History and Culture The impact of a misuse of place names in Su Shi s poems Zhou Lunbin

Mondo History Updated on 2024-03-04

The eastern slope is a metaphor for ancient place names

Misuse of "Hanjia" to the present day

The impact of the misuse of a place name in Su Shi's poem

Zhou Lunbin. In the fifth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1089), Su Shi served as the governor of Hangzhou, and when he learned that his colleague Zhang Bowen would go to his hometown to serve as the governor of Jiazhou (now Leshan), he gave this poem as a gift and wrote the famous poem "Send Zhang Jiazhou" that has been passed down through the ages

Sheng didn't want to seal the marquis of Wanhu, and he didn't want to know Han Jingzhou.

I would like to be a Han Jiashou and travel to Lingyun when carrying wine.

The false name is useless, but in the dream to the mouth of Longhong.

Fuyun Xuanmian is not enough, but it is difficult to start.

The moon of Mount Emei is half in autumn, and the shadow enters the water flow of the Pingqiang River.

Qi Xian's words are difficult to understand, please go upstairs when you look at the moon.

Talking and laughing about everything, pay for Dongyan wine for a while.

When he returned, he received a lot of money, and his kindness was not against Huang Fasuo.

In particular, "the young man does not want to be the marquis of Wanhu, nor does he want to know Han Jingzhou." I would like to be Han Jiashou and be famous all over the world when I carry wine.

There is no doubt that this poem was written in ancient Jiazhou and Leshan today, because the title of the poem and its content are ironclad evidence. The poem borrows the word "Hanjia" to refer to Jiazhou. However, "Hanjia" does not conform to history, whether it is Nan'an County, Jiazhou, Jiading Mansion (Jiading Prefecture), Leshan County, the word "Hanjia" has never appeared. Jiazhou was born in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (579) with the meaning of "county land Jiamei". "Yuanhe County Atlas" contains: "According to the old county of Hanjia near the Han Dynasty, because of the name", the name of "Jiazhou" appeared. This could not be clearer: there was no "Jiazhou" in the Han Dynasty, and "Hanjia" was not Jiazhou, and it did not refer to today's Leshan. Starting from Su Dongpo, in the eyes of the literati, "Hanjia" pointed to Jiazhou (today's Leshan), and its influence has been until today.

The Great Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Geographical Names of China "Hanjia": Qingyi County of the Han Dynasty, changed to Hanjia after the Han Dynasty, and the Three Kingdoms Shu placed Hanjia County, and the Jin Dynasty was abolished. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" said: Han Jia, so Tsing Yi, Yangjia changed in the second year. "Water Jing Note" volume 36 clouds: In the first year of Emperor An's Yanguang, the governor of Shu County, the prince of Tsing Yi admired the Han system, and the upper request was attached. In the second year of Emperor Shun Yangjia, it was changed to Hanjia. Jiade, this good minister, too.

That is to say: in the second year of Emperor Yangjia of the Eastern Han Dynasty (133 years), Qingyi County, which was under the jurisdiction of Shu County, was officially renamed Hanjia County (Hanjia appeared from this), and the remaining three counties (Yandao, Xi, and Yangniu) remained. The capital of the subject state was stationed in Hanjia County, and Hanjia became the provincial local administrative center. In the first year of Emperor Ling's Jianning in the Eastern Han Dynasty (168), Shu County's subordinate state was renamed Hanjia County, which was under the jurisdiction of Yizhou, and still led four counties. Hanjia County was downgraded from the provincial level to the prefecture level. In the first year of Emperor Zhangwu of the Three Kingdoms Shu Han Zhaolie Emperor Zhangwu (221), Hanjia County led the four counties as before, but the county ruled Hanjia County and changed its name to Yangjia County. At the beginning of the Jin Dynasty, Hanjia County led the county as before, but changed the name of migration to Yang, and renamed Yangjia County to Hanjia County. In the sixth year of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty (312), that is, during the reign of Li Xiongcheng Han, Hanjia County was withdrawn into two counties, Shenli and Hanyuan, which were still under the jurisdiction of Yizhou. Among them, Hanyuan County leads five counties: Jiangyuan (county governance), Linqiong, Jinle, Xiyang, and Hanjia. In the third year of Emperor Mu Yonghe of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (347 years), Huan Wen destroyed Shu into the Han Dynasty, changed the Hanyuan County to Jinyuan County, and led the five counties as before. During the Southern Qi Dynasty (479-502), the original county of Jin was changed to Jinkang County, which was under the jurisdiction of Yizhou, and the county was the same. There is no clear record of when Hanjia County was abolished, but according to the "Chongqing Prefecture Chronicles: History": "Liang Reform (Qi) Jinkang County is Jiangyuan County, leading Jiangyuan, Linqiong, and Jinle counties. According to this, it can be seen that Hanjia was abandoned in Liang. Check the "Sichuan County Chronicles", there is no name of Hanjia since the beginning of Liang.

To sum up, there was Hanjia County first, and then Hanjia County in history. The name of Hanjia County was abolished first, and the name of Hanjia County was abolished later. The name of Hanjia County existed for about 370 years (133-about 502 years), and the name of Hanjia County existed for 144 years (168-312 years).

