During the Northern Song Dynasty, the area of present-day Beijing was known as Youzhou. Youzhou is an ancient administrative division that first appeared in the Shangshu Yugong, which at that time included the present-day Hebei, Liaoning, and Inner Mongolia regions. Historically, Youzhou was the political, cultural and economic center of several dynasties, such as the Yan Kingdom in the Western Han Dynasty and the Fanyang Festival envoy in the Tang Dynasty.
Youzhou has a unique geographical location, located at the confluence of the North China Plain and the Yellow River Basin, bordering the Bohai Sea in the east, the Yellow River in the west, the Taihang Mountains in the south, and the Yanshan Mountains in the north. With its flat terrain, fertile soil and pleasant climate, it has been an important base for agriculture and commerce since ancient times.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the geographical location of Youzhou was of great significance to the country's development and military strategy. Due to its geographical advantages, Youzhou became an important base for the Northern Song Dynasty army. Many famous generals have commanded wars here, such as the famous generals Yang Ye and Guo Ziyi of the Northern Song Dynasty. In addition, Youzhou was also an important transportation hub in the north at that time, connecting various regions of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and making positive contributions to the country's economic and cultural development.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Youzhou was located at the junction of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao and Jin kingdoms in the north. In order to strengthen the border defense, the Northern Song Dynasty set up a number of military institutions in Youzhou, such as Baozhou, Jizhou, etc., and deployed a large number of troops for defense. At the same time, Youzhou is also one of the important places of the Northern Song Dynasty and the northern ethnic minorities, with prosperous commerce and great progress in culture and art.
The modern Beijing area is the core area of Youzhou in history. As the capital of China, Beijing has a history of more than 2,000 years. From the Yan Kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, to the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and other periods, Beijing has always been one of the important cities in China. In modern times, Beijing has become one of China's political, cultural and economic centers, attracting a large number of people and resources.