Beijing Evening News |Written by Zhu Xiaoping.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were "four sons of Jiangnan", namely Changshu Yang Qi, Yuan and Wang Rongbao, Jiangyin He Zhenyi, and Changshu Weng Zhirun. Among them, Yang Qi (1875-1941) is the most famous. His original name was Chaoqing, and later changed to Qi, the word cloud history. He was born in a family of eunuchs, and his grandfather was the prefect of Fengyang, Anhui. His father, Yang Chongyi, was a famous figure in the late Qing Dynasty, and he was a scholar in the sixth year of Guangxu and supervised the imperial history. At the beginning of the Wuxu Reform, he was Kang Youwei, participated in the impeachment of Wenting-style resignation and returned home, and then gave Cixi a "re-pro-political fold", which was despised by the Qing Dynasty and became infamous for a while. Ye Changchi once commented on him as "deep and gloomy".
Yang Yunshi and his father's conduct is different, less famous, in the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu (1902) Shuntianxiang tried Nanyuan (first place), at the age of twenty-seven as the Ministry of Households, the Ministry of Posts and Communications. In the 34th year of Guangxu (1908), he served as the vice consul of the Qing Dynasty in Singapore.
The Yang family married Li Hongzhang's family, Yang Chongyi's daughter married Li Hongzhang's grandson - Li Guojie, Yang Yunshi married Li Hongzhang's eldest granddaughter - Li Guoqing at the age of seventeen, and then followed his father-in-law Li Jingfang to England and greatly increased his knowledge.
Yang Yunshi. Half a career in the Shogunate.
* Later, Yang Yunshi served as the secretary general of Wu Peifu. He insisted that he was only in the scene, not an official. But Wu Peifu trusted him very much. Wu's confidential letters and telegrams are more out of his hand, and the words are elegant, and people recite them a few times. For example, the telegrams exchanged between the officials are nothing more than "knocking" and "worshiping" after the name is signed, and Wu often signs "Yi Ge and worship again" after the name at the end of the telegram, which shows the style of Wu's self-appointed Confucian general, which is probably the finishing touch of Yang Yunshi. Whenever Wu Peifu experienced the battle, there must be a poem in the history of Yun, which was called "poetry history" at the time. Tao Juyin once wrote "The History of the Beiyang Warlords", but so far no one seems to have written the history of the Beiyang War.
After the "77 Incident", Wu Peifu refused to go into the water and insisted on going into the water, which had a great deal to do with Yun Shipai's wife Di Meinan holding a letter to Beijing to persuade him. It is also said that he was entrusted by Zhang Taiyan to dissuade Wu Peifu, but in any case, he was the key figure in dissuading Wu from resisting the Japanese invaders, because Wu greatly admired Yun Shi and almost obeyed him on weekdays. Of course, Wu Peifu himself has always pursued the doctrine of three noes, that is, not to go abroad, not to enter the concession, not to marry concubines, and to be patriotic and self-conscious. If an individual has no opinion, it is useless to dissuade anyone.
Wu Peifu refused to go into the water and was killed by the Japanese in the name of treating his teethThe great name hangs in the universe, and the righteousness remains in the world for a long time", feeling that he has not seen the recovery of his family and country, but he has remained righteous for a long time. No matter what future generations say about Wu's "true colors", he maintains the integrity of a Chinese and should be worthy of approval. Yunshi is also worthy of praise.
Yunshi has always known the general trend, not for fame and fortune. After Yuan Shikai became the eldest **, because he was in harmony with Yang Chongyi, the father of Yunshi, and admired the talent of Yunshi, he was invited to be hired as a consultant, and he was unmoved and thanked. He has a straightforward temperament and never tends to be a sycophant. After Wu Peifu retired, he was once invited by Zhang Xueliang to Shenyang as a senator. When Zhang Xueliang held his father's funeral, there were many people from all walks of life for a while, but most of them praised sycophants. Only the Yunshi Shulian does not make a word: "The righteous teacher is helpless, the lonely virtue is the neighbor, and every Ming Gong is too resting;."There is a great mourning inside, and there is a strong enemy outside, this is not when the general cries!Between the lines, you can see the feelings of Yun Shi's concern for the country. After "918", Yunshi returned to Changshu. I don't know if after the fall of the three eastern provinces, Zhang Xueliang remembered this link?
