Wei Ying died in Wei and entered Qin, and the filial piety was the prime minister, and he was sealed in Shang, called Shangjun. Shang Jun ruled Qin, the law was enforced, fair and selfless, the punishment was not shy and powerful, the reward was not private and close, the law and the prince, and the Fu of the Emperor. After the period, the road will not be forgotten, the people will not take it in vain, and the military will be revolutionizedBig strong, the princes were afraid. However, it is deeply gracious, especially with the ears of strong obedienceAfter eight years of filial piety, he couldn't afford to be sick, and he wanted to pass on the businessman, but he couldn't resign.
Xiaogong has died, and after King Hui has been replaced, he has been in power for a long time, and the Shang monarch has returned. People say that King Hui said:If the minister is too heavy, the country is in danger, and if the left and right are too close, he is in danger. Today, the women and babies of the Qin Dynasty all say the law of the Shang Jun, and the law of the Mo Yan King is the Shang Jun, and the King is more ministerial. And the husband and the king, the king of Gu Qiu Yun also, may the king figure it
Shang Jun returned, King Hui was split, and the Qin people did not take pity on him.
Wei Ying: The descendants of the nobles of the Wei Kingdom, also known as Gongsun Marting, Qin Xiaogong sealed him in Shang, so he was named Shang Marting. In the Wei period, he was the imperial concubine of Wei Xiangguo's uncle (concubine is an official name, a retainer and the like. When his uncle was critically ill, King Hui asked him to recommend a candidate who could succeed him as prime minister, and he bluntly said that he would recommend Gongsun Martingale but was not adopted. In order to avoid being killed, in the first year of Qin Xiao's reign (361 BC), Gongsun Ying fled from Wei to Qin. "Historical Records" has "The Biography of Shang Jun". Death: Escape.
Filial piety: the son of Qin Xiangong, Mingqu Liang, the twenty-ninth monarch of Qin, reigned from 361 BC to 338 BC.
Shang: There is a reason in the east ninety miles of Shang County, Shaanxi Province. Historical Records: The Biography of Shang Jun "Yun": "Wei Ying broke Wei and returned, Qin Feng Yu, Shang Fifteen Yi, called Shang Jun." ”
Jun: An honorific title in ancient times, such as Meng Weijun, Pingyuan Jun, Chunshen Jun, etc.
To: Large. Decree to Act: New law with great fanfare.
Obscurity: avoid taboos, conceal.
Powerful: A strong clan. Gongzi Qian and Gongsun Jia are all the princes of Qin, which refers to this.
Private: favoritism, favoritism.
Reward not personal intimacy: Those who are close to you have made meritorious contributions, and those who should be rewarded will never engage in favoritism.
Crown Prince: Refers to King Qin Hui, who later ascended to the throne.
黥 (sound): The punishment of piercing the face, tattooing marks or words on the face, and then applying ink, that is, ink punishment, is a kind of ancient corporal punishment.
劓 (phonetic): one of the five punishments in ancient times, the torture of cutting off the nose. "Historical Records: The Biography of Shang Jun": "The prince violated the law, and Wei Ying said: 'If the law does not work, it will be violated from above.'" 'Prince Shofa. The crown prince and the heir shall not be punished; Punish his Fu Gongzi Qian, and his master Sun Jia. "Again" the son broke the covenant after piousness, and cut it down. ”
This sentence means: If the prince breaks the law, his teacher will be punished with death or execution. Fu: The Prince's teacher.
Period (phonetic) year: Anniversary.
Legacy: Something that is missing. The road is not forgotten: Gao Luyun "The relics are in the road, and I dare not pick them up." ”
Delusion: Chaos. The people don't take it in vain: Gao Luyun "The people are not their things, and they dare not take it." ”
Bing: weapons, **leather: armor and armor made of leather. Bing Ge: refers to the armed forces, the strength of troops.
The princes are afraid: "Anthology, Jia Yi, and Treatise on the Passage of Qin" "Qin Xiaogong is strong, the letter is solid, and he embraces the land of Yongzhou...Shang Jun Zuozhi, the internal law system, farming and weaving, and the preparation for war; Outside the balance and the princes. So the Qin people surrendered their hands and took the West River. "You can see it here.
