Rapeseed is one of the important oil crops in China, and planting rapeseed can not only meet people's demand for vegetable oil, but also improve farmers' income and promote rural economic development. So, how to make canola yields high? The following introduces the high-yield planting technology of rapeseed from the aspects of site selection, fertilization, sowing, and management.
1. Site selection. Canola prefers to grow in places with plenty of sunlight, good drainage, and fertile soil. Therefore, these factors should be prioritized when choosing a planting site. It is best to choose a soil with a deep layer, loose and breathable, and a high organic matter content, and at the same time be careful to avoid planting in low-lying areas or places with serious soil erosion.
2. Fertilization. Rapeseed is a fertilizer-loving crop, and sufficient fertilizer** is the key to ensure high yield of rapeseed. Before planting, adequate basal fertilizer application should be carried out to provide adequate nutrition. Generally, 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50-60 kg of compound fertilizer can be applied per mu. During the growth period, top dressing is also required to ensure the normal growth and flowering and fruiting of rapeseed. Top dressing should be carried out according to the growth and soil fertility of rapeseed, and nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied once at seedling stage and bud stage respectively.
3. Sowing. The sowing time of oilseed rape should be determined according to the local climatic conditions and variety characteristics. In general, sowing can be done from late September to early October in the south, and earlier in the north. Before sowing, the seeds should be treated, such as drying seeds, disinfection, etc., to improve the germination rate and disease resistance of the seeds. When sowing, the seeds should be evenly sprinkled in the furrow, and then covered with a thin layer of soil, which can be gently compacted.
Fourth, management. 1.Watering: Moderate soil moisture needs to be maintained during the growing period of oilseed rape, especially during flowering and podding, and adequate water should be ensured**. However, care should also be taken to avoid overwatering, which can cause soil compaction and poor root development.
2.Loosening soil and weeding: During the growth period of rapeseed, it is necessary to loosen the soil and weed regularly to keep the soil loose, aerated and transparent, which is conducive to the growth and development of rapeseed. At the same time, weeding can also reduce the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases.
3.Pest control: rape is susceptible to various pests and diseases during its growth, such as aphids, cabbage worms, powdery mildew, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to take timely control measures, such as spraying pesticides and increasing organic fertilizers, to ensure the healthy growth and high yield of rapeseed.
4.Regulate growth: During canola growth, high yields can also be promoted by regulating growth. If the growth regulator is sprayed at the budding stage, it can promote the flowering and podulation of rapeseed; Spraying foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate at the pod-setting stage can improve the photosynthesis efficiency and yield of rapeseed.
In short, in order to make rapeseed yield high, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive management from the aspects of site selection, fertilization, sowing, and management. Only by doing these things well can we provide a good environment and nutritional support for the growth of rapeseed, and finally achieve the goal of high yield and high quality. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the technical points of scientific planting, rational fertilization, pest control and other aspects to ensure the healthy growth and high yield of rapeseed.