"If you can't take Guan Jiayuan, revoke the number of the 129th Division, and kill the head regardless of size. ”Mr. Peng angrily rebuked in commanding the Battle of Guanjiayuan.
Regarding this battle, Mr. Peng and Liu Shuai quarreled fiercely and argued endlessly.
After the Battle of Guanjiayuan, Mr. Peng always thought that it was a big defeat, and at the summary meeting in Yan'an in 1945, Mr. Peng was criticized.
What exactly happened in the Battle of Guanjiayuan?Why did Mr. Peng and Liu Shuai quarrel fiercely?Why was Mr. Peng criticized again?
Peng Lao was always from Hunan, and after two years of schooling in his childhood, he dropped out of school to work as a farmer. Later, because he hated imperialist aggression and the corruption of the Qing Dynasty, he joined the Hunan Army.
Later, Mr. Peng was admitted to the Hunan Army Officers' Lecture Hall, and after that, he was incorporated into the Kuomintang Revolutionary Army and participated in the Northern Expedition.
The failure of the Great Revolution made Mr. Peng see the darkness of the Kuomintang clearly, so Mr. Peng joined our party.
Mr. Peng was brave and good at fighting all his life, he formed the Fifth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led the troops to fight on the border, and established a revolutionary base area.
After that, he led the army to Jinggangshan to join the army, and in this way, the early revolutionary base was established.
Mr. Peng's military talent was shown during the Long March. Mr. Peng led the Kuomintang to achieve great victories in several encirclement and suppression wars.
During the Long March, Mr. Peng pointed out the mistakes of leftism, resolutely opposed it, and made serious criticisms.
Subsequently, Mr. Peng led the army to the northern Shaanxi region. An anti-Japanese base was established here behind enemy lines.
Mr. Peng served as the commander-in-chief of the Red Army and participated in the command of countless large and small battles. Brave and good at fighting is synonymous with Mr. Peng.
After the outbreak of the full-scale War of Resistance Against Japan, Mr. Peng served as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army and fought with Marshal Zhu.
In many battles with the Japanese army, Mr. Peng summed up a lot of experience and combat methods to deal with the Japanese invaders.
Mr. Peng led the army to establish an anti-Japanese base behind enemy lines in North China, constantly mobilized the masses to fight an all-out war of resistance, and carried out anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare mainly in mountainous areas in accordance with the proposition of the first one.
In 1940, Mr. Peng launched a war mainly to destroy the Japanese army's transportation, and because the number of participants was as many as 105 regiments, it was known as the "Battle of the Hundred Regiments".
This campaign was originally intended to disrupt the Japanese army's lines of communication in North China and resist the large-scale sweep of the Japanese army.
Later, as the number of participating regiments increased, it gradually evolved into a large-scale battle.
At that time, the Japanese army was very rampant, in order to comprehensively strengthen the blockade of China. An attempt was made to impose an economic blockade on China based on the Zhengtai Railway, and then to carry out a military attack.
Our party soon realized the intentions of the Japanese army, and decided to quickly attack, cut off the lines of communication behind enemy lines, and deliver a powerful blow to the enemy, thus crushing the enemy's attempts.
The Battle of the Hundred Regiments was divided into three phases, the first stage was mainly to destroy the enemy's lines of communication, the second stage was to destroy the enemy's strongholds on the basis of destroying communications, and the final stage was to oppose the Japanese army's retaliatory sweep.
Mr. Peng calmly commanded the 105 regiments to fight, giving full play to his military talents.
The Battle of Guanjiayuan was the third stage of the Battle of the Hundred Regiments, and the Japanese army at this time began a large-scale sweep in order to retaliate against China.
The large number of troops amassed by the Japanese army frantically attacked the revolutionary base areas of the Communist Party, and the brutal nature of Japan was exposed.
These actions of the Japanese army angered Mr. Peng, and he was bound to annihilate the Japanese army and destroy the sweep of the Japanese army.
Mr. Peng once asked ** for instructions to fight the Japanese army to the end, but out of consideration for the future of the Eighth Route Army, he decided to transfer his position first.
Due to the huge gap in equipment between the two sides, the main tactics adopted by our army were still guerrilla sneak attacks, and we tried to avoid a frontal clash with the Japanese army.
But in the process of transferring our army, Mr. Peng suddenly found that the Japanese army's Okazaki brigade had come to Huangya Cave.
Huangyadong is our army's ammunition production base and is very important. Mr. Peng was very angry when he found out about this pair and immediately started a meeting.
Mr. Peng was bound to wipe out the 500-man squad, so he ordered the troops of the 386 Brigade to fight this Japanese army to the end.
The Okazaki brigade was also very smart, and when it saw the encirclement of the Eighth Route Army, it immediately retreated to Guanjiayuan.
The terrain of the Guan family is treacherous, easy to defend and difficult to attack, and they are stuck here. The Minatozaki Brigade occupied the high ground and waited for the Japanese reinforcements.
