The county seat used to be a microcosm of China, showing the development path and logic very straightforwardly.
During the Spring Festival, I saw a blogger's emotion after returning to my hometown and found that my friends who stayed in the county were very good in the resources of the small circle, coupled with the low cost of living and the slow pace, I was not much more comfortable than I was in a first-tier city. I have visited and researched many counties, and some of the blogger's feelings are similar, under the broad environmental span, the county condenses the relationship resources and eliminates other possibilities, and the naked display of the imprint of everyone.
Why are the white-collar workers floating in the big cities, only one Spring Festival to lose their armor from the middle class in the county, a large number of counties have no consumption downgrade, only the brand sinks, it seems that there should be almost the same, maybe there are fewer types, maybe some things are a little more expensive, but the starting point of the overall cost of living is very low. Moreover, the people who can be contacted by returning to the county not only have stable incomes and start a family early, but also have a good social status, have the ability to have a second child, and often go to the surrounding big cities for consumption and entertainment.
Once the shortcomings of the county are few, the rest are all advantages, and the young people who are rolled up in the big city and are difficult to stay are easy to lose when they go home for the holidays; However,What they see is just a slice of the county with a filterThey themselves understand why they choose to travel away from home to the big city.
In fact, there are two structural divisions in the county, which means that there is a huge gap between some people and othersThe blogger may only see a group of people who are well-off and willing to deal with people. The horizontal county profile is very much like a tree stump, the circle is the distribution of the county's resources and survival methods, and the vertical is the leap of the county's economic institutions in the past ten years, but this leap is facing a breakpoint.
You will find more than a dozen gold stores and more than a dozen brands in a county, which may only belong to a few owners; There are only a handful of people who do engineering, decoration, large restaurants, beauty salons, education and training, entertainment clubs, and shopping malls that can have storefronts, and they are closely surrounded by the resource circle.
Of course, due to my own limited experience, some of my views and feelings are limited.
The county's resources and ways of living
Human affection and relationships are even stronger in the county, which is not only an emotional bond, but also a class that is difficult to cross around kinship and relationship circles. As the saying goes, "rely on your parents at home and rely on your friends outside", but for young people who are really away from home, interpersonal relationships are simple and alienated, everyone is busy and facing their own goals and problems, and the fast pace compresses the social interaction outside of work to the point that in addition to the courier brother, there are only pets left.
Young people studying and working in big cities have become accustomed to not being exposed to complicated human relationships and not disturbing their friends when there is something to do, while their peers in their hometowns have fully experienced "relying on their parents and friends at home". The threshold around interpersonal relationships, that is, going to school, finding a job, making money easily or not, the starting point of survival determines the situation, etc., there are no accidents, few uncertainties, and few variables that change. For example, there is a joke that some jobs, like AIDS, are transmitted only through "mother-to-child genetics, blood (blood relation), sex", although the situation is widespread, but it is more pronounced in the county.
Relationships cannot be crossed, and it is even difficult to exchange economic interests for leapfrogging, because economic interests are also extremely concentrated in the relationship circle. The resource circle of many counties controls all economic interests, and only it gives economic benefits to others, without the need to obtain them from outside the circle, and the threshold of resources is everything.
From children to the elderly, adults can find jobs, and if they have resources, they can get better treatment; Not to mention doing business, the normal acquisition procedure is already a relational treatment, otherwise there is no way out how you can go. Can you be in the right place at the right time, but it is enough to make you not only need one person and one person, so many young people from ordinary families go out to work, study and stay in other cities, just like the outspoken words of a certain inner circle of friends: The classmates who are better than us will not be able to enter my unit when they come back.
The door to the household is more distinct, the county middle class is not a pseudo-middle class, and it is real to maintain its wealth and status, such as the exchange of marriage in the circle, the long-term formation of a community of interests, this extremely stable state of life, once you have it, it is difficult to fall, because the whole relationship is supporting and will not change easily. The most striking feature of the county town is not its size and population, but the fact that regardless of size and population, the circles at its top are small and know each other, making it easy to find each other.
The county town often has an enviable family combination: the Finance Bureau is allocated to the bank, the Education Bureau is allocated to the school, the Health Commission is allocated to the hospital, the Housing Authority is allocated to the distribution network, the in-laws are retired in a certain bureau, the son is in urban construction, the daughter-in-law is in telecommunications, the daughter is in taxation, and the son-in-law is in the fire department.
But beyond the threshold, the development space of most ordinary people is vague, middle-aged and elderly people are still farming, children are generally less and less to continue farming, and young and middle-aged people go out to work is a choice; Staying in the county to work, the doctor is one of the ceilings, and there are also industries that are difficult to describe such as electricity, as described by Zhang Xuefeng, and then other public institutions, banks, mobile telecommunications and communications, urban construction platforms, and various extended tertiary industries. In fact, the good ones in the future will be gone......The key to having a small business owner doing some self-employed small business and working in the private sector is that such institutions are often small-scale, with enough income to live but not too stable, and there is also a lack of corresponding security.
