Cotton is an important cash crop, and its cultivation technology is essential to improve cotton yield and quality. The following will introduce the basic steps and precautions for cotton planting.
1. Land selection and fertilization.
Cotton prefers an environment with plenty of sunlight, loose soil, and good drainage. When choosing a planting site, you should avoid low-lying and waterlogged land, and choose high-lying and well-drained land. Before planting, adequate fertilization should be carried out to improve soil fertility. Generally speaking, 2000-3000 kg of organic fertilizer and 50-100 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied to each mu of land.
2. Seeding and management.
The sowing time of cotton is generally from mid-April to early May, and the seeds should be soaked and germinated before sowing to improve the germination rate. When sowing, the method of direct seeding or seedling transplanting is generally adopted. For live broadcasting, the seeds should be evenly spread in the furrow and then covered with soil to keep the soil moist. When transplanting seedlings, seedlings should be raised on the seedbed first, and then transplanted when the seedlings are 10-15 cm high.
During the cotton growing period, field management should be carried out in a timely manner. Including weeding, soil loosening, watering, fertilization, pest control, etc. Weeding keeps the field tidy and reduces competition from weeds for cotton. Loosening soil can promote soil aeration, increase soil temperature, and benefit cotton growth. Watering should be done according to the weather and soil moisture, keeping the soil moist. Fertilization should be based on the needs of cotton growth, timely topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, etc. Pest control is an important part of the cotton growth process, which should be discovered in time and effective control measures should be taken.
3. Picking and processing.
Cotton picking is generally carried out from September to November, and the harvest should be carried out when the weather is sunny and the humidity is low. When picking, the cotton peach should be gently picked to avoid damage to the cotton peach and cotton fiber. After harvesting, the cotton should be dried in time to remove impurities and moisture, and then processed. During the processing process, steps such as cleaning, impurity removal, and compression should be carried out to finally obtain high-quality cotton products.
4. Precautions.
1.When choosing planting sites, continuous cropping and heavy cropping should be avoided to avoid reducing soil fertility and aggravating pests and diseases.
2.When fertilizing, scientific and reasonable fertilization should be carried out according to the needs of soil fertility and cotton growth, and excessive fertilization or insufficient fertilization should be avoided.
3.In the process of sowing and management, attention should be paid to keeping the soil moist to avoid drought or waterlogging to adversely affect the growth of cotton.
4.In terms of pest control, the strategy of prevention and comprehensive control should be adopted, and effective control measures should be found and taken in time to avoid the impact of pests and diseases on cotton yield and quality.
In short, cotton planting requires mastery of certain technology and experience, and only scientific and reasonable planting management can obtain high-quality cotton products. It is hoped that the introduction of this article can be helpful to the majority of cotton farmers and improve the efficiency and level of cotton planting.