Deep: The punishment is severe, harsh, and harsh. Lack of grace: Lack of benevolence.
Special: Only. Special to subdue the ear: just blindly use force to subdue people.
Yao Xiao: "There is the word 'ten' under the 'zhi' in a book. "Historical Records: The Biography of Shang Jun" "Shang Jun has been in Qin for ten years, and filial piety is a pawn. Suo Yin: ""Warring States Policy" cloud, filial piety and business law died in the eighteenth year. Different from this article, Gai Lian said the year of his appearance. "And "Qin Benji" "Three years, Wei Ying said filial piety, changing the law and repairing the punishment ......If the people use the martingale method, the people will do it. The people who lived for three years were convenient, and they worshiped the martingale as the left chief. Then Qin Xiaogong six years worship martingale for the left chief, from the left long one year to the twenty-fourth year of filial piety death, is with the "eighteen" together, so "eight" on the "ten" word.
Biography: Give way. Qin Xiaogong knew that the nobles were against Shang Ying, and he wanted to continue to insist on changing the law, so he planned to give way to Shang Ying. Zhang Shangyunyun: "The filial piety of the Shang Jun said that there is nothing in the "Historical Records: The Biography of Shang Jun". Looking at the disaster of his car cracking, or because of this, it is not only the revenge of the pious Jia. Since the Yangcheng Jishan Mountain, the lord of the people trusted his ministers, so he imitated. Zi Xu, Zizhi, and the Warring States Period. ”
King Wei Hui also wanted to give up the country to Huizi. Gai was in such a fashion at that time, and the monarch deceived the world and invited fame, which was even more hypocritical.
King Hui: Mingsi, the son of Xiaogong, the thirtieth monarch of Qin, reigned from 337 BC to 311 BC, and the fourteenth year (324 BC) was the first year, called the king, that is, King Huiwen.
Generation: Die, Wheel, Follow. After: Jun. Generation: Succession to the throne.
Governance: Temporary government, governance. Yes: Not long.
Farewell: Please take a leave of absence. Referring to the Shang monarch who was afraid of being killed by King Hui, he wanted to return to the fiefdom Shang. Bao Biaoyun: "Fear of punishment and return to business." Guan Xiulingyun: "Sue, please take leave." In the Han system, the official should be exempted from illness for three months, and the Son of Heaven gave him a notice, so that he brought a ribbon and returned home to recuperate, which was called 'giving advice'. There is another 'complaint'. The cover can be seen here. This article is different from the fact that after King Hui wants to offend the Shang monarch, then "returning" should be a leave of absence to return to his fiefdom. "Chu Kaoli King No Child Chapter": "Li Yuan's spring Shenjun has returned. "Returning" means "returning", also known as "asking for leave", which is a system common to the Warring States.
Say: Persuasion, lobbying. Body: Refers to the king himself.
Mo: No. Change: change, change, change.
Qiu Yun (音雠): enemy, enemy. Because Shang Ying had "the law and the prince, and the prince of the law, and the prince of Xuan", he wanted King Hui to take revenge on this matter. Picture: Planning, planning, planning. "Historical Records: The Biography of Shang Jun" says: "The pious disciples of the prince sued the Shang Jun for rebellion. ”
Shang Jun returned: Shang Jun wanted to return to Wei, but failed, and returned to Qin. "Historical Records: The Biography of Shang Jun" cloud: "The officials arrested Shang Jun, Shang Jun died, and when he reached the pass, he wanted to give up the guest house." The guest did not know that he was a merchant and said: 'The law of the merchant is to sit on the person who has not been tested (the person staying needs to verify his identity, otherwise the owner will be seated)'. Shang Jun sighed and said, "Huh, for the sake of the law, that's it! 'Go to Wei (Ben Wei State). The Wei people wronged their deceitful sons and broke the Wei division, and they accepted (did not accept).Shang Jun re-entered Qin and went to ShangyiQin sent troops to attack Shangyi and killed him in Zheng Michi. King Qin Huiwen was martyred (martyred for filial piety). ”
Car Split: One of the cruel capital punishments of ancient times. The limbs and heads of the condemned were tied to five chariots, and the five horses drove at the same time, splitting and tearing apart limbs. It is also known as "轘" (sound ring) or "轘torture", also known as "dismemberment", commonly known as "five horses dividing the corpse". Eighteen years of Zuo Chuan Huan Gong": "(Qi people) Yu Gao Qu Mi. It can be seen that in the Spring and Autumn Period, there was already a punishment of car splitting. During the Warring States Period, Zhang Yi and Chang Yu were both punished by car splitting.