Sing in unison to Nianjia Mountain.
After the "77 Incident", Yang Yunshi stayed in Beiping and lived in Beichuanban Hutong. The Japanese invaders also tried to win over and sent people to visit him to find out his feelings about the current situation, and he replied angrily: "I have no feelings, my feelings: I am Chinese, and I only know how to love China!"His colleagues and old friends such as Jiang Chaozong and Wang Yitang were all in the water, and he was so poor that he lived as a pawn, and he was unmoved.
After "918", Yun Shi lived in Jiangnan and lived in Beiping, where he lived in Hong Kong in 1938 and died in 1941 at the age of 67. During the ten years of his exile, when China's resistance to the Japanese invaders was quite arduous and tragic, Yunshi published a large number of poems, eulogizing the bloody soldiers and invigorating the national morale.
In 1926, his poems were funded by Wu Peifu and published by Chung Hwa Book Company. In his later years, he planned to compile the "Continuation of Jiangshan Wanlilou Poems", which said in the preface that there were 23 volumes, including six volumes of words, 2683 poems, and 314 words. However, the "sequel" was published in Hong Kong in 2012 after the Japanese invaded Hong Kong, and the "sequel" was published in Hong Kong with the best efforts of his children, but the number is still quite different from the handwritten manuscript of Yunshi. And there are not a few anti-Japanese themes.
Yang Yunshi wrote poems from himself.
The existing poems of the Anti-Japanese War in Yunshi not only pay close attention to current affairs, but also devote themselves to writing and singing. The front-line soldiers shed blood and donated their lives, and Yun Shi wrote songs and tears, such as "Liaodong Children's Song": "The country is ruined and the family is full of people, and the mourning song of Ningwuguan is merciful." Sitting on the Liao people, they all fell into tears, and sang in unison to miss the family mountain";In the battle of Bailing Temple in 1936, the people fought to be a cotton clothes labor army, Yun Shi was greatly moved, and wrote "Winter Clothes Song" to encourage the front-line soldiers: "Listen to me, don't miss the opportunity if you are in a hurry." Dressed and walked, carrying a knife to fly", "When spring comes, the clothes return to their hometown. The golden whip knocked on the stirrups, and the strong man flew ......"How earnestly the poet expected the soldiers to fight bravely against the enemy, and the burning patriotic feelings that came to his face when he read it. He also wrote several poems of "Gift to the Nineteenth Route Army", such as: "Introduce the wolf to see the Bank of China and say, breaking the enemy's power and shocking Qi Jiguang." Thirty-seven years of hatred, I have become a young man. "From the First Sino-Japanese Naval War to the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War exactly thirty-seven years, the young man was ashamed, his sideburns were pale, and he looked forward to shame from the bottom of his heart.
In July 1941, when he was in Hong Kong, he was 66 years old. The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was difficult, and people with ulterior motives in Hong Kong spread the fallacy of peace talks, Yun Shi could not bear it, and angrily wrote a long poem "Ode to Yi", the preface of the poem was more than 1,000 words, expressing the awe-inspiring spirit of the "Chinese gods" who could not be insulted, and soon passed away. Since then, the soul of poetry has been like a lonely crane in the blue sky.
I am known as the history of poetry.
Young conceited Lingyun pen", Yang Yunshi is famous for his poems, and his poems have the legacy of the Tang Dynasty, and the long poems are particularly powerful. Qian Jibo (the father of Qian Zhongshu) called him a "brilliant genius" in The History of Modern Chinese Literature. Zhang Baixi called him "a noble poet, which shows the high character of his character". Mr. Qian Zhonglian wrote "Records of the Poetry Circle in the Past 100 Years", comparing him to Dong Ping, one of the "Five Tiger Generals", and commenting that "the largest person in modern Tang Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, the first to recommend Yang Yunshi", it seems that Yunshi was a different style in the poetry world at that time between the light body and the "poetry revolution".
