Plants, as an important part of the earth, have a rich variety of species and groups. These groups are divided into different categories according to the morphology, structure, growth mode and ecological habits of plants. This article will briefly introduce several major taxa in the plant kingdom so that we can better understand the diversity and complexity of the plant kingdom.
1. Seed plants.
Seed plants are one of the largest groups in the plant kingdom, including angiosperms and gymnosperms. This type of plant is characterized by having seeds, through which offspring are reproduced.
Angiosperm. Angiosperms are the most abundant group of seed plants, their flowers have tepals (calyxes and corollas), and their fruits contain seeds. Angiosperms are widely distributed all over the world, including forests, grasslands, deserts and other ecological environments.
2 gymnosperms.
The main difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms is that their seeds are bare and there is no fruit wrapping. Such plants mainly include pines, cypresses, ginkgo, etc., which mainly grow in temperate and cold regions.
2. Non-seed plants.
Non-seed plants include ferns, bryophytes, algae, and fungi, among others, which reproduce their offspring through spores.
3 ferns.
Ferns are a class of plants with roots, stems, and leaves, and they usually grow in shady and humid environments, such as forest bottoms, swamps, etc. Ferns have high ecological value and play an important role in maintaining ecological balance.
4. Bryophytes.
Bryophytes are a class of plants with a simple structure and low growth, and they usually grow on the surface of tree trunks, rocks, etc. Bryophytes play an important role in the formation and improvement of soil, and are also food for many organisms**.
5. Algae plants.
Algae plants are a class of aquatic plants that are widely distributed in oceans, lakes, rivers and other waters. Algae plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis and are of great importance for maintaining the earth's ecosystem.
6. Fungi and plants.
Fungi are a class of fungi that do not have chlorophyll and cannot photosynthesize. Fungi and plants form a complex symbiotic relationship with plants, animals and other organisms, such as mycorrhizae formed with plant roots.
III. Conclusion. 
The diversity of the plant kingdom is breathtaking, from low mosses to tall trees, from aquatic algae to terrestrial angiosperms, each with its own unique ecological values and survival strategies. Understanding the classification and characteristics of plants will help us better protect and utilize plant resources and maintain the stability and harmony of the earth's ecosystem.