How did the Northern Yuan, which threatened the Ming Dynasty for 20 years, completely collapse?

Mondo History Updated on 2024-03-06

On the 22nd day of August in the eighth year of Hongwu (1375), a piece of news rubbed the G-spot of the entire Yingtian City (now Nanjing) - Wang Baobao, the pillar of the Northern Yuan Dynasty who made the Ming army suffer, died in the "Harana Sea"! The most excited is naturally Zhu Yuanzhang. Thinking about the Northern Expedition in the fifth year of Hongwu (1372), Zhu Yuanzhang sent an all-star lineup in an attempt to eliminate the Northern Yuan in a battle, but Wang Baobao won more with less, and the Ming army lost 40,000 or 50,000 people before and after. Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang has never dared to go on the Northern Expedition. Wang Baobao died, which means that there is no one in the Northern Yuan who can compete with the Ming Dynasty. But Zhu Yuanzhang still didn't dare to take chances in sweeping away the Northern Yuan. Because, at this time: 1, Lao Zhu's backyard is unstable - Liao Yongzhong, Zhu Liangzu and other heroes have been dealt with one after another; Hu Weiyong's case even braised the two major centers of Zhongshu Province and Yushitai. 2. There are also two elbow and armpit troubles - the Yuan Dynasty Liang King Bazara Valmi who is entrenched in Yunnan, and the Yuan Dynasty Taiwei Nahachu who is entrenched in Liaodong. These two men were loyal to the Yuan Dynasty and had strong troops. Zhu Yuanzhang was worried that if the army went out of the fortress, they would steal the crystal. Therefore, by the time Lao Zhu cut off these two threats and freed up his hands to deal with the Northern Yuan, it was already 12 years later in the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387). At this time, the famous generals of the Ming Dynasty have aged and withered. But Lao Zhu didn't panic, the choice of commander was ready-madeIt's none other than Chang Yuchun's brother-in-law, Yongchang Hou Lanyu. Chang Yuchun died young, and the elite lineage and political legacy he left behind were inherited by Lan Yu. Zhu Yuanzhang intends to cultivate, and the blue jade grows rapidly. Zhu Yuanzhang also designated Chang Yuchun's daughter as the concubine of the crown prince Zhu Biao. Lan Yu has become a hardcore character. A set of combination punches down, Lao Zhu used blue jade, which is called a handy. On September 30, the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387), Zhu Yuanzhang issued an order to gather an army of 100,000 with Lan Yu as the general of the conquest, Tang Shengzong, Marquis of Yan'an, as the left deputy general, and Guo Ying, Marquis of Wuding, as the right deputy general. Goal: Eliminate the remnants of the enemy in Mobei. "However, the remnants of Hu Lu have not been completely extinguished, and they will eventually become border troubles. It is advisable to lead the division to discuss the time of day, and advise: the opportunity to take is still served, and the words are good to encourage the soldiers; Strive for might, expect to succeed; Clear the desert, in one fell swoop. Wait for his reluctance. ”