Yunshi's masterpieces have been published one after another, including "Tianshan Song", which is 2,000 words long, and Qian Jibo praised it as "since there have been seven ancient times, there is no such long story". The whole poem is majestic, the verses are wonderful, "the pipa is poignant, and the heavy snow is going immediately", "the wind on the battlefield is heavy and the ermine is heavy, and the clouds are full of lichen and freezing", which is almost comparable to the Tang people's side poems.
He is known as the "history of poetry" because of his long ancient style, but that is only a lament for the rise and fall of dynasties, he can really be called a poet of history, or those poems that deeply touch the suffering of the people at the bottom and reflect the turmoil brought to society by the warlord melee. At that time, "everyone called it like Shaoling", as he himself said: "When people praise me, I call it the history of poetry, and the language comes from the heart of the homeland." He wrote "Nanchang Military Curtain Feelings": "The white bones are like a mountain of generals, and the five are full of sorrow", accusing the warlords of evil deeds;His "Raff Xing", lamenting the life and death of the people, is not inferior to Lao Du's "three farewells" charm;There is a "Selling Words" that "Mi Guier is cheap and can charge a few days' rations;."Before teaching children's language, you must learn to call people mother", and teach people to hide their tears and not read them.
He wrote a large number of chronicle poems such as "Painful Poems of the Central Plains", "Mourning the Central Plains", "The Ballad of Ploughing Smoke" and "Mourning the Wanderers", including when he went south from Beijing, witnessed the ravages of the Japanese invaders, and wrote "Mourning Guangzhou" and "Bashan Lamenting". He once advised Wu Peifu: "If the general is interested, the first thing is the common people." ”
Songs and poems mourn for my generation", which has always run through his poetry history. He once said: "I have heard that people in the sea have answered me: Yun epic is like Shaoling." Wow, how unfortunate am I to be a poet and a Shaoling. ”
Don't leave a cold eye to reward the deceased.
In 1924, Kang Youwei, who has always been pretentious, met Yun Shi at Wu Peifu's 50th birthday banquetLuoyang Tiger Stands, Eight Directions Wind and Rain Will Zhongzhou", no one can stand out from the crowd, even Wu Dashuai also bowed three times, even called "priceless treasure"!In fact, the last sentence of the next couplet is the poem of the Tang dynasty Liu Yuxi, "The flag of the Son of Heaven is divided into half, and the wind and rain in all directions will be **" is only one word easy. This poem is given to the name of Xiang Peidu, a metaphor for Wu Peifu, and some allusions are inappropriate. The joint use of the dictionary is not even more incompatible: "Muye Yingyang" is an allusion to King Wu of Zhou, how can Wu compare with it?
But such a conceited person, when he meets Yun Shi, he suddenly has the meaning of hating each other. Yun Shi couldn't help but be embarrassed because his father had ** Kang Youwei back then, but Kang talked and laughed freely: "This past is ear!."Politics has its own agenda, so why don't you mind. Besides, you are loyal and righteous, why can you bear to lose it?I am willing to make friends with you. He also praised Yunshi as "a genius of the world", "the best in the world, the first genius in the world", called his long song "known as the history of poetry", and inscribed the title of his book "Poetry of Thousands of Miles of Rivers". In 1937, the tenth anniversary of Kang Youwei's death, Yun Shi invited celebrities from all walks of life to initiate a memorial meeting and make a memorial text, which shows the friendship of Yun Shi.
Yun Shi and his father's political views are also not consistent, Lu Danlin in the book "Revolutionary History Tan" stated: Yun Shi was in the office of vice consul of Singapore, the governor of Liangguang Zhang Renjun sent the assassin to stay in Yun Shiyu, trying to wait for an opportunity to assassinate Sun Yat-sen, Yun Shi immediately asked Tian Tong to tell Sun Yat-sen to pay attention to precautions, and persuaded the assassin to gain and lose, the assassin was moved, so he gave up the assassination plan.
