Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is a spectral light source currently used in atomic emission spectroscopy with good evaporation-atomization-excitation-ionization performance by generating a high-frequency electromagnetic field through an induction coil, so that the working gas forms a plasma and presents a flame-like discharge. It has the characteristics of annular structure, high temperature, high electron density, inert atmosphere, etc., and uses it as an excitation light source with low detection limit, wide linear range, less ionization and chemical interference, high accuracy and high precision analytical performance.
During the measurement, the sample is introduced into the atomization chamber by the carrier gas and atomized, and then enters the central channel of the plasma in the form of an aerosol, where it is fully evaporated, atomized, ionized and excited in a high-temperature inert atmosphere, so that the contained elements emit their own characteristic spectral lines. According to the presence or absence of characteristic spectral lines of each element, the presence or absence of elements in the sample was qualitatively analyzed. From the intensity of the characteristic spectral lines, the content of the corresponding elements is analyzed in a fixed and complete amount.
ICP ionization sources are typically equipped with either an MS detector or an OES (AES) detector. Both of these can analyze multiple samples at the same time, with high precision, good accuracy, and a wide range of applications. Due to the different detectors, these two detection methods are somewhat different in use: ICP-OES (AES) high sensitivity, low detection limit (ppm level), wide dynamic linear range and multi-element simultaneous analysis, usually used for trace and some macro element qualitative and full analysis, and the application range of industries is also wide; ICP-MS has the ability of qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements, isotopes, and speciations, and the lower limit of detection is better than that of ICPoES (PPB level). Due to its convenience, speed, high precision and high accuracy, it has a wide range of applications in formula analysis.
The impurity elements in the cathode material refer to the components other than the main element and the meta-elements introduced by coating or doping. Some metal elements present in the cathode material usually refer to trace metals such as iron, sodium, chromium, copper, nickel, aluminum, molybdenum, cobalt, zinc in the test sample, and their content has an impact on the performance of the battery and is regarded as metal impurities. Tramp elements are generally introduced through raw materials or during the production process, and they can seriously affect the electrochemical performance of the battery, so it is necessary to accurately measure the content of impurity elements.
The inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP) irradiates the digested sample to convert the corresponding object into an atomic or ionic state, and the emission intensity is detected by the spectrometer. The results are obtained by comparing the plots.
In the "quality management of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries", it is pointed out that the performance of lithium-ion batteries is closely related to the quality of cathode materials, when there are metal impurities such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), silver (Ag) and other metal impurities in the cathode materials, these metals will first be oxidized at the cathode and then reduced at the anode, when the metal elements at the negative electrode accumulate to a certain extent, the hard edges and corners of the deposited metal will pierce the separator, causing the battery to self-discharge and causing damage to the battery. Even fatal effects. Therefore, it is particularly important to ensure the purity of the cathode from the source and prevent the introduction of metal impurities and foreign substances for battery production.
determination of trace elements in lithium-ion battery cathode materials by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (icp-oes)"This literature describes in detail the method and results for the determination of trace elements in cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries using ICP-OES technology.
impurity analysis of lithium-ion battery cathode materials by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms)"This literature focuses on the use of ICP-MS techniques to analyze impurities in lithium-ion battery cathode materials and may discuss the impact of impurities on battery performance.
comparative study of icp-oes and icp-ms for the determination of trace impurities in lithium-ion battery cathode materials"This paper compares the accuracy and applicability of ICP-OES and ICP-MS for the determination of trace impurities in cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
impurity characterization of lithium-ion battery cathode materials using inductively coupled plasma techniques"This literature covers the use of inductive coupling techniques, including ICP-OES and ICP-MS, for the characterization of impurities in lithium-ion battery cathode materials.
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