The other businesses that can be done as mentioned above are all direct extensions of resources.
Of course, there is also a watershed in the industry, developed or resourceful counties, the number of enterprises is large, employment is still an option, and the economic development is backward, there are few such jobs available. Last year, I had a meal in a small restaurant in a county, and three groups of people came in to ask if they were still recruiting, just three generations of the old, middle and young, and later I found out that they had a recruitment advertisement posted at the door, but the store manager replied that this had to ask the boss, it was another store recruiting people, so he sent it away.
The consumption of the top class in the county is almost no different from that in the big city, where the children have a house, the children live comfortably abroad, and the relationship directly to the working villagers in the cities is far greater than the impact of the middle class in the county to the young people returning to their hometowns, but it may be less exposed. This is also due to the fact that the power of the higher levels is generally not lower than that of the county (except for the young talents who have accumulated experience in temporary training), and the provincial and county support and coordination, but the city has less interference and participation. The county seat is a single link, independent decision-making, a county is a county in the final say, you have to write like this, you understand, but in addition to the small scale of the county, the type of things that need to be decided is similar to that of large cities, and the power and resources are amplified.
The economic structure of the county
The perceived temperature of the county's economy is extremely uneven among different people, but in general, the urbanization and economic development of the county in the past ten years have been very fast, and at the same time, it generally relies on land sales and borrowing.
The biggest characteristics of land sales and borrowing for infrastructure construction are capital-intensive, obvious data-pull effects, and no spillover of benefits - the more money that can be decided, the fewer people who need to participate, and the greater the differentiation of making money.
1. Borrowing, land sales and urban infrastructure.
In a county with an average economy, real estate does not necessarily bring great wealth, but there is naturally no shortage of real estate. Land finance is extremely important in the county seat, and it is very addictive to the direct income brought by one acre of land from hundreds of thousands to millions or millions, as well as the tax revenue that comes with development. This not only feeds more people, but also can feed very nourishing, not to mention that real estate development to deal with almost all the core resource circles of a county, so it is necessary to communicate with most of them, an early internal subscription discount, special discounts, send a decoration, parking spaces This small action is a lot of wealth on ordinary people, and the rest is not to talk about, saving 5,000 words.
In the process of real estate development, the changes in capital and wealth corresponding to a small decision are large enough, which is why everyone loves to do it.
Another is that many platform companies have emerged in the county, mainly for issuing bonds, doing primary land development, and participating in secondary development, which is why in the past two years, some blind bond impulses have been gradually stopped. Regardless of the interest borrowed first, the county is getting bigger and bigger, and the newly built roads, development zones, and various public projects have divided the fields, museums, cultural centers, stadiums, xx centers, cultural and tourism attractions, parks, lighting, and greening, which are good but expensive.
Why build, spending money can boost GDP, and spending money must be a distribution, and the resources of the county are so concentrated, you can understand it as a splash of wealth, but there are only a few pipes that can be connected. So in the past ten years, the county has become bigger, some people in the county have become rich, and the high-rise buildings have just been delivered, but the neon lights at night are shining, but the electricity bill is still in arrears.
Incentives for attracting investment, subsidies for rebates, and cheap land have to be maintained by urban investment bonds and land sales, and each county is fighting for who can spend more money and create GDP in the competition.
In the past few years, almost every county town has been in the state of a construction site, and the new projects that have expanded far away are contradictory to the corners of the core urban areas that can be reached in one or twenty minutes by battery car. There is no need for a parking space, only a charging pile; You don't need a good package, but you have to have a school; You don't need to have a certificate, but you have to have someone.
If you can get the planning bureau, you may not be able to get the power grid and gas; If you can get the bank, you don't necessarily have to get the earthwork; If you can do fire fighting, you may not be able to do demolition; Successful bidding does not necessarily mean that audit settlement ...... can be doneLayers of mountains and rivers are complex.
2. Transfer payments and the economy within the system.
There is also a cycle formed around the consumption of people in the system, especially under the financial support of transfer payments, the local lack of industry and income, and the only people who can support consumption are those who are in the system and those who have a wide range of jobs. This kind of county with a relatively small population and the outflow of population, with the financial pressure gradually merged, downsizing is also an inevitable result, out of thin air there is no increase to make up, and the financial burden of personnel in the past few years has to be reduced.
With the debt brake and the real estate stall, most people in the county have enjoyed rapid construction, but they don't seem to need so many facilities, and the price of the house they bought has risen and it seems that they are going back to a few years ago.
Therefore, when this growth model passively cools down and extinguishes, in a broad sense of the county, a considerable part of the county has to clean up the problems left by the pleasure of galloping horses in the process of roaring to silence, and the same is true for big cities, but the differentiation of counties may be greater in the future.