The first work report submitted for consideration on the 5th deployed this year's work tasks. The Information Office held a briefing on the same day, and Huang Shouhong, head of the drafting group of the work report and director of the research office, interpreted the relevant situation.
How to stabilize growth?
GDP growth of about 5% is a target set after taking into account various factors. Huang Shouhong said.
Judging from the current needs, a certain economic growth rate is required to expand employment, increase residents' income, and prevent and defuse risks. "This year, the employment pressure is greater, and according to the pull effect of economic growth on employment, it is necessary to maintain the economic growth rate at about 5%. Huang Shouhong said.
In the medium and long term, China will basically realize socialist modernization in 2035, which requires that the per capita GDP reach the level of moderately developed countries. "According to various estimates, the economic growth rate to achieve this goal must be maintained at about 5%. ”
Can this be achieved?
Huang Shouhong believes that China has the advantages of super-large-scale market demand, the supply advantage of a complete industrial system, and the talent advantage of a large number of high-quality workers. At the same time, since the beginning of this year, the positive factors of economic development have been increasing, and the effect of the policy of stabilizing growth will continue to appear. On the whole, strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and favorable conditions outweigh unfavorable factors.
Over the past few years, China has always developed, advanced, and grown stronger in the face of difficulties and challenges. Huang Shouhong said that if we implement the decision-making and deployment of the first decision, firmly seize the favorable opportunity, make good use of the favorable conditions, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects of entrepreneurship, we will have the confidence and ability to achieve this goal.
How to better promote people's livelihood?
Employment is the "greatest thing in the country" and the greatest livelihood of the people.
The report calls for "more than 12 million new jobs in urban areas", compared with "about 12 million" last year. Huang Shouhong said that this reflects the strength, determination and clear policy orientation of the party and the best employment work.
In order to achieve the employment goal, especially to ensure the employment of young people such as college graduates, the report requires that the support of fiscal, tax, financial and other policies to stabilize employment be strengthened this year, and special policies to promote employment will be strengthened; Strengthen support for enterprises in industries with large employment capacity, and resolutely correct all kinds of employment discrimination.
In addition to employment, the report also focuses on education, medical care, social security and other fields, and proposes a series of measures to benefit the people, such as improving the operating conditions of rural boarding schools, increasing the per capita financial subsidy standard for residents' medical insurance by 30 yuan, increasing the minimum monthly standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents by 20 yuan, and continuing to increase the basic pension for retirees.
In the proactive fiscal policy, the report emphasizes that "it is necessary to vigorously optimize the expenditure structure and strengthen the major national strategic tasks and basic financial guarantees for people's livelihood".
This year, the local transfer payment should maintain the necessary strength, and the budget has arranged a little more than 10 trillion yuan, and at the same time, it is necessary to promote the sinking of financial resources at the provincial level to ensure that there are no problems in ensuring basic people's livelihood, wages, and operating expenditures. Huang Shouhong said.
How to expand domestic demand?
Domestic demand is the main driving force for China's economic development. In the face of the current shortage of effective demand, the report focuses on three aspects: promoting the steady growth of consumption, actively expanding effective investment, and promoting the organic combination of investment and consumption, and strives to expand domestic demand.
In terms of promoting consumption, Huang Shouhong introduced that the report has implemented comprehensive policies to stimulate consumption potential from the aspects of increasing income, optimizing supply, and reducing restrictive measures. "Consumer demand for services is growing rapidly, and we must continue to follow the trend and take some new measures this year to promote the expansion and quality of service consumption. ”
In terms of expanding investment, it is necessary to give full play to the leading role of investment. "This year, the first budget investment and local special bonds have increased compared with last year, mainly invested in scientific and technological innovation, energy conservation and emission reduction, people's livelihood security and other areas to make up for shortcomings and increase stamina. In addition, it is necessary to further implement and improve the new measures proposed in the report, and focus on stabilizing and expanding private investment. Huang Shouhong said.
He said that this year, more attention will be paid to the overall expansion of domestic demand and the deepening of supply-side structural reforms, so as to form a virtuous circle in which consumption and investment promote each other. In promoting a new type of urbanization, this year it is necessary to give priority to promoting the urbanization of the rural transfer population.
How to attract foreign investment?
Huang Shouhong said that global foreign direct investment fell by 18% last year, and all countries are increasing their efforts to attract investment. Last year, the growth rate of China's foreign investment attraction fell by 8% in renminbi terms, but in terms of overall scale, compared with other developing countries horizontally and vertically compared with its own foreign investment in the past years, the situation of attracting foreign investment is relatively good.
Investors are rational and look at medium and long-term returns. Huang Shouhong said, "China has a large market, great potential, and a lot of space for technology promotion, and many companies will continue to regard China as the world's first choice or top three investment destinations." ”
The report proposes to fully cancel the restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing sector this year, build the "Invest in China" brand, and give more autonomy to the pilot free trade zone and Hainan Free Port. Huang Shouhong said that steadily expanding institutional opening-up, continuing to relax market access for foreign investment, and improving the level of service guarantee for foreign investment are several major directions of relevant measures.
How to further boost the private economy?
In recent years, we have introduced a lot of supporting policies to promote the development of private enterprises. Huang Shouhong said that on the one hand, the report emphasizes that these policies will continue to be implemented in detail, and on the other hand, some new measures have been launched around the concerns of enterprises.
For example, in view of the outstanding problem of arrears reported by private enterprises, the report requires a sound long-term mechanism to prevent and resolve arrears of enterprises; In view of the problem of difficult and expensive financing, the report proposes to increase the proportion of loans to private enterprises and expand the scale of bond financing.
Focusing on optimizing the business environment, the report emphasizes further addressing outstanding problems in market access, access to factors, fair law enforcement, and protection of rights and interests. At the same time, measures will also be taken to deepen the construction of a unified national market, resolutely maintain the market order of fair competition, and support the innovative development of the private economy.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Reporter Jiang Lin and Wei Hongyi).
Published in the 3rd edition of the People's Liberation Army Daily on March 6.
*丨Xinhua News Agency, People's Liberation Army Daily.
Producer丨Ou Can, Hou Dawei, Editor丨Liu Jianwei, Yan Shan, Qian Zongyang, Editor丨Zhou Zhou, Li Chen.