Although the father of Yunshi was incompatible with the reformers, Yunshi admired the reformers very much, and after the death of Chen Sanli, who participated in the reform of the law, he wrote a couplet to mourn: "It is for my generation, the Si Shisi people, and the cold spring recommends Qiu Ju;Mr. Report has gone, this year today, do not leave a cold eye to look at the remnants of chess".
A lifelong confidant is a plum blossom.
Yun Shi is a loving and righteous person, not only to friends, but also to his wife. He sent his wife Li Daoqing to have a collection of words "Drinking Xia Ci", died of illness a few times, and then Xu Tan, the daughter of Xu Renshan, the governor of Xiancaoyun, Xu is a talented woman, and she is called Xiake.
Due to the decline of Yunshi's livelihood, he was repeatedly invited by Chen Guangyuan, the overseer of Jiangxi, and began to enter the curtain in 1911. At that time, Wu Peifu heard it and sighed: "How can Chen Guangyuan control Jiangdong's unruly talent?"Sure enough, Yun Shi couldn't get used to Chen Guangyuan's reckless military force, and he had the idea of retreating. Mrs. Xu wrote a book to Yun Shiyun: "The plum blossoms in the garden, but Junhu will not return?."When Yun Shi saw the book, he immediately left a letter and hung up his crown, leaving Chen Guangyuan to write a book: "I can't help but be confused by a foreign country, and I will return to the arms of a woman." Qinghui jade arm is inevitably affectionate;The high shadow of the sparse window can also be read ......"The style is gorgeous, neither humble nor arrogant, and its book can see the legacy of Mingren's sketches. Lu Xun once commented on the Ming people's sketches, which is a touch of brilliance in the filth, and the book of cloud history can also be called the remnants of the Ming people's essays. When Wu Peifu heard this, he sent someone to invite Yun Shi to Luoyang to enter the scene.
Yun Shi and Xia Ke are very affectionate, and especially admire Mrs. Justice. Xu Xiake passed away, Yun Shi mourned, and cried for "Crying for the Dead Wife and Mrs. Huai", "Mourning", "Autumn Willow Resentment" and other articles, especially the "Two Hundred and Twenty Rhymes of Vomiting Blood" of Mrs. Huai, which is even more heart-wrenching and sighing!
After Yun Shi took refuge in Hong Kong, his third wife, Di Meinan, accompanied him through the difficult times and treasured his poetry manuscripts. After Yun Shi died, Di Meinan took sleeping pills and died after the funeral. The love is so deep, which is in line with the words of the ancients: "Ask what the love of the world is, and teach life and death to make a promise!."”
Plum blossoms are a symbol of nobility since ancient times, Yang Yunshi loves plum blossoms very much, and often uses self-metaphor. He wrote more than Yongmei to express his chest, and Yun Shi has many poems of "Plum Blossom Quatrain": "This flower can be folded, and I must fold, and the poet does not live up to the flower", "A guest sits in the new plug, and the new poem starts from now on." His Yongmei poems not only "get rid of the ordinary fat powder", but also exude concern for the chaotic situation of "leisurely soldiers and horses".
Plum blossoms painted by Yang Yunshi (published in Qingdao Pictorial, 1936).
Yun Shi is not only famous for his poems, but also good at calligraphy, and can paint, especially love to paint plums, but he will never give it away. But in 1931, he was willing to paint plum blossoms to help the displaced people. He once painted a huge plum blossom as a gift to Wu Peifu, and Wu Peifu gave him a couplet: "Several people in the world learn from Du Fu, and their lifelong confidant is a plum blossom."
Yun Shi once said from his own description: "When I was young, I heard that there was a poet and I, I was angry, and now I am happy to hear it", he admired Du Fu all his life, and he was like Du Fu who died of illness and death on Xiangdao, but he can use the name of the poem for the rest of his life, and be remembered and recited by future generations, is it not a good "realm of heaven and earth" and the destination of life?