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In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia has also been increasing. As a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, more and more people have become aware of the importance of blood lipids and often monitor their blood lipid levels through regular physical examinations.
So, what indicators should we pay attention to in blood lipid examination?What do I need to pay attention to before a lipid test?
Blood lipids are the general term for lipids and cholesterol in blood tests, and are one of the bases for diagnosing certain diseases in clinical practice. Blood lipid test items include total cholesterol, cholelipolipids, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, etc., if total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein is higher than normal, and high-density lipoprotein is lower than normal, it is called dyslipidemia.
Lipid tests can prevent or determine obesity, arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, diabetes, nephrotic syndrome, and other cardiovascular diseases.
Low-density lipoprotein is a protein that transports cholesterol synthesized by the liver to tissues throughout the body, and is the lipoprotein with the highest cholesterol content in the blood.
If LDL is elevated, there will be more "porters", and the cholesterol it carries will accumulate in the inner wall of blood vessels, gradually forming atherosclerosis, causing coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and other diseases, so LDL is called "bad" protein. If the test list is low in LDL, it's actually a good thing.
HDL is the scavenger of blood vessels, and its role is just the opposite of LDL, which can reversely transport cholesterol and send cholesterol from surrounding tissues to the liver for metabolism, thereby reducing the risk of atherosclerosis, and is affectionately known as the "good" protein.
Smoking, obesity, etc. can reduce HDL levels, and exercise and light diet can increase HDL levels. Again, high levels of HDL in the body are good.
Triglycerides are the main components of various adipose tissues in the human body. If the level of triglycerides in the body is too high, the excess triglycerides will be stored in the organs and under the skin, causing obesityIf deposited on the wall of blood vessels, it will cause arteriosclerosis, which will cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, and also cause acute inflammation of organs and tissues such as the pancreas, which will be life-threatening.
Therefore, if the triglyceride index is marked with a rising arrow, it is necessary to be vigilant, in addition to a reasonable diet, regular work and rest, balanced nutrition, in daily life, if necessary, it should also be intervened under the guidance of a doctor. It is important to note that triglyceride levels are susceptible to both genetic and environmental factors.
1.10-12 hours on an empty stomach
Blood lipids must be carried out in a fasting state, and accurate examination results can only be obtained by strictly following the doctor's guidance to prepare for fasting examination.
It is generally believed that it is appropriate to have a lipid test on an empty stomach for more than 10 hours, so you should not eat anything after 8 p.m. the night before the test, only drink a small amount of water, and do not drink water after 10 p.m.
2.Alcohol is strictly prohibited
Drinking alcohol can also have a certain effect on blood lipid concentration, which can lead to abnormal test results. Therefore, heavy alcohol should be avoided for 3 days before the blood draw, and no alcohol should be consumed for 24 hours before the testSecondly, you should avoid eating high-fat foods within 3 days before the blood test to prevent the illusion of elevated blood lipids.
3.Take a break
Standing or walking for long periods of time, especially running, before the test can affect the test results. Therefore, it is advisable to take a break before the examination, avoid strenuous physical activity, and rest for 5 to 10 minutes before the blood is drawn.
4.Avoid taking medications
Some drugs can affect the results of blood lipid tests, such as some ** drugs for coronary heart disease can lower cholesterol and triglycerides, vitamin A and vitamin D can increase cholesterol, and contraceptives can significantly increase LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Therefore, in order to avoid affecting the results of the lipid profile, it is best not to take these drugs 2 to 3 days before the examination.
5.Some diseases should not be tested
Blood lipid levels are susceptible to changes due to the influence of certain diseases, such as severe trauma, myocardial infarction, acute infection, and fever, so it is not appropriate to conduct blood lipid tests during this time. Secondly, women's pregnancy and menstruation will also affect blood lipid levels, so it is necessary to arrange the examination time reasonably.
Blood lipids can not only reflect the basic metabolism of the human body, but also know whether there is a risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis, through the blood lipid level. Middle-aged and elderly people and obese people are high-risk groups for hyperlipidemia, and blood lipid examination must be paid attention to.
Before the lipid test, the physical examiner should make various preparations to avoid various factors affecting the accuracy of the examination results, which will affect the judgment of the condition and increase unnecessary psychological and economic burdens.
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