The Yuan Dynasty is one of the dynasties in Chinese history, although there is some controversy about calling it Chinese history in the context of the existence of the present-day Mongolian state. But given that there are still Mongols in China, this perception is not wrong. Recently, around this dynasty, I have heard an interesting saying. As we all know, the Guozuo of the Yuan Dynasty was the shortest of the Great Unification Dynasty.
Only ninety-seven years, as for why the Yuan Dynasty's Guozuo was so short. The explanation given by its successor, the Ming Dynasty, is that Hu Lu has no national fortune for a hundred years. I am noncommittal about it, and metaphysical things cannot be admitted or denied. And the interesting statement I heard has given an explanation for why the Yuan Dynasty was not enough for a hundred years. At the time of this explanation, the Guozuo of the Yuan Dynasty was not ninety-seven years.
Rather, it should be the sum of the national Zuo of the Southern Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty, that is, more than 200 years. Looking at it this way, although the Yuan Dynasty is not very long, it has at least reached the average standard of the Great Unification Dynasty Guozuo. So what is the reason for such a recognition? It is because Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty, once said something after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty. The original text is classical Chinese, so I won't post it.,The simple explanation is.。
The system of the Southern Song Dynasty remained unchanged, and the Yuan Dynasty covered the coffin and took over all of them. So the Yuan Dynasty was not so much about re-establishing a dynasty as it was about continuing to rule from the Southern Song Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty has had more than 100 years of accumulated shortcomings, and the Yuan Dynasty continued to rule on this basis, so its national glory will be less than a hundred years. Speaking of which, I believe that the reason for this view should be clear to netizens.
So is this claim reliable? It seems to me to be unreliable, and there are two reasons why it is unreliable. The first is that the Yuan Dynasty was different from other great unified dynasties in that it did not have the same organizational structure. The Southern Song Dynasty is a typical system of emperors and officials, local prefectures, provinces and counties. But this was not the case in the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty did not have sinicization in the first place, and there was no bureaucracy in the second.
Stopping the imperial examination is said to suppress the Han people, but it is better to say that even if the imperial examination is held in the Yuan Dynasty, it is useless to recruit people. Some people may wonder, how did the Yuan Dynasty levy taxes and levy troops without a bureaucratic system? And how do you maintain local rule? To answer the question of taxation first, the main force of the Yuan Dynasty's finances was the commercial tax rather than the agricultural tax. The imposition of agricultural taxes requires a bureaucratic system, whereas commercial taxes do not.
It is only necessary to set up a designated organization and recruit a small number of ** in charge of this organization. The second issue is conscription, the Yuan Dynasty was reluctant to let the Han people become soldiers, on the one hand, it was afraid that the Han people would rebel against themselves as soldiers. On the other hand, the Mongols also really believed that the Han Chinese were not as strong as the Mongols. Therefore, the two major functions of the bureaucratic system, taxation and conscription, were not needed in the Yuan Dynasty.
Naturally, there is no need for a bureaucratic system, and the last question is, how to maintain local rule? The Yuan Dynasty was somewhat similar to the Roman Republic, where the Roman rule over the outer provinces was by sending a governor to lead a certain number of troops to defend the area and provide security, while the provinces only needed to support the army.
After explaining these three questions, it is natural that the Yuan Dynasty was short-lived because the statement that it took over the Southern Song Dynasty was self-defeating. After all, the systems of the two dynasties are not the same, how can it be said that it is an inheritance relationship? If you don't inherit the national honor of the two sides, it should be counted separately. What do netizens think about this? Everyone is welcome to leave a message in the comment area and communicate with me.