The list of high-quality authors is full of horses and ready to go. On the Beiyuan side, it is miserable and miserable, and the building is about to collapse. At this time, the emperor of the Northern Yuan Dynasty was named Timur. This big brother is a bit miserable - in the third year of Hongwu (1370), the Ming army conquered Yingchang (now Keshiketeng Banner, Inner Mongolia), and his father, Yuan Zhaozong, loved Litra, left him behind, and slipped away by himself. Note: In the Mongolian Yuanliu compiled by the Qing Dynasty, it is said that Timur was the younger brother of Yuan Zhaozong's Aiyu Zhilitra. In other books, it's the son. In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374), Zhu Yuanzhang sent him back to the grassland for the sake of Huairou Beiyuan. In the eleventh year of Hongwu (1378), his father died, and Timur succeeded him. But when he became the emperor, life became more and more difficult - because since his grandfather Emperor Yuan Shun fled north to the grassland, the Yuan Dynasty lost the rich Central Plains, and those Mongolian nobles who had long been accustomed to the life of brocade clothes and food in the Central Plains suddenly returned to the nomadic life of their ancestors, and few people could stand it. Zhu Yuanzhang is very bad and constantly seduces with generous treatment, so more and more people surrender to the Ming Dynasty, and people's hearts are becoming more and more disheartened. What's even worse is that the original two capitals of the Yuan Dynasty: Shangdu City, were burned by the Red Turban Army in the eighteenth year of Zhizheng (1358); Hala and Lin were destroyed by the Ming army in the fifth year of Hongwu (1372). Poor Timur lived a herding life in the lower reaches of the Krulun River, the birthplace of his ancestors. The so-called "Imperial Palace" is just a larger tent. Moreover, Liaodong has been occupied by the Ming army, and it is very dangerous to continue to stay in the lower reaches of the Krulun River. This is not unknown to Timur, but where can he go? Go to the Western Regions and find the Chagatai Khanate? No way. The Chagatai Khanate nominally respected the Yuan Dynasty as its suzerain, but its relationship with the Yuan Dynasty was not very good. Especially since Kublai Khan began to learn Han culture, Emperor Yuan Shun still adhered to the etiquette of the Han people after running back to the grassland. In the eyes of the traditional Mongols, this is a traitor. It was impossible for them to accept the desperate Northern Yuan Emperor. Surrender to the Ming Dynasty? More unlikely. Zhu Yuanzhang sent people many times to persuade him to surrender, and he must be given land by the king and enjoy all the wealth. But he would rather endure hardships in Saibei than give up the foundation of his ancestors and the dignity of Dayuan. Timur had a backbone. But his men couldn't bear it anymore. Among the Northern Yuan figures who defected to the Ming Dynasty, the most heavyweight was Situ Asu of the Northern Yuan Dynasty. Situ was a high-ranking official in the Yuan Dynasty and belonged to the "Three Princes" level. As a vote, Ah Su brought a crucial piece of information to the Ming Dynasty - the camp of the Northern Yuan Emperor is now in the area of Yuerhai (now called Bell Lake, located on the southwestern edge of the Hulunbuir grassland, a lake shared by China and Mongolia) in the lower reaches of the Krulun River!

This information is so important! Previously, the Ming army had repeatedly made northern expeditions, but the Northern Yuan Emperor could not be found at all. In order to search, it was often necessary to divide the army into several groups, which gave the Northern Yuan a chance to break through. Now that you know, you can concentrate on smashing Huanglong! But it is a pity that it is already winter at this time, and the grassland in the north of the country is frozen for thousands of miles, which is not conducive to large-scale use of troops. Zhu Yuanzhang had no choice but to temporarily let the blue jade army be stationed in the area of Jizhou, and then use troops in the spring. In February of the 21st year of Hongwu (1388), the weather became warmer. Zhu Yuanzhang immediately sent a message to Lan Yu: ". .Reach the court and cover its lair. Don't miss the machine, hope for loneliness! "In order to defeat the Northern Yuan Dynasty in World War I, Lan Yu was also equipped with soldiers and horses such as Deng Zhen of Shenguo, Wang Bi, Marquis of Dingyuan, Zhao Yong, Marquis of Nanxiong, Hu Hai of Dongchuan, Marquis of Heqing, Zhang Yi, Marquis of Xiongwu, Marquis of Huaiyuan, and Cao Xing, Marquis of Huaiyuan. The total number of troops reached 150,000, and the small court of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, which had declined, formed a situation of Mount Tai pressing the top. In early March, the blue jade army, with a momentum like a rainbow, went out of the Great Wall and headed north. What's worse is that on the ninth day of the fourth month, when the army arrived at the South Wandering Spirit Road, which was more than 80 miles away from the fishing sea (it could not be found on the map, and it should be in the territory of today's Eastern Province of Mongolia from the distance), there was no water source within a radius of 100 miles, and the logistics of the Ming army were almost gone. Morale is declining. Fortunately, Lan Yu specially mobilized some of the surrendered Mongolian officers and soldiers (named "Tatar officials") to accompany the army on this expedition, and the important thing was that they were familiar with the grassland geography. One of them, named Guan Tong, was roaring under a hill, and with his experience in the grassland, he judged that there must be an underground river below, and after digging for a while, the groundwater gushed out. The soldiers of the Ming army thundered with joy, believing that this was a gift from heaven and a sign that the battle would be won. The low morale suddenly rose.

