Actively developing clean energy and promoting green and low-carbon economic and social transformation have become the general consensus of the international community to respond to global climate change. During the two sessions this year, Liu Hanyuan, deputy to the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and chairman of the board of directors of Tongwei Group, suggested that a comprehensive energy storage system should be built with pumped storage, new energy storage as the mainstay, supplemented by other forms of energy storage such as electric vehicles, to help build a new power system.
The construction of pumped storage is expected to accelerate.
Liu Hanyuan said that in the future, most pumped storage power stations will participate in intraday adjustment, and the utilization hours of pumped storage power stations will be greatly increased according to the calculation of charging and discharging once a day, and the cost of energy storage will be further reduced.
For example, Liu Hanyuan said that in terms of investment costs, ordinary hydropower stations are about 9,000 yuan per kilowatt, large pumped storage power stations are about 6,000 yuan per kilowatt, and small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations are within 5,000 yuan per kilowatt. By optimizing the design, the investment cost can also be greatly reduced to about 2,000 yuan per kilowatt. Currently, pumped hydro is cost-per-kilowatt-hour (kWh) lower than other energy storage technologies. With technological advancements, the cost per kilowatt-hour of pumped hydro can be reduced to 0About 1 yuan.
In Liu Hanyuan's view, in the past ten years, the overall development speed of pumped storage in China has been slow. "According to the "Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Pumped Storage (2021-2035)", by 2030, the total scale of pumped storage in China will reach about 120 GW. But to match the pace of renewables, this target is far from sufficient. ”
Liu Hanyuan said: "The core problem restricting the development of pumped storage in China is the lack of a reasonable return mechanism. In addition, the constraints include long construction periods, strict requirements for ecological and geological conditions, and difficulties in approval. ”
Liu Hanyuan believes that with the implementation of the two-part electricity price, the core problems that hinder the development of pumped storage are expected to be solved, and the industry is expected to usher in explosive growth. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China will approve 219 pumped storage projects, and start construction of more than 200 projects in 200 cities and counties, with an installed capacity of 270 GW.
Liu Hanyuan further pointed out that through the transformation of cascade hydropower and conventional hydropower of different scales, a hybrid pumped storage power station can be formed, which not only has a short transformation period and small investment, but also improves the utilization rate of the existing power grid, which is also one of the important directions for the development of pumped storage in the future.
Lithium battery energy storage is promising.
Lithium battery energy storage has the characteristics of high system efficiency, fast response speed, large site selection flexibility, low construction difficulty and short construction period. In recent years, new energy storage based on lithium batteries has developed rapidly, and the new energy storage installation target of the "14th Five-Year Plan" has been completed two years ahead of schedule.
Liu Hanyuan said that at present, the system construction cost of lithium battery energy storage has been reduced to less than 1,000 yuan per kilowatt-hour, and it is still decreasing, and the probability will be reduced to about 500 yuan per kilowatt-hour in the future, and the cycle life of charging and discharging can reach 8,000 to 10,000 times.
In addition, in Liu Hanyuan's view, with the explosive growth of electric vehicles, on-board power batteries also have great potential to become energy storage terminals. "If you can effectively use a large amount of idle time and redundant charging and discharging times of electric vehicles, as a distributed energy storage unit access system, in addition to driving time, most of the time, become part of the grid energy storage, microgrid energy storage, community energy storage, household energy storage, reverse sales to the grid during peak electricity consumption, and store excess electricity when electricity consumption is low, not only can contribute to the stability of the power grid, but also obtain corresponding benefits through the charging and discharging price difference in a market-oriented manner, and share the cost of purchasing a vehicle or battery pack. Realize the positive interaction between electric vehicles and the power grid. Liu Hanyuan said.
Intensify policy-driven efforts.
Liu Hanyuan said that the role of energy storage in the future must not be simply analogous to the present, and now the distribution and storage are only occasionally called, and energy storage should become an important industry in the future.
Liu Hanyuan suggested that further increase policy drives, keep up with the speed of renewable energy development, and focus on the "14th Five-Year Plan" and "15th Five-Year Plan" period, large-scale construction of pumped storage projects, especially small and medium-sized off-river pumped storage projects close to the load center and short construction period. These projects should be planned to be completed in 5 to 10 years, keeping pace with or even moderately ahead of the transformation and upgrading of the power grid. In addition, we will continue to carry out the survey of pumped storage sites and strengthen the reserve of advantageous resources.
In order to further strengthen efforts to promote the development of new energy storage, Liu Hanyuan believes that new energy storage should be supported to participate in the investment and construction of peak regulation and frequency regulation, guide and encourage market players to participate in energy storage business, and use market-oriented mechanisms to solve the problems faced by energy storage. At the same time, encourage and promote some local area networks, microgrids, and self-provided power grids to take the lead in realizing the integration of power generation, storage and use.
Liu Hanyuan also suggested that the research and formulation of relevant supporting policies and measures for electric vehicles to participate in grid energy storage should be accelerated. Accelerate the research and development of vehicle-network interaction technology, continuously improve the reliability and economy of the coordinated operation of electric vehicles and the power grid, guide car owners to participate in intelligent and orderly charging and discharging, and promote electric vehicles to participate in grid energy storage services in a market-oriented manner. (Reporter Zhang Wen reports from Beijing).
Editor-in-charge: Li Jing.