Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease. In recent years, the obesity rate among children and adolescents in China has risen rapidly, which has become one of the important public health problems.
Primary obesity is the main cause of obesity in children and adolescents, which is mainly related to dietary nutrition, physical activity, genetics and other factors, among which dietary nutrition is the key factor. Unreasonable dietary structure, unhealthy eating behavior, and improper feeding of infants and adolescents are important causes of obesity.
According to the growth and development characteristics of children and adolescents and the principle of balanced diet, children and adolescents should choose a variety of foods, and pay attention to the combination of meat and vegetables, thickness and color. Prioritize foods that are lower in energy, higher in micronutrient density and lower in glycemic index, while ensuring intake of fish, poultry, eggs, lean meats, milk and dairy products, soy and dairy products, whole grains and vegetables.
When choosing food, pay attention to the following three points:
Appropriateness
The daily food intake should be moderate, and appropriate adjustments should be made according to the growth and development of children and adolescents and the level of physical activity. The following table shows the recommended daily intake of various foods and the energy requirements for moderate-intensity physical activity levels for children and adolescents of normal weight of different ages. 2 17-year-old children and adolescents of normal weightRecommended intake of various foods and energy requirements
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Accessibility
Make sure the ingredients are fresh and readily available. Among similar foods, preference is given to fresher and more economical foods.
Suitability
Choose foods that are lower in energy, higher in micronutrient density and lower in glycemic index, and eat less foods that are high in oil, salt and sugar and high in energy density. Examples of various food options are shown in the table below. Examples of various food options
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*: Student Health Newspaper
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