——Preface·]—
Eunuchs and eunuchs, as a special group of men in the ancient Chinese court, had different responsibilities depending on the changes of the timesThe two terms are often used confusingly, but there is a big difference between a real eunuch and a eunuch.
In fact, eunuchs were recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty and even the Qin Dynasty, and eunuchs first appeared in the Liao Dynasty, far later than the appearance of eunuchsSo what exactly is the difference between a eunuch and a eunuch?
Eunuchs are controversial in Chinese history, they were once the most popular people around the emperor and an important part of the country's politicsIt was these eunuchs who became the fuse for the demise of many dynasties.
In the astrological signs of antiquity,"Eunuch"It is a constellation that surrounds the west side of the Emperor Star, just like the ** that serves the left and right, and surrounds the Emperor left and rightIn the history books, eunuchs also have corresponding classifications, such as eunuchs, middle officials, internal officials, and so on.
Eunuchs originally referred to those who served in the court, and their duties included serving the emperor, managing court affairs, and taking care of the daily life of the royal familyOver time, eunuchs gradually became a special group, and most of them were lowly or sinners.
As a servant of the royal familyBecause of getting along with the emperor day and night, he gained a special status and power, but no matter how the status of the eunuchs changed, they could never get rid of their dependence on imperial power.
After the Qin Dynasty unified the Six Kingdoms, a large number of eunuchs were added to serve the harem and imperial powerZhao Gao, Hu Hai and Li Si tampered with the edict, and then attempted to usurp the throne, resulting in the killing of dozens of eunuchs, which shows that the number of eunuchs in the Qin Dynasty was already quite large.
At that time, eunuchs did not have to be castrated as eunuchs, and the method of castration was more cruel and complicated, so it was not very common. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were too many female dependents in the harem, and the use of non-eunuchs might confuse the royal bloodline, so all the eunuchs were castratedBut at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the power of eunuchs reached its peak.
In order to eliminate the power of the eunuchs,Yuan Shao led the army to crusade, killed more than thousands of eunuchs, and ended the situation of eunuchs, when the population of the country was only 50 million, which shows the great influence of eunuchs at that time.
These examples show that eunuchs with too much power often lead to chaos in the state, mainly because of the eunuchs' lack of moral restraint and their own selfish interestsThey tend to do whatever it takes to make a profit.
Coupled with the special status of eunuchs, they are neither the emperor's family nor the ** of the imperial courtThis gives them a certain degree of political independence, making it easier to manipulate politics and cause national turmoil.
Eunuchs also led to serious social problems, and they were widely discriminated against and ostracized in society due to their special statusThis made the eunuchs have a strong sense of inferiority and revenge, often proving their worth by abusing their power.
The eunuch was an official name at the beginning, among the southern officials of the Liao DynastyThere are some job titles that are called"Supervisor", which also includes eunuchs, but in terms of specific names, they are only called"Supervisor", such as the eunuch of Taifu.
In the Tang Dynasty, the eunuch institution was further improved, and Tang Gaozong changed the palace to the central palaceThe eunuchs served as eunuchs, young eunuchs, and eunuchs became the managers of the royal family's life, and at the same time participated in political struggles, and launched power struggles with court officials, forming a dispute between the "Southern and Northern Divisions".
In the Yuan Dynasty, there was one more Taifu and various prisons"Eunuchs"of the position,For example, the eunuch and the priest have the position of eunuch.
The eunuch system of the Ming Dynasty reached its peakMing Chengzu Zhu Di established the East Factory, headed by a cronie eunuch, responsible for supervision and spy work, and Ming Xianzong added the West Factory, and the power once overwhelmed the East Factory and Jinyiwei.
Whether it is the East Factory or the West Factory, they are all led by eunuchs, they are always vassals of the imperial power, but the rights they have are huge, it can be said that the eunuchs are high-ranking eunuchsA eunuch must be a eunuch, and a eunuch is not necessarily a eunuch.
By the Qing Dynasty, eunuchs and eunuchs gradually became synonymousDespite the presence of famous eunuchs such as Li Lianying and An Dehai, the Qing Dynasty did not have the problem of eunuch dictatorship, because the Qing emperors strictly controlled the eunuchs to prevent them from wielding too much power.
There have been many eunuchs and eunuchs in history who have achieved success through their talents and wisdomFor example, Cai Lun is the inventor of one of the most important inventions of ancient times, papermaking.
At first, he was just an ordinary eunuch, but with his own efforts and talents,Cai Lun was gradually appreciated and respected by the emperor, and was promoted to the middle standing attendant and Shang Fangling, becoming the highest-ranking eunuch among the eunuchs at that time.
The eunuch is also named Zheng He, who is one of the most famous navigators in Chinese historyHis seven voyages to the West are regarded as feats in the history of world navigation.
Zheng He was originally an internal eunuch, but later continued to hold the position of eunuch and gained the special trust of the emperorHe was given the privilege of going to the West seven times, and was also known as the "Three Guarantees Eunuch".
He has not only had a positive impact on China's economy, culture, and diplomacyIt also demonstrated his diplomatic skills, military wisdom and adventurous spirit.
Of course, there are also some eunuchs and eunuchs in history who became sinners due to abuse of power and arbitrariness, such as Wang Zhen in the Ming Dynasty as one of the top ten eunuchs in the Ming DynastyHe used the power he enjoyed to influence the emperor and had a huge influence in the court.
Wang Zhen monopolized power, trampled on the law, killed innocents indiscriminately, and caused chaos among internal and external eunuchsAnd there are eunuchs with similar heinous crimes, such as Wei Zhongxian, Zhao Gao and Liu Jin, etc., who eventually faced the backlash of fate because of their dictatorship.
Eunuchs and eunuchs played different roles in court life, and in the history of ancient China, they witnessed the changes of feudal society and the maintenance of imperial power.
Eunuchs and eunuchs were originally prisoners, as servants who served the royal family, but because they got along with the emperor day and night, they gained special status and power.
But no matter how the status of the eunuchs changed, they could never get rid of their attachment to the imperial power, they were vassals of the imperial power, and they were also the servants of the imperial power.
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