However, by April 11, the Ming army had reached Baiyanjing, which was only more than 40 miles away from Yuerhai, but still no trace of the Northern Yuan court was found. Lan Yu couldn't help but have doubts about Ah Su's intelligence, summoned all the generals to discuss, and decided to go back - after all, there were hundreds of thousands of troops, and if they couldn't find the Mongols, they would have to be wiped out. Wang Bi, the Marquis of Dingyuan, stood up and objected: "This time the teacher will cost a lot. Now go back, how to explain to the boss. Lan Yu thought about it, too, so he ordered to camp on the spot, release a large number of scouts, and reconnoiter near the fishing sea. At dawn the next day, Lan Yu received a report from a scout, saying that a large number of tents had been found more than 80 miles northeast of Yuerhai, which was estimated to be the location of the Northern Yuan court. Lan Yu's blood suddenly surged. Changshengtian also abandoned his disciples, and suddenly a strong wind and sand blew, and the grassland vision became very dim. Lan Yu was overjoyed, and immediately ordered Wang Bi to be the vanguard, taking advantage of the wind and sand to cover it, and quickly rushed to the northeast direction of the fishing sea. At dusk, Wang Bi was killed, and with an order, more than 10,000 elite horsemen immediately launched a surprise attack! Timur was stunned, his back molars were crushed, and he regretted it - since Asu defected to the Ming Dynasty, some ministers suggested that he should move his nest and move from the fishing sea for the sake of safety. But he thought that this road was full of deserts and no water and grass, and it was impossible for the Ming army to come from a long distance. Therefore, it was decided to spend the winter in the fishing sea, and when the weather became warmer, it was decided to move to the upper reaches of the Kruren River. Therefore, when the Ming army descended in front of him, the Mongols were busy preparing to move the camp, and there was no defense at all. In this case, the result can be imagined - the highest military commander of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, Taiwei Barbarian, and thousands of Mongolian soldiers were killed. Timur took only his son Tianbaonu and a few personal soldiers to escape by chance. His second son Di Baonu, Wu Wang Duoer, Dai Wang Dalima and other Northern Yuan dignitaries, more than 3,000 generals and officers, more than 77,000 sergeants and their families, more than 47,000 horses, more than 100,000 cattle and sheep, all of them were captured. Lan Yu immediately commanded the pursuit of Timur. Timur wanted to flee west to Hala and Lin, but went to the prime minister to bite him. But people are unlucky, and they will stuff their teeth when they drink cold water. When he ran to the Tula River, he was attacked by the tribal leader Ye Sudier. He is a descendant of Kublai Khan's younger brother, Ali Buge. Here is a history of Mongolia: After the death of the Great Khan of Möngke, the new Great Khan elected by the Council of Mongolian Nobles (Great Kuritai) was originally Ali Buge. But Kublai Khan didn't admit it, and he proclaimed himself the boss. Ali Buge and Kublai Khan broke out into a large-scale civil war. After four years of fierce fighting, Ali Buge was finally defeated and surrendered, and a few years later it is said that he was secretly poisoned by Kublai Khan's order. Because of this layer of grievances, Ali Buge's descendants have always hated Kublai Khan and his descendants. But the situation is stronger than people, and the descendants of Kublai Khan are the Great Yuan Emperor, and no matter how much they hate, they can't retaliate. Therefore, after hearing about the battle in the fishing sea, he decided: Don't fight the water dogs at this time, but when! So he mobilized 3,000 men and horses, laid an ambush in the area of the Tula River early, and waited for Timur to throw himself into the net. In this way, Timur became a ghost under the sword. also snatched the jade seal of the Yuan Dynasty, and then proclaimed himself Great Khan. But the Mongols knew that he killed the king, and they didn't recognize him at all. Some fled south to submit to the Ming Dynasty, some went west to the Chagatai Khanate, and some simply set themselves up as kings. In this way, the Northern Yuan, which threatened the Ming Dynasty for 20 years, completely collapsed and shattered. Zhu Yuanzhang received Lan Yu's good news and was excited. Speaking of Lan Yu, it is his Wei Qing, his Li Jing, and the first god of war in the Ming Dynasty! “.Now I can bow down the armor, drive the grass, rush through the wind and dew, walk through the ground to drink, forbid the fire and sneak, cross the black mountain and approach, chase the hoof and go deep, until the dome. Lord Hu abandoned the seal and fled, and all the kings, horses, concubines of the six palaces, and tribal people all joined him. Although Wei Qing of the Han Dynasty and Li Jing of the Tang Dynasty, how can they pass it?! ”

Blue jade stillsHowever, just a few years later, this god of war has become the person Lao Zhu hates the most. Not only was the door beheaded, but also skinned alive by Lao Zhu and made into a human skin statue (200 years later, Zhang Xianzhong also saw it). The original sin is that in April of the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu (1392), Zhu Biao died. The prince is gone, so *** should be gone. The prince can ** blue jade, which does not mean that the imperial grandson can also. What if a relative gets involved in politics? This is unacceptable to Zhu Yuanzhang. In the future, the history books will always be secretive about this "great master" figure. So much so that Lan Yu's reputation has dropped a lot compared to his actual merits. When later generations mention him, they often only remember that indiscriminate and bloody killing.

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