Modern science and technology have proven that each person's fingerprint is unique and has characteristics that are unique and eternal. Fingerprint technology has been widely used in the field of criminal investigation.
In fact, our understanding and use of fingerprints did not begin in modern times, as early as thousands of years ago, people began to use fingerprints for personal identification. Therefore, ancient China is considered to be the birthplace of global fingerprint technology and the first country to use fingerprint recognition technology.
However, it was inevitable that the technological level of antiquity was limited. Even if they understand the advantages and role of fingerprint technology, how do they map their fingerprints to individuals, and what criteria do they need to rely on?
In the Neolithic period, people changed from the "stone culture" that used stone tools to the "mud culture" that used water and clay as raw materials and then set them through fire.
The pottery of this period was handmade, and fingerprints were often left on the walls. In 1978, the Ministry of Public Security found fingerprints on pottery unearthed from the Banpo site during the Yangshao cultural period.
This unavoidable residue of finger marks during the production process is called a natural or unconscious residue.
Let's talk about the application of ancient fingerprints. Although it is still inconclusive as to the period in which the earliest fingerprints appeared in China, we can see from the excavated records of the "Bamboo Slips of the Qin Tomb in the Land of the Sleeping Tiger" that traces of human hands and knees were used in forensic appraisals or reports at the end of the Warring States period.
For example, there is a case in which a thief committed a theft and left six marks on his hands and knees, both inside and outside the cave, which were then used by officials for investigation.
Although the outcome of the case is not recorded, it can be seen that the idea at that time was to use traces to solve the case. After the Qin Dynasty, there were many cases of using fingerprints to solve cases in China's history books.
The Han and Tang dynasties, the "handprints" and "handprints" and "hand models" in the Song and Yuan dynasties all had the effect of anti-perjury, and they had legal effect in the lives and transactions of the ancients.
Fingerprints can be used to find people in question, or as a way to identify them, such as by pressing a fingerprint. The reason why the ancients retained the form of handprints was largely because most of the people at that time were uneducated and could not write their own names, so painting became a helpless choice.
Over time, it became customary for people to put their handprints on the slips as a sign of approval. Because of the popularity of fingerprints, many dynasties began to strengthen the study of fingerprints.
However, the ancients did not reach the level of modern scientific cognition, and they could only prevent fraud by discovering the pattern of fingerprints.
Ancient fingerprint identification: Based on the shape of fingerprints, there was a "bucket book" in ancient China to record soldiers' fingerprints for inspection. Since the Song Dynasty, fingerprints have become the physical evidence of criminal proceedings, and the history of the Song Dynasty records that a gambling young man stole his mother's land contract for gambling debts, and was found to be perjured by the new county order Yuanjiang through fingerprint identification, and the land was returned.
1.During the Yuan Dynasty, the judgment of the authenticity of fingerprints was applied in the judicial field. The Mu'an Collection records a case in which a wealthy man used a deed of sale to make a family of 17 his slaves, but the 17 handprints on the deed of sale raised questions.
Pan Ze of the Sentencing Department found that after observing the fingerprints, these fingerprints were all **, which did not match the 13-year-old child among the 17 people. Pan Ze further found five 13-year-old teenagers to press their fingerprints in the court, and the results showed that the fingerprints on the rich man's deed of sale did not match the fingerprints of these teenagers.
Pan Ze's irrefutable evidence forced the rich to admit that the deed of sale was forged and destroyed it. 2.China is the first country among the four ancient civilizations in the world to discover the written records of pottery fingerprints and fingerprints, with a history of more than 6,000 years.
In contrast, the first use of fingerprints abroad to solve crimes was in Argentina in 1892, nearly 2,000 years later than the Chinese.