. to 20 p.m. every day). 5. Trading methods.
New energy trading is organized according to annual, monthly, intra-month and other cycles, and the implementation of peaks and valleys is divided into time periods1) Enjoy renewable energy subsidies for wind power and photovoltaic projectsOnly unilateral bidding transactions will be organized, and the amount reported by the user side and the amount reported by the power generation side shall be accepted**, and the transaction application shall not be less than the average transaction in the area of wind power and photovoltaic projects enjoying renewable energy subsidies in 20232) Wind power and photovoltaic projects that do not enjoy renewable energy subsidies:Priority will be given to bilateral negotiated transactions, and after the negotiation is completed, the amount of electricity that has not been traded and not participated in the negotiated transaction can participate in the listed transaction, and the listed transaction** will float no more than 10% on the basis of the benchmark price of coal-fired power generation in Mengxi. Electricity users in strategic emerging industries explicitly supported by the autonomous region will be given priority in new energy bidding transactions。 6. Deviation assessment. For power generation enterprises and power users whose annual medium and long-term contract signing ratio does not meet the requirements, the new energy enterprise shall pay a deviation settlement fee of 20% of the annual average transaction electricity price of the same type of new energy for the difference between the actual contracted electricity volume and the electricity amount that meets the contracted ratio; For new energy stations with a monthly medium- and long-term contract ratio of 90% of the monthly power generation, the risk prevention ratio will be implemented at 75% to 120% when participating in the spot market, and the lower limit of the risk prevention ratio will be reduced by 50% of the actual proportion of medium- and long-term contracts. 7. New energy stations can agree on green value with power users in medium and long-term contracts for green electricity trading, obtain benefits and appropriately bear market transaction risks; The additional income corresponding to the green value of the renewable energy electricity that enjoys the renewable energy subsidy shall be separately collected by the power grid enterprise, and the renewable energy power generation subsidy shall be offset in accordance with the national requirements。 Support the autonomous region's designated strategic emerging industry power users to consume a high proportion of green electricity, and actively carry out green manufacturing. Do a good job in the full coverage of green electricity certificates. According to the relevant requirements of the Ministry of Finance and the Energy Administration, we will do a good job in the full coverage of renewable energy green power certificates and the collection of data on the issuance and issuance of green power certificates, and do a good job in green power trading in the region to reflect the green value of renewable energy.
Based on the background of the high proportion of renewable energy participating in the market, this paper analyzes the correlation between power trading and carbon trading, and studies the coupling mechanism of carbon power market and the market offset hedging trading mechanism. Research and explore the main market trading mechanisms such as distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power, improve the dispatching and operation mechanism, improve the ability of balanced operation within the region, and enhance the local consumption of new energy and the stability of the system.