5.25 Zi said: "Clever words, Ling Se, and full respect, Zuoqiu is ashamed, and Qiu is also ashamed." Hide grievances and make friends with others, Zuoqiu is ashamed, and Qiu is also ashamed. ”
Confucius said: "Rhetoric, pretending to be good-looking, and being excessively submissive, Zuo Qiu Ming thinks it is shameful, and I think it is shameful." There is resentment hidden in his heart, but he is friendly with him on the surface, Zuo Qiu Ming thinks it is shameful, and I also think it is shameful. ”
Interpretation] Foot - excessive.
Qiu - Confucius, surname, name Kong, name Qiu, word Zhongni. Self-proclaimed name, indicating modesty.
Zuo Qiu Ming, who has always been said to be the author of "Zuo Chuan" and "Chinese", the specific year of birth and death is unknown, Lu State historian, thinker, and writer. Zuo Qiu Ming was of noble character and lived in the same era as Confucius, who called him a gentleman.
Judging from the records in this chapter, Confucius put Zuo Qiu Ming before himself, and he respected himself, and it seems that Zuo Qiu Ming was older and more influential than Confucius at that time. However, from the perspective that "Zuo Chuan" mostly interprets "Spring and Autumn" with historical facts, Zuo Qiu Ming should be much younger than Confucius. Whether the Zuo Qiu Ming mentioned in this chapter is the Zuo Qiu Ming who wrote "Zuo Biography" cannot be examined.
Confucius advocated benevolence, filial piety and other moral requirements The starting point is the truth of the heart, so he said, "Clever words, fresh benevolence!."(Learning, 1.)3) So he said, "It's hard to be sexual." If there is something, **obey it;There is wine and food, and Mr. Food, I used to think that filial piety(For the Politics of the Chapter, 2.)8) In this chapter, Confucius clearly put forward such hypocrites as "clever words, order, and courtesy", and "hiding grievances and making friends with others", and he was "ashamed".
Sycophants, not those who are not pleasing to the Tao, do not focus on the overall situation, but must be selfish, or fame or fortune, or power or power ......, make friends and employ people, you must not ignore it. What a villain, a gentleman is ashamed;Hypocrites, gentlemen are also ashamed.