The first work report submitted for consideration on March 5 proposed to adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, fulfill the responsibility of ensuring the basic and bottom line, take more measures to benefit the people's livelihood and warm the hearts of the people, solidly promote common prosperity, promote social harmony and stability, and continuously enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness and security.
In this year's work report, a series of measures are taken to respond to the needs of multi-group and multi-level people's livelihood. Focusing on the details of people's livelihood with strength and temperature in the report, a "people's livelihood list" jumps into view.
Employment: Strengthen policies and measures to promote youth employment, and expand pilot projects for occupational injury protection for employees in new forms of employment
Employment is the most basic livelihood of the people. The main expected development targets for this year include more than 12 million new jobs in urban areas. The report proposes that more than 11.7 million college graduates are expected to be graduates this year, and policy measures to promote youth employment should be strengthened. Improve the safeguard measures for flexible employment services by category, and expand the pilot project of occupational injury protection for employees in new forms of employment.
Jin Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and vice president of the Southern University of Science and Technology, said that at present, the pressure on total employment is unabated, and structural contradictions still exist. On the basis of continuous strengthening, this year's employment stabilization policy has strengthened the pertinence of solving structural contradictions in employment, made a series of precise deployments to promote the matching of labor supply and demand, and made greater efforts to support the employment of key groups such as college graduates and the protection of the rights and interests of employees in new business forms, so as to help high-quality and full employment.
Education: Improve the conditions of rural boarding schools and promote the inclusive development of preschool education
The report proposes to improve the conditions for running rural boarding schools, continue to deepen the "double reduction", promote the inclusive development of preschool education, and strengthen the construction of ordinary high schools at the county level. Implement a pilot project for comprehensive reform of higher education. Vigorously develop digital education.
Lan Zhen, Secretary of the Party Committee of Zhangzhou Experimental Primary School in Fujian Province, suggested that the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens should be consolidated and improved, and the per capita funding system for public kindergartens should be improved.
Wang Xiaomei, deputy to the National People's Congress and vice principal of Qingshen Middle School in Meishan City, Sichuan Province, suggested that the improvement of teaching and living conditions in boarding schools should be promoted on a regular basis to ensure the healthy growth and all-round development of rural students.
Medical: Implement and improve the settlement of medical treatment in other places, and promote mutual recognition of inspection and test results
The report proposes that the per capita financial subsidy standard for residents' medical insurance will be increased by 30 yuan. Improve the national centralized drug procurement system. Implement and improve the settlement of medical treatment in other places. Promote mutual recognition of inspection results. Strengthen the coordination and linkage of county and rural medical services, and expand the types of drugs used for chronic diseases and common diseases in primary medical and health institutions.
Wang Xiaopin, former secretary of the Party Committee of Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, said that the cross-provincial settlement of medical insurance has effectively solved the problem of "running errands and advancing funds" for the insured people to seek medical treatment in different places, and the next step is to coordinate the medical insurance reimbursement policy for difficult diseases and rare diseases; We will continue to support the construction of national and provincial-level regional medical centers to solve the problem of unbalanced medical resources, so that the masses can see a doctor and receive reimbursement and run fewer errands.
The results of inspections between different medical institutions are mutually recognized, avoiding duplicate inspections and waste of resources. Fu Xiaoyun, vice president of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, said that there are still some "blockages" in the mutual recognition of inspection and test results, and it is necessary to strengthen the construction of informatization and further break down data barriers.
Pension: Implement the personal pension system in the country and vigorously develop the silver economy
The report proposes that the minimum monthly standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents will be increased by 20 yuan, and the basic pension for retirees will continue to be raised. A personal pension system has been implemented throughout the country. Intensify efforts to make up for shortcomings in rural pension services. Vigorously develop the silver economy. Promote the establishment of a long-term care insurance system.
The personal pension system has been implemented in 36 places including Beijing and Shanghai since November 2022, which has met the diversified pension needs of residents to a certain extent. Member Bai Tao, chairman of the board of directors of the Chinese Life Group, suggested that we should sum up experience in a timely manner, appropriately raise the upper limit of the payment amount, increase the intensity of tax incentives, continuously enhance the attractiveness of products, and increase the enthusiasm of the masses to participate.
There are nearly 300 million elderly people in China, and the diversified, differentiated and personalized needs of the elderly group are pregnant with new opportunities for the development of the silver economy. Luo Yunfeng, mayor of Hefei City, said that the silver economy involves a wide range, a long industrial chain, and diversified business formats, and should focus on the development of potential industries such as smart and healthy pension, assistive devices, pension finance, and elderly tourism according to the needs of the elderly group.
