Bitcoin, as the cornerstone of the crypto industry, is gradually surpassing Satoshi Nakamoto's original vision and is no longer limited to its role as a "crypto" store of value. With the emergence of various asset issuance protocols (such as BRC20) and the skyrocketing demand for block space, Bitcoin is ushering in a milestone transformation"build on bitcoin"A new era.
Similar to Ethereum's pivotal moment in 2017, the introduction of the Inscription Asset Protocol in 2023 marks a revival of Bitcoin's builder culture, a key turning point that portends a high probability that Bitcoin will replicate the trajectory of Ethereum's developer and user growth. However, as the build progresses, the problems inherent in Bitcoin — high gas fees, slow transaction speeds, and limited scalability — begin to emerge and become bottlenecks. To address these challenges, ROOS proposes a multi-modular Layer2 scaling solution based on ZK and BitVM to address these key issues.
ROOS represents an innovation on the Bitcoin network, as it is the first multi-modular Layer 2 solution that leverages ZK (zero-knowledge proof) technology and BitVM to extend Bitcoin's computing and storage capabilities. By combining zero-knowledge proof technology and BitVM, Roos is not only able to enhance the utility of its block space while inheriting the security of Bitcoin's mainnet, but also unlock Bitcoin's programmability.
ROOS is built by Primezk Labs, and the core team behind it brings together the industry's top investors, experienced operation experts, and senior R&D personnel. The core members of the R&D team come from well-known public chains and cross-chain projects in the industry such as Polygon, LayerZero, Polyhedra Network, Filecoin, Cosmos, Meson, etc., and have many years of practical experience in the fields of public chains, cross-chain technologies, ZK technologies, and Bitcoin. The ecological operation team has rich Web3 market resources and B-end expansion capabilities in more than 20 countries around the world.
ROOS aims to build a computing layer and storage layer based on the Bitcoin settlement layer, introduce billions of potential users and various DApps to the Bitcoin ecosystem, and elevate Bitcoin from the status of a digital ** to the trust cornerstone of the next generation of decentralized economy.
The technical architecture of ROOS adopts the principle of modular design and consists of two core networks: BTClayer and BTCSTORAGE.
BTCLer, as a Bitcoin-based ZK rollup layer, integrates several core components, including mempools, sequencers, zk-evm, aggregators, and zk-prover, each of which plays a key role in the entire module. The primary responsibility of the mempool is to collect and temporarily store all pending transactions, which are sorted by the sequencer in order of precedence to ensure fairness and transparency.
In this layer, the ZK-EVM plays a central role, executing user transactions within the Layer 2 network and generating relevant zero-knowledge proofs, which are then organized in a tree-like structure to form a single aggregate proof. The role of the aggregator is to aggregate multiple proofs to form a more concise aggregate proof, and send them to the data availability layer of the btcstorage module for storage and verification.
The design of ZK-EVM is based on a general-purpose circuit and achieves the equivalence of EVM at the 2 bytecode level, which makes ZK-EVM fully compatible with the Ethereum ecosystem and supports a wide range of Ethereum applications and smart contracts to run seamlessly on BTCLer.
BTCSsinks includes key modules such as Roos port and storage rollup. Roos Port connects BTCLer, decentralized storage, and the Bitcoin network, with BTClayer as the execution layer, and Roos Port + decentralized storage + Bitcoin as the data availability layer (DA). The main responsibility of the Data Availability Layer (DA) is to permanently store a copy of the rollup data, verify the zero-knowledge proof generated by the rollup, and finally write the final commitment result based on the ZK proof verification to Bitcoin permanently by the Bitcoin sender. Considering Bitcoin's non-Turing completeness, Roos Port uses a ZK-proof commitment verification and challenge mechanism to ensure that the Bitcoin network is able to confirm and prove the rollup state transition, so as to achieve the settlement confirmation of the rollup on the Bitcoin network. That is, the Bitcoin sender retains a time-limited challenge for validators who can challenge zk proofs. If the challenge fails, the rollup is eventually confirmed on Bitcoin; If the challenge is successful, the rollup is rolled back.
BTClayer leverages Bitcoin's security mechanisms to scale its computing power, resulting in faster transaction processing (TPS). However, with the high cost of storing more than 14GB of data in Bitcoin and the growing popularity of DApps such as NFT DeFi in the Bitcoin ecosystem, the need to leverage Bitcoin's proof-of-work (PoW) security mechanism to store large amounts of data has risen dramatically. Another key module of BTCSaw is the Storage Rollup, which is responsible for expanding the storage capacity of Bitcoin. It stores data off-chain and records the commitment of data storage on-chain to achieve a massive reduction in Bitcoin storage costs of up to 90% and scale capacity to terabyte petabytes.
ROOS implements the following advantages in the technical architecture:
Significantly reduce the transaction cost of the Bitcoin mainnet, improve its TPS, and reuse the Bitcoin security consensus;
Type2 zk-EVM bytecode level compatible with EVM ecosystem;
The use of BTC as gas has built a symbiotic relationship with Bitcoin;
In terms of user experience, the integrated account abstraction is easy to access the BTC system and EVM system, reducing the threshold for use;
The overall architecture adopts a modular design, with BTClayer as the execution layer, and the ROOS port, storage rollup and Bitcoin network of the BTCSstorage module together form a consensus layer, data availability layer, storage layer, and settlement layer, which are easy to decouple and continuously enhance the scalability, security and decentralization of the Bitcoin ecosystem.
The potential application of BTCSaink can not only provide other rollups with a data availability layer and state transition verification system based on the Bitcoin network, but also use decentralized dynamic storage as the infrastructure to build Web3 applications (many DApps still use a centralized way to store data).
Sequencer staking: Sequencer participates in the ordering validator election by staking ROS, and users can delegate ROS to the sequencer.
Storage Rollup Incentive: ROS can be obtained by contributing storage and computing power to Super Node and Edge Node.
BTCSaw Payment Medium: All related applications deployed through the Storage Rollup are paid in ROS; At the same time, Roos Port integrates the decentralized storage protocol and the Bitcoin network, and other rollups will also use ROS as a payment medium for their services.
Revenue sharing: Keybox will participate in the Roos ecosystem at multiple stages and share the revenue of BTCPlayer and BTCSstorage.
Governance: ROS holders can vote on future protocol upgrades.
Upcoming Alpha Testnet Dawn Exploration
The rollout of the ROOS mainnet will be divided into four chapters, each of which will introduce new features and app integrations, with the launch of the first chapter of the alpha testnet, Dawn Exploration, coming in March.
With the rapid rise of Ethereum and other L1 public chain ecosystems, people can't help but wonder why they chose Bitcoin as the foundation for which they are built. Don't we want the decentralized economy of the future to take root in the most widely recognized, decentralized, and at the same time most secure network? With the continuous popularization of the concept of layered modularity of Bitcoin, it is expected that in the near future, many DeFi, games, NFTs, Depin and other DApps will be built on top of Layer 2, with Bitcoin as the base layer, to promote Bitcoin to leap into the next stage. ROOS will continue to iterate and expand its modular architecture, while working with more infrastructure partners to become the Bitcoin computing and storage layer, paving the way for the multi-layer scaling of the Bitcoin network and ushering in a new era of Web3 applications with the Bitcoin network as the settlement layer.
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