Wen Cao Chi.
The development and growth of the digital economy is undoubtedly one of the important characteristics of the new technological revolution and industrial transformation, and the digital economy-related industries are also the most dynamic economic sectors in the world.
In general, the definition of the digital economy by international organizations and representative countries has three characteristics: First, it is roughly classified from the perspectives of the digital industry itself and the impact of digital technology formats, which reflects the affirmation of the digital economy as the core driving force of the new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and the high hopes placed on the future development of the digital economy in terms of policy. Second, most of them have adopted a broader scope, mainly because the digital economy is having a profound impact on the development of other industries, and its huge spillover effect is an important feature that distinguishes the digital economy from other emerging industries. Third, different countries have different industrial structures and digital economy foundations, and there are differences in the selection of key directions for the digital economy.
According to the China Industrial Development Report (2023) (hereinafter referred to as the "Report"), although the development of the digital economy has attracted much attention in the world, the technological and economic paradigm belonging to the digital era has not yet taken shape, and there are still huge uncertainties in the development of digital technology, digital industrialization, and the evolution of industrial digitalization. In the short and short term, the development of the core industries of the global digital economy is still significantly higher than the average economic growth rate, and continues to be large-scale, but a new trend of local adjustment has also begun to emerge. Under the overall trend of the great development of the digital economy, the growth rate of some sub-sectors has slowed down, while others have maintained high growth, and the digital transformation of the entire economy and society has also shown asymmetry and imbalance.
According to the report, in recent years, despite the changing international environment and the huge pressure of digital transformation in China, the core industry of China's digital economy still maintains a good momentum of development, the industrial scale remains leading in the world, the industrial development level narrows the gap with the leading countries, the industrial structure is also continuously optimized, the potential of data resources ranks first in the world, the richness of digital technology application scenarios ranks among the top in the world, the talent team is large, and the basic conditions are among the best in the world. 5G and other fields have occupied a leading position in the world. However, at the same time, there are also some obvious shortcomings and institutional defects, such as obvious shortcomings in the industrial chain, a huge talent gap, limited openness of data resources, and narrow fields in digital scenarios. In addition, in the new international environment, competition with developed and other developing countries has intensified, and development risks have increased.
In order to promote the high-quality development of the core industries of the digital economy, the report suggests, first, to strengthen technological innovation and improve the security of the industrial chain. It is necessary to strengthen the basic research and development of digital technology and the layout of cutting-edge technologies, give support at the national level in the fields of chips and basic software with greater risks, and gradually form independent technologies, materials, processes and products that can be replaced, so as to reduce the risk of technological blockade from some countries. It is necessary to build the world's best technology trading, technology transfer, and industrialization infrastructure and scenarios, and attract the world's most advanced digital technologies to land.
The second is to accelerate the ideological transformation and system construction of the application of data elements. Pay attention to the mining, use and value conversion of industrial data elements. It is necessary to promote the opening up of data between various departments and the disclosure to enterprises, establish and improve coordination mechanisms for the development of public data, and steadily promote the opening of public data resources. For enterprises, it is also necessary to promote the sharing and exchange of private data with peers and upstream and downstream stakeholders in the industrial chain within a certain range, and promote the formation of an industrial big data system. Comprehensively weigh the pros and cons, research and implement reasonable rules for the use of industrial data, promote legislation on the confirmation of industrial data rights, and lay the institutional foundation for data as a factor of production. Strengthen the protection of data property rights, while encouraging the disclosure, sharing and trading of data and information, personal and private data are strictly protected by law, and severely crack down on the illegal collection, storage and trading of data and information. Establish an industrial data market to promote the transaction of data property rights, and rely on cloud platforms, innovation platforms, or security platforms to formulate digital and intelligent industry standards for the manufacturing industry.
The third is to promote the development and promotion of digital scenarios. Comprehensively implement the digital technological transformation of the manufacturing industry, promote the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry chain from materials, parts, complete machines, complete sets of equipment to production lines, and promote the in-depth application of intelligent and digital technologies in key industries such as R&D and design, manufacturing, logistics and warehousing, operation and management, and after-sales service.
Promote the application and innovation of China's computing power advantages in the manufacturing industry, promote the innovation of systems and mechanisms in view of the main problems and contradictions in the development of the manufacturing industry, focus on solving the problem of data islands, and promote the opening of data resources, state-owned enterprise data resources, and computing resources to manufacturing enterprises (especially private manufacturing enterprises and small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises), and promote the innovation and development of applications. Further explore the potential advantages of the downstream application market of the manufacturing industry, strengthen the docking of manufacturing, digital economy and downstream application markets, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry with the industrialization and commercialization of a new generation of information technology such as artificial intelligence, 5G, and unmanned driving.
Fourth, we should actively explore new models of international cooperation in the digital era. In line with the development trend of the digital economy and the changes in the international division of labor and environment, with data and information as a link, and the development of the digital economy and "intelligence + manufacturing" as an opportunity, we will actively explore and jointly build a new model of production capacity and cooperation with the "Belt and Road" countries, and drive the formation of a digital cross-border manufacturing network. Focusing on industries in which China has advantages and can give full play to the comparative advantages of emerging market countries, such as electric power, textiles, home appliances, and electronic information manufacturing, the two sides will promote in-depth cooperation at the industrial chain level with data and information as an important link, so as to achieve a win-win situation for both sides, and create a template for cross-border information network interconnection and industrial chain integration. At the same time, grasp the opportunity of changing the rules of the digital economy, give full play to China's advantages in the domestic super-large market and the application of digital technology, enhance the ability to integrate and allocate global resource elements through multiple channels, focus on agricultural products and agrochemical products, electronic information components, key mineral resources and energy and other fields to enhance the influence and control of global technology and intermediate goods trading channels, and actively build a global factor market and trading system based on the digital economy, where China has a leading or influential role.