The rate of the historical period of the jump
The Exploration and Enlightenment of the "First Answer".
General Secretary Liu Jianwu pointed out: "How to jump out of the historical cycle rate?The party is always thinking and exploring. **Comrade gave the first answer in the cave in Yan'an, which is 'let the people supervise**'After a hundred years of struggle, especially the new practice since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the party has given the second answer, which is self-revolution. "A deep understanding of the exploration and impact of the "first answer" on jumping out of the historical cycle rate is of great significance to comprehensively grasp the exploration process and great achievements of our party on this issue over the past hundred years, and to deepen the understanding of the law of the Communist Party's governance and the law of the development of human society.
Jumping out of the historical cycle rate, how the "first answer" is formedIn July 1945, when talking about how to jump out of the historical cyclical rate in the Yan'an cave, he made it clear: "We have found a new way, and we can jump out of this cyclical rate." This new path is democracy. Only by letting the people supervise ** can we not dare to relax. Only when everyone rises up to take responsibility will no one die. It is no accident that he was able to confidently give a clear answer to the question of jumping out of the historical cycle, and it is closely linked with his long-term concern and reflection on this issue, and it is also the inevitable result of our party's long-term exploration of this important topic.
The first answer was formed in the course of our party's struggle to establish a people's democratic system in which the people are the masters of the country. Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has taken the establishment of a democratic system that ensures that the people are the masters of the country as its goal. The First National Congress of the Party made clear the task of "recognizing the proletariat" and practicing proletarian democracy, and the Chinese Soviet Republic Provisional Republic, chaired by the People's Republic of China, established in the Soviet region, implemented the revolutionary democracy of the workers and peasants, and the practice of the "three-three system" democratic regime in the "anti-Japanese base areas" made Yan'an a "holy land of democracy" that people yearn for. It is precisely through unremitting explorations from the workers' and peasants' lords to the people's democracy, from the Soviet congresses to the people's congresses at all levels, and from the democratic republics to the people's republics that a solid foundation has been laid for the establishment of a people's democratic system in which the people are the masters of the country. The founding of the People's Republic of China has enabled China's politics to make a great leap from centralization to people's democracy, and has fundamentally changed the political basis and social conditions for the existence of the cyclical rate.
The first answer is "formed by our party in the practice of constantly promoting people's supervision." How to ensure that the power given by the people can only be used to serve the people through the restraint and supervision of power is the core issue of whether or not we can jump out of the historical cycle. Our party has always attached importance to supervision work, from the party's first program stipulating that the party's work should be "supervised by the strictest degree" to the party's seventh national congress stipulating the establishment of the "party's supervisory committee", from the promulgation of the first "inspection regulations" in the party's history in 1928 to the establishment of the party's discipline inspection committee in 1949, and so on, showing that supervision has always been a very important work of the party. ** Not only attaches great importance to the supervision work, but also attaches special importance to the joint role of various supervision, and believes that it is necessary to carry out supervision from top to bottom, but also to carry out internal and external supervision.
The first answer "was formed by our party in the practice of relying on its own strength to discover and solve its own problems." The only correct way to rely on one's own strength to discover and solve one's own problems in a timely manner is to carry out criticism and self-criticism. Our party is a party that has the courage to carry out criticism and self-criticism, from the emphasis on "contradictions within the Communist Party to be solved by the method of criticism and self-criticism" to the Yan'an rectification to pick up this to solve the outstanding problems existing in the party, from the early days of the founding of the party to advocate criticism and self-criticism to the Seventh National Congress of the party to establish it as one of the three major styles, showing that criticism and self-criticism have always been an important magic weapon for our party to remove dust and ashes, treat diseases and heal wounds.
The first answer is "formed by our party in the practice of preventing pride and complacency and enhancing the sense of adversity." How to prevent defeat due to pride is a big question that we have been thinking about, and the failure of the Great Revolution and the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" are all related to "some comrades in the party who are proud and think they can't do it", and warned that "all comrades in the party should take this pride and mistakes as a warning." He also listed the "Jiashen 300th Anniversary Festival" written by Guo Moruo as a party-wide rectification document, the purpose of which was to "make comrades take it as a warning and not repeat the mistake of being proud of victory." It is precisely with this strong sense of adversity that our party has always maintained a high degree of sobriety and consciousness in the face of victory.