Pity: pity, sympathy, nostalgia.
Translation: Wei Ying fled from Wei and came to Qin, where Qin Xiaogong appointed him Xiangguo, gave him Shang land, and called him Shang Jun. Shang Jun governed the Qin State, implemented the new law with great fanfare, was fair and selfless, even if the powerful clan violated the law, he had to punish, never forgive, and those close to him made meritorious service, and those who were close to him were rewarded, and never favoritism, the prince broke the law, and the prince's teacher was punished with a sword. A year after the Shang Emperor's decree came into effect, no one picked up what others had lost on the roads of Qin, and the common people did not take their share of property, and the state was so powerful that all the princes feared Qin. However, Shang Jun's law enforcement was too harsh and harsh, and he just blindly used force to subdue the people. Eighteen years after Qin Xiaogong appointed Shang Yang to change the law, he was seriously ill and bedridden, so he wanted to pass the throne to Shang Jun, but Shang Jun insisted on not accepting it.
Later, when Duke Xiao died, King Hui succeeded to the throne, and soon after King Hui came to power, Shang Jun was afraid that King Hui would harm him, so he wanted to return to the fiefdom Shang.
Someone said to King Qin Hui: "The minister's excessive power will endanger the country, and the close ministers and relatives who assist the left and right will endanger themselves." Now even women, girls and children in the Qin State are talking about the decrees of the Shang monarch, but no one is talking about the decrees of the king. This makes the Shang monarch rebel against the minister, and the king has become a human minister. Moreover, Shang Jun was originally the enemy of the king, and hoped that the king would take measures against him. ”
Shang Jun failed to return to Wei and returned to Qin, and King Qin Hui inflicted capital punishment on Shang Ying, but the Qin people did not pity him.
Press: Qin: According to legend, Bo Fei (Yinyi) raised birds and beasts for Shun, and was given the surname Ying because of his merit. By the time of King Xiao of Zhou, he was named a vassal, and Yi Qin (now Tianshui County, Gansu Province, that is, the former Qincheng), called: "Qin Huan". When it was passed to Qin Xianggong (777 BC - 766 BC), because of the merit of Xirong (an ethnic minority in the ancient West), King Ping of Zhou (770 BC - 720 BC) gave Yiqi (now the northeast of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province) and Feng (now the east of Huxian County, Shaanxi Province) lands, and was listed as a prince. It has been passed down from generation to generation, gradually developing, and occupies the central part of present-day Shaanxi Province and the southeastern part of Gansu Province. By the time of Qin Mugong (659 BC - 620 BC), he was one of the five tyrants of the Spring and Autumn Period. The national capital was originally in Yong (now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), and in the twelfth year of Qin Xiaogong (350 BC), due to the Shang Dynasty reform, the capital was moved to Xianyang (now Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province). Later, it expanded more land and annexed Ba (present-day eastern Sichuan Province and western Hubei Province) and Shu (present-day western Sichuan Province). In the forty-fourth year of King Xian of Zhou, he became king in the thirteenth year of King Huiwen of Qin (325 BC). In the twenty-sixth year of the First Emperor (221 BC), the six kingdoms were merged and the world was unified. The "Historical Records" include "Qin Benji" and "Qin Shi Huang Benji".
Warring States Policy", Qin's lineage is self-lily, Gonggong, Mangy, Huai, Ling, Jian, Hui, Zhuong, Xiangong, Xiaogong, Huiwen Wang, Wu Wang, Zhaoxiang Wang, Xiaowen Wang, Zhuangxiang Wang, the first emperor, the fifteenth generation. Until the first emperor destroyed the six kingdoms, the beginning of the merger of the world.