Since "Hanjia" was changed from the name of Tsing Yi County, there was also Tsing Yi County in Leshan in history, does it have anything to do with Leshan?

Tsing Yi County, this Tsing Yi Qiang land. Tsing Yi Qiang is mainly distributed in the Ya'an region of present-day western Sichuan Province, and is named after Tsing Yi Water. "Water Jing Note: Tsing Yi Water" contains: "Tsing Yi water out of Simon Mountain, Tsing Yi County. Zhuyun: "The county is the old Tsing Yi Qiang country." "The Tsing Yi River is also known as the Qiang River, and there are many Tsing Yi Qiang people living in the upper reaches of this river. As early as the Western Han Dynasty Lu Hou (pheasant) time on the "city burn road, open Tsing Yi", set up a local administrative system, Tsing Yi County is located in the north of Mingshan County, Sichuan Province. "Water Jing Note: Tsing Yi Water" notes: "Gongsun Shu has Shu also, Tsing Yi is not satisfied, Shizu Jiazhi, Jianwu 19 years (AD 43) thought it was a county. In the first year of Emperor Yanguang (122 years), the prince of Shu County was the captain of the country, and the prince of Tsing Yi admired the Han system and asked for it. "It belongs to Shu County, Emperor Wu Tianhan four years (before 97 years ago) dismissed Shenli County, divided into two divisions, one ruled Tsing Yi, and led the Han people. Emperor An of the Eastern Han Dynasty placed the capital of Shu County. The prince of Tsing Yi admired the Han system and asked for it to be attached. In the second year of Emperor Shun Yangjia (133), he changed his name to Hanjia.

Another Qingyi County: the second year of the abolition of the Emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty (553) set up Qingshen County, for the beginning of the establishment of Qingshen, the last two years (555), in Qingshencheng County set up Qingyi County, the Northern Zhou Dynasty Emperor Wu Baoding two years (562) changed to Qingcheng County, the first year of Emperor Xuan Dacheng (579) to take "silkworm from the Qingyi to persuade the people to farm mulberry, the people are gods" meaning, named Qingshen County.

There is also a Tsing Yi County: in the fourth year of Kaihuang of Sui (584), the name of Pingqiang County was changed to Emei County, and in the ninth year of Kaihuang (589), the name of Emei County was changed to Tsing Yi County, and the following year it was changed to Tsing Yi County and Longyou County.

The name of Hanjia County existed for about 370 years (133-about 502), the name of Hanjia County existed for 144 years (168-312), and the Tsing Yi County in the history of Leshan was set up in the ninth year of Kaihuang (589), and it was abolished a year later. It can be seen that Hanjia County and Hanjia County have nothing to do with today's Leshan. 500 years after the abolition of the name of Hanjia, it is precisely because of Mr. Dongpo (who wrote "Sending Zhang Jiazhou" in 1089) that the word "Hanjia" began to continue, mostly referring to Leshan, and it continues to this day. For example, in the poems of the Qing Dynasty, "Han Jia" was often sung, and the poet Wang Shizhen (1634-1711) during the Kangxi period of the early Qing Dynasty had a soft spot for bamboo branches. He had to write several bamboo branch poems every time he went, and his "Hanjia Bamboo Branch Words" was also a famous article. Fang Xiangying's "Diary of Shu" contains: "However, Hanjia begonias are really fragrant, and the state guards are the remaining words, and the atmosphere is like Lanyun. Together with Yuan Mei and Zhao Yi, Zhang Wentao, who is known as the "Three Masters of the Sexual Spiritual School" in the Qing Dynasty, is known as the "Reincarnation of Qinglian", "Shaoling Comeback", and the "Crown of Poets in Shu" in the Qing Dynasty

The water of the Pingqiang River is far away, and the dream is cold and the snow has not disappeared.

I love to see the stacks of Hanjia Mountain, a mountain and a strange place.

Not only that, the plaque of "Hanjia Guzhi" hangs on the Yuxian Gate of today's Leshan City, it is said that it is the mention of the end of the Qing Dynasty, and the two horizontal plaques on the drum tower of the Yamen are the former book "Hanjia Guzhi", and the back book "Begonia Xiangguo". Related articles say that "Hanjia" is the name of ancient Leshan (ancient name "Jiazhou"), and "Guzhi" means the seat of governance of ancient Leshan, that is, the seat of the ancient Leshan regime. Although it is inaccurate to say that "Hanjia" refers to Jiazhou, it can be said from Su Dongpo, but it is wrong to mention "Hanjia Guzhi"!

The plaque of "Han Jia Guzhi" on the Yuxian Gate in Leshan City (Source: Jiazhou Release).

Special Tips. **Please specify: "*Fang Zhi Sichuan".

*: Sichuan Provincial Office of Local Chronicles.

Author: Zhou Lunbin (Deputy Director of the Standing Committee of the Leshan Municipal People's Congress, Chairman of the Leshan Municipal Committee of the Democratic National Construction Association).

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