It can be seen that the "first answer" about jumping out of the historical cycle rate is formed on the basis of long-term exploration and thinking, rather than a temporary impression triggered by chance.
Jumping out of the question of the "first answer" of the historical cycle rate points to the main connotationHistorically, the reasons why we cannot jump out of the cyclical rate of the rise and fall of chaos are complex, and the key to the problem is how to open up a new way to block the cycle of cyclical rate. ** The "new road of democracy" given in the cave dialogue has a very profound connotation, which not only fundamentally changes the social and historical conditions for the cyclical rate to be staged, but also creatively points out a correct path for maintaining long-term stability and prosperity.
The people's democracy of "everyone rises up and is responsible" is used to avoid the problem of "people dying and the government resting". In fact, the phenomenon of "people living in government and people dying in government" that has constantly appeared in history is only an appearance, and what plays a dominant role within it is the ** system of exploitation and oppression of the vast majority of people by a small number of people, and the irreconcilable antagonistic relationship between those in power and the masses of the people. In order to break out of the cyclical rate of the rise and fall of chaos, it is necessary to fundamentally change this antagonistic relationship, establish a new system in which the people are the masters of the country, and realize the fundamental transformation from feudal politics to people's democratic politics. People's democracy is the democracy of "everyone rises up and is responsible", and the broadest democracy of the vast majority of people. Only this kind of democracy can fundamentally change the social and historical conditions in which the cyclical rate of the rise and fall of chaos is staged, and truly find the crux and key to solving the problem of the cyclical rate of "rise and fall suddenly."
The people's supervision of "let the people supervise" is used to avoid the problem of "official slackness". After a regime has made great efforts and achievements, it will often gradually let down its vigilance, slack off and slacken, and eventually embark on the road of no return to failure and decline. This is the problem of "official slackness" that Huang Yanpei said in "Cave Pair". In this regard, the answer given by ** is "only by letting the people supervise**, will we not dare to relax". In our country, the power in the hands of leading cadres is given by the people, and only by letting the people supervise can we effectively prevent the recurrence of the phenomenon of being carried away by victory and losing oneself because of power in history, and can we fundamentally avoid the problem of defeat due to falling into laxity and slackness.
With the fine style of "two musts", we should avoid the problem of "seeking glory and disgrace". In the history of our Party, there have also been problems that led to failure due to impatience and rashness. To prevent this problem, the key lies in achieving the "two imperatives" and always maintaining the fine tradition and style of being modest and prudent and working hard. At the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he admonished the whole party: "Winning the national victory is only the first step in the long march of 10,000 miles." If this step is also worthy of pride, it is relatively small, and even more worthy of pride is yet to come", and put forward the requirements of "two musts". It can be said that always maintaining the fine style of "two imperatives" is the secret of our party's continuous march from victory to victory, and it is a clear answer to the question of "seeking glory and seeking humiliation" raised in the cave dialogue.
Self-purification with "criticism and self-criticism" is used to avoid the problem of "accumulating small things to make huge things and accumulating evil to become disasters". Any catastrophic consequence has a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, from small mistakes to major disasters. If we fail to discover and correct it in time, it will inevitably accumulate and be difficult to return, turning small problems into big disasters and small pipes into big landslides, until they become overall and subversive disasters. The wisdom and greatness of our party does not lie in whether or not it will make mistakes or be invaded by external dust and dirt, but in how it can correct mistakes and eliminate interference in a timely manner through its own strength, so as to prevent problems before they occur. ** said: "There has never been dust that is automatically removed without cleaning" and "The thoughts of our comrades and the work of our party will also be contaminated with dust, and they should also be cleaned and washed". The method of cleaning and washing is to carry out correct and serious criticism and self-criticism, so as to "prevent it before it sprouts" and "cure it before it becomes chaotic".
