Some time ago, an article was published to introduce the language and ethnic affiliation of the Wei and Jin Five Hus, and through the historical records of "Xiuzhi Tiergang, Fugu Qiaobalddang", it is explained that the Qianyu language should be roughly Yenisei language, especially the Pampkol language close to the Yenisei language family. The Pampkors originally lived in southern Siberia, roughly near Lake Baikal, where the ancestral homeland of the Pykol people was located. For details, see "Xiuzhi for Ergang, Fugu and Bald" - the ethnic origin and Y haplogroup of the Qiang people
Today, this article continues to research on this basis, what is the Qiang Canal of the Xiongnu other parts of the Xiongnu that the leader Shi Le came out of? Did it disappear after the Wuhu storm subsided?
Schle. In fact, it's not, becauseThe Qiang Canal actually got its name from a Siberian place nameNaturally, the place name remained stable for a long period of time and has existed to this day, and the people here, including a small number of descendants of the Qiang people, have continuously appeared on the stage of Chinese history when the northern ethnic groups such as the Tang, Yuan, and Qing dynasties were active in their movements.
There are three "Qiang Canals" recorded in Chinese history:
The first is that in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a nobleman of the Wuhuan tribe ("Lord") named Qiangqu, who was beheaded by Zhonglang Zhang Tan because of his rebellion against the Han Dynasty with the left part of the Southern Xiongnu;
The second is the name of the Southern Xiongnu Shan Yu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. This single was set up by Zhang Xiu, the general of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty attacked Xianbei, and issued an edict to send the Southern Xiongnu to fight with Liu Yu, who was opposed by the tribes, and the single was attacked and killed by some subordinate tribes;
The third is the Qiang Canal from Shile. "Book of Jin Chronicles": "Shile Zi Shilong, the first name, Shangdang Wuxiang Qianren also. Its first Xiongnu other parts of the Qiang canal.
So, is there a relationship between the "Qiang Canal Department" and the first two Qiang Canals? Let's talk about Wuhuan first, because the Karma people and Wuhuan have never thought that they have anything to do with it, so it can be ruled out.
Is it named after Shan Yu Qiang Qu, which belongs to the tribes of this Shan Yu? It can't be either. Because the "Book of Jin" clearly says that Qiangqu is "another part of the Xiongnu", and although the prestige of Qiangqu Shan Yu is not high, after all, it is Mao Dun Shan Yu's lineage, which belongs to the core tribe of the Xiongnu, and is definitely not the so-called "other department". "Qiangqu" is one of the nineteen kinds of Beidi recorded in the Book of Jin, and the Xiongnu Shan Yu belongs to the "Tu each species" "each has its own tribe, not mixed with the wrong". Therefore, Shile's Qiangqu Department was not only an element of the Xiongnu tribal alliance, but also maintained a certain distance and independence from the Xiongnu core. This can be corroborated with the fact that the Qiang people spoke the Pampkorian language, lived in southern Siberia, near Lake Baikal, and were at a certain distance from the core activity area of the Xiongnu.
Therefore, in order to verify the location of the Qiang Canal Department, it is necessary to find it in southern Siberia, near the Yenisei River Valley, and further north in the core area of the Xiongnu.
Through historical and current geography and linguistic research, the author believes thatThe Qiang Canal is what Tuvan Mongolian calls or Romanized as kaa-khem or kyeyl-khem, which means "little river", that is, the Lesser Yenisei River, one of the tributaries of the Yenisei River
The Lesser Yenisei is not well-known now, but it is not unknown in historyIn fact, it is the "Qianqian Prefecture" or "Qianzhou" set up in the Yuan Dynasty, and there is a lack of writing, which is named after the local "Qianhe". The Qian River was called the Sword River in the Tang Dynasty and the Kemu River in the Qing Dynasty. It is more than 600 kilometers away from Lake Baikal in the east, more than 800 kilometers away from Hala and Horin in the southeast, and about 600 kilometers away from Xiongnu Shan Yuting (Dragon City).
Both the Qian, the sword, and the kemu actually come from the Tuvan language and the khem ("river") of the older language from which it originates.
Try to compare the middle sounds of a few words:
Humility-k iem
Sword-ki m
Kmu-k k-mi uk
The translation of "Qianqianzhou" is actually more complete and accurate, showing both the Tuvan syllables kaa-khem or kyeyl-khem.
Looking back at "Qiang Canal", it looks quite unfamiliarIn fact, it is just another version of "humility" (kaa-khem or kyeyl-khem).。Of the two names, it is more likely to be transcribed from Kyeyl-Khem.
Compare the ancient pronunciation of the two Han and Northern Dynasties:
Qiang-k ɑ with kyeyl
Qu-g ɑ with khem
After the most dazzling period in the history of the Corn, the tribal composition of the Lesser Yenisei River valley has undergone many changes due to regime change and ethnic mobility. According to the records of "Yuan History and Geographical Chronicles VI", by the early Yuan Dynasty, there were thousands of residents here, most of whom were already Mongols and Hui people, in addition to some Han craftsmen who migrate.
Migration and distribution of Yenisei language populations.
Despite this, the Qiang people did not disappear completely, and to this day, there are still about 1,000 Kets (the only remaining Yenisei-speaking people) living in the eastern and central basins of the river. As for the rest of the Yenisei people, they gradually migrated to the lower reaches of the Yenisei River, and their languages disappeared from the 18th century to the 70s of the 21st century.