If you attack at this time, you will pay a terrible price. We are not as well equipped as the Japanese army, and we do not have an advantage in the terrain.
Our army could easily be dragged down by these 500 men, and if the Japanese reinforcement reached the main force of the Eighth Route Army, it would be severely damaged.
But Mr. Peng was already angry and immediately ordered the army to take down the Japanese army in one fell swoop. In this regard, Marshal Liu and Mr. Peng had a fierce quarrel.
The two sides held different opinions, and according to the proposition of the first at that time, there should be no direct confrontation with the Japanese army, and guerrilla warfare should be waged.
In addition, coupled with the excellent equipment of the Japanese army and the advantages of the terrain, it should not be directly attacked.
But Mr. Peng still decided to start a war, first shelling the Japanese positions, and then began to charge. Our army was encouraged by Mr. Peng and rushed forward.
However, the well-equipped Japanese army paid a heavy price, and after a fierce struggle, our army still failed to take the position.
The Japanese delayed until reinforcements, and then sent planes to bomb our positions. The Eighth Route Army paid a heavy price, and the front-line commander at that time immediately called Mr. Peng to request the withdrawal of troops.
But Mr. Peng was angry at this time, thinking that the Okazaki brigade had been severely damaged and should take the position directly in one go.
However, General Chen Geng thought that the Eighth Route Army's offensive was very difficult.
Mr. Peng was very annoyed, so he angrily reprimanded, "I can't take the position and cancel the number of your 129th Division, no matter how big or small it is." ”
General Chen did not dare to say much, so he had to continue to command the army to launch an attack.
At that time, Marshal Liu was also beside Mr. Peng, and he was also opposed to this matter, and he believed that he should continue to adhere to the view that the number of people should be the history of possession, and there should be no head-on conflict. Guerrilla warfare is our main strategy.
Marshal Liu and Mr. Peng had an endless dispute. Mr. Peng considered that if he retreated, then the Japanese army would continue to be arrogant and carry out a large-scale sweep in North China. At that time, we will not be faced with the problem of **, but with the problem of national defeat.
Although the two argued, they still continued to attack according to Mr. Peng's instructions. However, the equipment gap is too big, our army is very miserable, and in the end, Mr. Peng had to order a retreat.
After this battle, Mr. Peng gradually calmed down and realized that he was mixed with personal emotions in this battle.
In this war, we had an absolute advantage in numbers, but the gap in equipment was very large. Coupled with the fact that the Japanese army occupies a favorable terrain, our army is very miserable, and even its morale has declined somewhat.
In 1945, the all-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression entered the final stage, in order to summarize the experience of the Eighth Route Army since the War of Resistance against Japan. A "North China Work Symposium" was held in Yan'an.
The main content of this symposium is to sum up and learn lessons from previous wars. At the meeting, the Battle of Guanjiayuan commanded by Mr. Peng was pointed out.
At the meeting, many people thought that it was unwise for Mr. Peng to ask the 129th Division to attack the Japanese position, and severely criticized Mr. Peng's approach.
When the de facto Eighth Route Army was not yet stabilized, it did not have the conditions to fight the Japanese army head-on. Or most of the above generals believe that if they resist head-on like this, sooner or later they will finish the Eighth Route Army's family.
And at that time, the idea of the first class was also to focus on guerrilla warfare, to avoid frontal conflicts, and to preserve the vital forces. The battle of Guanjiayuan was too fierce and the style of play was too radical, and the follow-up problems of the Eighth Route Army were not taken into account.
Although the battle wiped out the Japanese Okazaki Brigade, the price paid by the Eighth Route Army was too great.
Mr. Peng also accepted the criticism raised at the meeting with an open mind. He himself later regarded the Battle of Guanjiayuan as one of the four major defeats he fought.
Mr. Peng has also made a deep reflection on this battle since then, although he has fought for many years and has rich experience, he has not taken into account the suggestions of others.
Mr. Peng's perspective was to eliminate the arrogance of the Japanese army, but he did not take into account that our vitality was not abundant. Liu Shuai considered whether to give more consideration to the operational policy of the Eighth Route Army and retain the vital strength of the Eighth Route Army.
Because of their different perspectives, the two had a fierce dispute, but they both wanted to command the Eighth Route Army to defeat the Japanese invaders.
The Battle of the Hundred Regiments under the command of Mr. Peng laid an important foundation for the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and this was the first time that our army achieved a great victory on the frontal battlefield, which not only eliminated the arrogance of the Japanese army, but also boosted the morale of our army.
Mr. Peng's vision was that although he was criticized afterwards, the battle still played a vital role.
From the beginning of the all-out war of resistance, which time did we not fight a tough battle?
On the whole, the gains in the Battle of Guanjiayuan still outweighed the losses. In terms of strategic approach, following the viewpoint of *** is what we must abide by. However, in the face of the actual situation, corresponding adjustments should also be made. War is such a brutal ......