The first answer is a complete system with rich connotations, which profoundly reveals the inherent requirements and practical path of jumping out of the historical cycle, raises the understanding and practice of solving this historical problem to a new height, and greatly deepens the understanding of the law of development of human society.
The profound enlightenment and great significance of jumping out of the "first answer" of the historical cyclical rateThe "first answer" on jumping out of the historical cyclical rate has opened up a new way to break out of the historical cyclical rate, provided the basic ideas and methods for solving the problem of the historical cyclical rate, and has a great impact and profound enlightenment on building a Marxist political party that has been in power for a long time.
It is necessary to unify the party's strong leadership with the people being the masters of the country, and always grasp the law and general trend of historical development. The masses of the people are the masters of history and the ultimate decisive force in promoting the development of history. However, the strength of the masses of the people is not formed spontaneously, and can only be realized by organizing themselves and working in unity. The party's leadership is to organize and unite the masses of the people and support and ensure that the people realize their right to be masters of their own affairs. The "first answer" tells us that the party's leadership and the people's being the masters of the country are closely linked, and that there is no party leadership that is separated from the party's leadership and that the people are the masters of the country. Organically integrating the party's strong leadership with the people being the masters of the country is the law and general trend of contemporary China's historical development, and it is also the basis and confidence for us to finally jump out of the historical cycle.
It is necessary to unify accepting the people's supervision with the courage to carry out self-revolution, and always maintain the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the masses of the people. The will of the people is the biggest politics. Our party comes from the people, its roots lie in the people, and its blood lies in the people, and how to always maintain the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the masses of the people is a major issue that has a bearing on the life and death of the party and the long-term peace and stability of the country. We must consciously unify accepting the people's supervision with having the courage to make self-criticism, and resolve our own problems that the masses are not satisfied with through the method of self-revolution, so as to always maintain the party's advanced nature and purity.
It is necessary to unify the timely discovery of one's own problems with the prevention of sugar-coated shell attacks, and always maintain the soberness and firmness of "rushing to take the exam". On the eve of the national victory, our party promptly raised the issue of preventing "attacks by sugar-coated shells," stressed that "we must not be Li Zicheng," and put forward the task of "rushing for the examination" to the whole party. Practice tells us that there is no shortcut to "rushing for the examination" of jumping out of the historical cycle and achieving a long-term ruling regime, and the key is to be self-competent, to build the party into a stronger and more effective party, to unify the strengthening of self-building with the prevention of sugar-coated shell attacks, and to always maintain a high degree of consciousness and political sobriety in "rushing to take the examination."
Combine unremitting struggle with modesty and prudence, and always maintain a courageous mental state. Always maintaining the indomitable will to make unremitting efforts and the mental state of being modest and prudent are the distinctive characteristics and advantages of our party, and are also the inevitable requirements for jumping out of the historical cycle. **On the basis of profoundly summing up the lessons and lessons of the Chinese revolution, it was clearly pointed out: "We must fight bravely, but we must also be modest and prudent. "Our party has developed and grown and achieved great achievements in unremitting struggle and heroic struggle,** said: "The Communist Party is to struggle", "10,000 years later, we must also struggle". On the new journey, it is particularly necessary for us to continue to carry forward the spirit of arduous struggle. No matter how great the victory is, we have no reason to be proud, and any mood of stopping and not striving for progress is unacceptable.
Although our party has made outstanding achievements in the process of exploring ways to break out of the historical cycle, it is far from being accomplished. ** The general secretary noted: "This exam is not over yet, it is still continuing. "The big test of jumping out of the historical cycle rate is always on the way. With the strong leadership of the party and the heartfelt support of the masses of the people, we will certainly be able to continuously create new achievements worthy of history and constantly hand over new answers to the satisfaction of the people on the new road of rushing for examinations. (The author is a researcher, professor and doctoral supervisor of the Hunan Provincial Center for Contemporary Chinese Marxism).
Selected from "Xinxiang Review" Issue 24, 2023).
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