The Great Wall, a world-famous architectural marvel, is not only a symbol of China, but also a treasure of human civilization. It meanders and traverses the mountains and rivers of northern China and has witnessed countless historical changes. This article will delve into the historical background and expansion process of the construction of the Great Wall, and reveal how this dragon has become the patron saint of the Chinese nation step by step.
1. The origin and early construction of the Great Wall
The construction of the Great Wall,It can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, in order to defend each other and defend against foreign invasions, the various vassal states built walls on their own territories. After Qin Shi Huang unified the six countries,In order to consolidate his rule and prevent the invasion of the northern nomads, he connected these scattered wallsThe early Great Wall was formed. The Great Wall of this period was mainly composed of earth and stone structures, and the scale was relatively small.
2. Historical Background: The Alternation of War and Peace
The construction and expansion of the Great Wall has always been closely linked to the need for war and peace. During the Han Dynasty, the Great Wall was further strengthened and extended to defend against the invasion of the Xiongnu. By the Ming Dynasty, due to the threat of Mongol tribes in the north, the Great Wall ushered in the largest expansion, forming the main part of what we see today.
3. Expansion process: the evolution from earth and stone to masonry
1.Han Dynasty Period:During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to resist the invasion of the Xiongnu, the Han Dynasty carried out a large-scale expansion of the Great Wall, making it from Dunhuang in the west to Liaodong in the east, with a total length of nearly 10,000 li, so it was named "the Great Wall of 10,000 miles". The newly built Great Wall not only extended to the west, but also added many beacon towers and passes, forming a more complete defense system. In addition, the Great Wall of the Han Dynasty also adopted a masonry structure, which greatly improved the durability of the Great Wall.
2.Northern Wei Dynasty to Liaojin Period:During this period, the Great Wall underwent many repairs and expansions, and the structure gradually changed from earth and stone to masonry, and its defensive capabilities were enhanced.
3.Ming Dynasty Period:The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty was the most glorious period in the history of construction. In order to defend against the invasion of nomadic peoples such as Mongolia in the north, the Ming Dynasty carried out a comprehensive construction and reinforcement of the Great Wall, with a total length of about 8,850 kilometers, which is the largest and most arduous section of the Great Wall in all dynasties. During this period, the Great Wall was not only large-scale, but also technologically advanced, using masonry masonry, beacon towers and other facilities, which greatly improved the defensive function of the Great Wall.
During the expansion of the Ming Dynasty, special attention was paid to the strategic layout of the Great Wall. The Great Wall is not only a line of defense, but also a complete defense system. Passes and castles, beacon towers and other facilities have been set up along the line, forming a complete multi-level defense network system. This strategic layout made the Great Wall play an important role in defending against the invasion of northern nomads.
4. The military and cultural significance of the Great Wall and its world cultural heritage
The Great Wall is not only a military defense project, but also carries a profound cultural connotation. Its construction and expansion not only reflect the wisdom and strength of the ancient Chinese people, but also demonstrate the spirit of perseverance and self-improvement of the Chinese nation. It has witnessed the transformation of the Chinese nation from the first to the unification.
1. The process from decline to rejuvenation is an important carrier of the history and culture of the Chinese nation.
However, over time, the military function of the Great Wall has gradually diminished, but its value as a cultural heritage has become more prominent. In 1987, the Great Wall was included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List and became the common wealth of all mankind. The Great Wall is not only the pride of China, but also a symbol of world civilization.
In summary, the construction and expansion of the Great Wall was a long process that spanned several dynasties and lasted for thousands of years. It is not only a line of defense, but also the embodiment of the Chinese nation's perseverance and courageous fighting spirit. Today, this ancient Great Wall still stands on the land of China and has become the focus of attention of people all over the world, attracting countless tourists to make pilgrimages. The Great Wall, as the pride of the Chinese nation, will continue to be praised by future generations, and its story will forever be engraved in the long river of history.
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