Childbirth: Optimize the maternity leave system and increase the supply of childcare services through multiple channels
The report proposes to improve the birth support policy, optimize the maternity leave system, improve the reasonable sharing mechanism of labor costs of business entities, increase the supply of childcare services through multiple channels, and reduce the burden of family childbirth, parenting and education.
Yang Shanhong, deputy mayor of Fuyang City, Anhui Province, suggested that through cash subsidies, individual income tax deductions, corporate income tax reductions and exemptions and other measures, the cost of childbirth should be reasonably shared by individuals, enterprises and enterprises; Guarantee maternity leave and other related policies are truly implemented; Increase the supply of childcare services, improve the quality of childcare services, actively promote the integration of childcare, form a variety of forms of service networks, and effectively alleviate the worries of young people about childbirth.
Consumption: Actively cultivate new consumption growth points and implement a paid leave system
The report proposes to actively cultivate new consumption growth points such as smart homes, cultural and entertainment tourism, sports events, and domestic "trendy products". Promote the expansion and quality of services such as elderly care, childcare, and housekeeping, and support social forces in providing community services. Implement a paid leave system.
Qu Yongyi, secretary of the party committee of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and member of the CPPCC National Committee, said: Stimulating the potential of consumption and promoting the steady growth of consumption is conducive to enhancing the role of domestic demand in stimulating economic growth. The series of consumption expansion deployments in the report are expected to further release the potential of China's super-large-scale market and support the continuous recovery of economic operation from various aspects such as enhancing consumption capacity, improving the consumption environment, enhancing consumption willingness, and optimizing consumption structure.
Environmental protection: Strengthen the control of solid waste, new pollutants and plastic pollution, and promote the green transformation of industrial structure and energy structure
The report proposes that energy consumption per unit of GDP will be reduced by 2About 5%. Strengthen the control of solid waste, new pollutants and plastic pollution. Organize and fight the three landmark battles of the "Three Norths" project. Promote the green transformation of industrial structure, energy structure, transportation structure, and urban and rural construction development. Solidly carry out the "Ten Actions to Peak Carbon Emissions". Establish a carbon footprint management system.
Wu Daiyu, vice president of Jiangxi Pingxiang College and member of the CPPCC National Committee, said that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" has become the green consensus of the whole society. It is necessary to coordinate the promotion of green and low-carbon development in key areas, and continue to promote pollution prevention and control. In response to the report's mention of strengthening the treatment of new pollutants, Wu suggested that the environmental management registration system for new chemical substances should be fully and thoroughly implemented, the public's awareness of the treatment of new pollutants should be improved, and the use and promotion of alternative materials should be strengthened.
Three rural: appropriately increase the minimum purchase price of wheat, and start the second round of land contracts to be extended for another 30 years after the expiration of the province-wide pilot
The report proposes to appropriately raise the minimum purchase price of wheat, implement the production cost and income insurance policies of the three major staple grains throughout the country, and improve the income guarantee mechanism for grain farmers. After the expiration of the second round of land contracts, the second round of land contracts will be extended for another 30 years in the whole province. Strengthen the construction of charging piles, cold chain logistics, mail and distribution facilities, and increase the seismic transformation of rural houses.
Deputy Zhao Lixin, director of the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas aims to benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers. The launch of the second round of land contracts after the expiration of the extension of the province-wide pilot project for another 30 years is conducive to further enhancing the expectation and vitality of agricultural development. The report proposes to appropriately raise the minimum purchase price of wheat to help stabilize the expectation of grain income and ensure national food security.
Housing: To meet the needs of residents for rigid housing and diversified improved housing
The report proposes to accelerate the construction of a new model of real estate development. Increase the construction and supply of affordable housing, improve the basic system related to commercial housing, and meet the needs of residents for rigid housing and diversified and improved housing. Steadily implement urban renewal actions, promote the construction of "level-emergency dual-use" public infrastructure and the transformation of urban villages, accelerate the improvement of underground pipe networks, promote the solution of problems such as the installation of elevators and parking in old residential areas, and strengthen the construction of barrier-free and age-appropriate facilities.
Jing Puqiu, chairman of the Shanxi Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce and president of the Provincial Chamber of Commerce, said that the real estate-related policies proposed in the report not only solve the pain points of rigid housing demand, but also emphasize the improvement of living comfort, which is conducive to promoting the smooth operation of the real estate market and accelerating the transformation. Recently, some cities have adjusted and optimized the property market regulation and control policies according to the actual situation, and it is recommended that all localities continue to implement city-specific policies to support the release of rigid and improved housing demand, and hold up the people's "dream of living in peace".
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Produced by the editorial department of China Consumer Daily.
*Xinhua.
Edited by Li Xiaoyu.
Producer: He Yongpeng, Ren Zhenyu.